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台湾研究 2024年第1期 1-14页

作者： Institute of Taiwan Studies, chinese academy of Social sciences 中国社会科学院台湾研究所

2024年1月13.,台湾地区领导人和立法机构“二合一”选举落下幕。民进党籍候选人赖清德、萧美琴当选台湾地区正副领导人。台湾地区立法机构总额113.中,中国国民党获52席,民进党获51席,民众党获8席,无党籍及未经政党推荐者获2席.

关键词：中国国民党民进党立法机构台湾地区民众党推荐者二合一候选人

Teleconnection between the Indian summer monsoon onset and the Meiyu over the Yangtze River Valley

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Science china Earth sciences 2008年第7期51卷 1021-1035页

作者： LIU YunYun1,2,3.& DING YiHui2 1 chinese academy of meteorological {3., Beijing 100081, china 2 National Climate Center, Beijing 100081, china 3.Graduate University of chinese academy of {3., Beijing 100049, china 1. chinese academy of meteorological {3. Beijing 100081 China 2. National Climate Center Beijing 100081 China 3. Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

Based on the Indian and chinese precipitation data and the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis circulation data, the relationship between the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) onset and the Meiyu over the Yangtze River Valley has been discussed by the methods of correlation analysis and composite analysis. The results show that the date of ISM onset over Kerala in the southwestern coast of the Indian Peninsula is about two weeks earlier than the beginning of the Meiyu over the Yangtze River Valley. After the outbreak of ISM, the teleconnection mode sets up from the western coast of India via the Bay of Bengal (BOB) to the Yangtze River Valley and southern Japan. It is different both in time and space from the telecon- nection mode which is from the northwest of India via the Tibetan Plateau to northern china. The for- mer mode is defined as the "south" teleconnection of the Asian summer monsoon, forming in the pe- riod of ISM onset; while the latter mode is called the "north" teleconnection, mainly occurring in the Asian monsoon culminant period. During the process of the "south" teleconnection’s formation, the Asian monsoon circulation has experienced a series of important changes: ISM onset, the northward movement of the south Asia high (SAH), the onset vortex occurrence, the eastward extension of the stronger tropical westerly belt, and the northeastward jump of the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH), etc. Consequently, since ISM sets up over Kerala, the whole Asian continent is covered by the upper SAH after about two weeks, while in the mid- and lower troposphere, a strong wind belt forms from the Arabian Sea via the southern India, BOB and the South china Sea (SCS), then along the western flank of WPSH, to the Yangtze River Valley and southern Japan. With the northward moving of the subtropical jet streams, the upper westerly jet stream and the low level jet have been coupled ver- tically over east Asia, while the Yangtze River Valley happens to locate in the ascending motion

关键词： Indian summer monsoon (ISM) the Meiyu over the Yangtze River Valley teleconnection mode

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邓小平新时期军队建设思想的伟大历史贡献

党的文献 2024年第4期 81-86页

作者： academy of Military sciences 中国人民解放军军事科学院

邓小平新时期军队建设思想,是新时期我们党领导筹划国防和军队现代化建设的根本依据和指导方针。邓小平科学判断战争与和平态势,实行国防和军队建设指导思想战略性转变,明确军队在国家大局中的定位与使命,探索和平时期军队建设新特点规... 详细信息

邓小平新时期军队建设思想,是新时期我们党领导筹划国防和军队现代化建设的根本依据和指导方针。邓小平科学判断战争与和平态势,实行国防和军队建设指导思想战略性转变,明确军队在国家大局中的定位与使命,探索和平时期军队建设新特点规律;调整积极防御的军事战略方针,将战略态势上的防御性同军事指导上的积极性统一起来,与时俱进创新军事战略指导;提出建设一支强大的现代化、正规化的革命军队总目标,指明人民军队建设发展的正确方向,为我军全面建设和长远发展提供行动纲领;坚定不移走中国特色精兵之路,科学处理军队建设中数量与质量的辩证关系,创新国防和军队建设发展模式。今天我们回顾和纪念邓小平的伟大军事贡献,关键是学习他在历史大转折时期领导筹划国防和军队现代化建设的新思路新方法,进而深入领会习近平主席在世界百年未有之大变局和中华民族伟大复兴战略全局交织激荡之际与时俱进带领全军进行的伟大理论创造和实践探索,坚定不移在习近平强军思想的科学指导下更加奋发有为地推进强军兴军事业。

关键词：邓小平新时期军队建设思想国防和军队现代化军事战略强军兴军

Interannual variation of annual precipitation and urban effect on precipitation in the Beijing region

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第9期17卷 1042-1050页

作者： Yu Shuqiu(State Key Laboratory on Severe Weather,chinese academy of meteorological {3.,Beijing 100081,china) State Key Laboratory on Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081， China

The large scale character of the interannual variation of precipitation and the urban effect on local annual precipitation anomaly are investigated in this paper based on the 1960-2000 annual precipitation observations at 20 stations in the Beijing *** results show that:the annual precipitation in the Beijing region possesses the large scale variation character with the linear trend of-1.197/10 yr,which corresponds to a total reduction of 27.82 mm in annual precipitation in the 41 years;the local annual precipitation anomalies(percent of the normal 1960-2000)show a positive center near the urban area,*** precipitation island(UPI),whose intensity increases with the linear trend of 0.6621%/10 yr,opposite to the interannual trend of large scale precipitation over the Beijing region;changes in the UPI are also associated with the intensity of synoptic processes of precipitation,and when the synoptic processes are strong(wet years),the intensity of UPI strengthens,while the synoptic processes are weak(dry years),and the UPI disappears in the Beijing region.

关键词： urban precipitation island effect interannual climate variation precipitation Beijing atmospheric science

Relationship between the Asian-Pacific oscillation and the tropical cyclone frequency in the western North Pacific

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Science china Earth sciences 2008年第3期51卷 380-385页

作者： ZHOU BoTao1, CUI Xuan2 & ZHAO Ping3.1 Laboratory for Climate Studies, National Climate Center, china meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, china 2 National meteorological Center, china meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, china 3.chinese academy of meteorological sciences, china meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, china 1. Laboratory for Climate Studies National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China 2. National meteorological Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China 3. chinese academy of meteorological {3. China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

The relationship between the Asian-Pacific oscillation (APO) and the tropical cyclone frequency over the western North Pacific (WNP) in summer is preliminarily investigated through an analysis of ob- served data. The result has shown clearly that APO is significantly and positively correlated to the tropical cyclone frequency in the WNP. If APO is above (below) the normal in summer, more (less) tropical cyclones will tend to appear in the WNP. The present study also addresses the large-scale at- mospheric general circulation changes underlying the linkage between APO and the WNP tropical cy- clone frequency. It follows that a positive phase of summer APO is concurrent with weakened as well as northward and eastward located western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH), low-level convergence and high-level divergence, and reduced vertical zonal wind shear in the WNP, providing favorable envi- ronment for the tropical cyclone genesis, and thus more tropical cyclones will come into being, and vice versa.

关键词： Asian-Pacific oscillation western North Pacific tropical cyclone atmospheric circulation

An integrative estimation model of summer rainfall-band patterns in china

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第3期17卷 280-288页

作者： WEI Fengying (State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, chinese academy of meteorological {3., Beijing 100081, china) State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China

Three variation indices are defined to objectively and quantitatively represent fluctuations of three rainfall-band patterns in summers in china for the period from 1951 to 2005, and the variation features of these indices are analyzed on both of interdecadal and interannual scales. A new method is proposed to establish an integrative estimation model based on the analysis of rainfall-band indices, and the model is applied to air, ocean factors to estimate their roles on variations of three rainfall-band patterns on different time-scales. The tests of estimation effects show that the fluctuations of three rainfall-band patterns are composed of variations on both significant inter-decadal and interannual scales, of which the interannual variation is mainly influenced by the Elnino/Lanina events, the East Asia monsoon and the ridge locations of subtropical high pressures in western pacific, while the interdecadal variation is mainly controlled by the Pacific decadal oscillation and interdecadal oscillations of the Arctic oscillation, ENSO, Nino3.sea surface temperature and summer monsoon. The estimated results from the integrative estimation model of rainfall-band patterns suggest that the way of estimation first according to each time scale of both the interdecadal and interannual scales, then estimating with an integration, which is proposed in this paper, has an obvious improvement on that without separation of time scales.

关键词： rainfall-band pattern interannual variation interdecadal variation integration estimation model.

A comparative analysis on two solar proton events

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chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第1期52卷 47-51页

作者： LE GuiMing1,2,3.4, HAN YanBen2 & ZHANG YiJun3.1 Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental Satellites, china meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, china 2 National Astronomical Observatories, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100012, china 3.chinese academy of meteorological sciences, china meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, china 4 National Center for Space Weather, china meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, china Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for EnvironmentalSatellites China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

This paper presents a comparative analysis on the two Solar Proton Events (SPE), which occurred on 14 July 2000 (Bastille Day) and 28 October 2003.(28OCT03. respectively. It is found that although the peak flux of the latter seemed to be greater than that of the former based on geostationary observations, the maximum intensities of the energetic protons (>10 MeV and 3. MeV) during the Bastille Day event were all higher than those of the 28OCT03.event according to the interplanetary observations. Further analysis indicated that the quantity of the seed particles, which could be accelerated to the energies exceeding 10 and 3. MeV by the Coronal Mass Ejection (CME)-driven shock on 14 July 2000, was far larger than that of the 28OCT03.event. In the Bastille Day case, when the CME approached to the height around 14 R⊙, the CME-driven shock would reach its maximum capacity in accelerating the solar en- ergetic protons (>100 MeV). In contrast, on 28 October 2003. when CME approached to the height about 58R⊙, the CME-driven shock reached its highest potential in accelerating the solar energetic protons of the same category. At this moment, the peak flux (>100 MeV) was about 155 pfu, which was much lower than 3.5 pfu measured on 14 July 2000. This demonstrated that in the Bastille Day event, the quantity of the seed particles, which could be accelerated to the energy beyond 100 MeV, was significantly larger than its counterpart in the 28OCT03.case. Therefore, the peak flux of an SPE event depends not only on the interplanetary intensity of the solar energetic particles, but also on the velocity of the associated CME-driven shock, and the quantity of the seed particles as well as on the interplanetary magnetic en- vironment. This paper also reveals that the magnetic sheath associated with ICME on 28 October 2003.captured a large number of solar energetic protons, including those having energy greater than 100 MeV.

关键词：太阳质子 CME 太阳耀斑太阳系

Responses of soil respiration in non-growing seasons to environmental factors in a maize agroecosystem,Northeast china

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chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第24期55卷 2723-2730页

作者： LI RongPing1,2,3. ZHOU GuangSheng1,4 & WANG Yu1,3.1 State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100093.{3. 2 Institute of Atmospheric Environment,{3. meteorological Administration, Shenyang 110016,{3. 3.Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100049,{3. 4 chinese academy of meteorological sciences, Beijing 100081,{3. State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China Institute of Atmospheric Environment China Meteorological Administration Shenyang 110016 China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China chinese academy of meteorological {3. Beijing 100081 China

Based on continuous three-year measurements (from 2004 to 2007) of eddy covariance and related environmental factors, environmental controls on variation in soil respiration (Rs) during non-growing season were explored in a maize agroecosystem in Northeast china. Our results indicated that during non-growing seasons, daily Rs was 1.08-4.08 g CO2 m-2 d-1, and the lowest occurred in late November. The average Rs of non-growing season was 456.06 ± 20.01 g CO2 m-2, accounting for 11% of the gross primary production (GPP) of the growing season. Additionally, at monthly scale, the lowest value of Rs appeared in January or February. From the beginning to the end of non-growing season, daily Rs tended to decrease first, and then increase to the highest. There was a significant quadratic curve relationship between Rs and soil temperature at 10 cm depth when soil temperature was more than 0°C (P3.%-70%. When soil water content was more than 0.1 m3.m-3. soil moisture at 10 cm depth was significantly parabolically correlated with Rs (P3.-79%. Meanwhile, the standard error of regression estimation between the values of prediction and observation for Rs could reach 2.7%-11.8%. Rs in non-growing season can account for 22.4% of Rs in growing season, indicating that it plays a critical role in assessing the carbon budget in maize agroecosystem, Northeast china.

关键词：中国东北地区农田生态系统生长季节土壤呼吸环境因素玉米土壤含水量反应

Possible mechanism of the effect of convection over Asian-Australian “land bridge” on the East Asian summer monsoon onset

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Science china Earth sciences 2006年第11期49卷 1223-1232页

作者： HE Jinhai1, WEN Min2, DING Yihui3.& ZHANG Renhe2 1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of meteorological Disaster (KLME), Nanjing Institute of Meteorology, Nanjing University of Informa- tion Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, china 2. State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather (LaSW), chinese {3. of meteorological sciences, Beijing 100081, china 3. National Climate Center, chinese meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, china 1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of meteorological Disaster (KLME) Nanjing Institute of Meteorology Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China 2. State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather (LaSW) Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China 3. National Climate Center Chinese Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

The Asian-Australian “land bridge” is an area with the most vigorous convection in Asian monsoon region in boreal spring, where the onset and march of convection are well associated with the onset of East Asian summer monsoon. The convection occurs over Indo-china Peninsula as early as mid-April, which exerts critical impact on the evolution of monsoon circulation. Before mid-April there are primarily sensible heatings to the atmosphere over Indo-china Peninsula and Indian Peninsula, so the apparent heating ratios over them decrease with height. However, after mid-April it changes into latent heating over Indo-china Peninsula due to the onset of convection, and the apparent heating ratio increases with height in mid- and lower troposphere. The vertical distribution of heating ratio and its differences between Indo-china Peninsula and Indian Peninsula are the key factors leading to the splitting of boreal subtropical high belt over the Bay of Bengal. Such mechanism is strongly supported by the fact that the evolution of the vertical heating ratio gradient above Indo-china Peninsula leads that of 850 hPa vorticity over the Bay of Bengal. Convections over Indo-china Peninsula and its surrounding areas further increase after the splitting. Since then, there is a positive feedback lying among the convective heating, the eastward retreat of the subtropical high and the march of monsoon, which is a possible mechanism of the advance of summer monsoon and convection from Indo-china Peninsula to South china Sea.

关键词： Asian-Australian 'land bridge', tropical convection, Indo-china Peninsula, the splitting of boreal subtropical high belt, East Asian summer monsoon onset.

Numerical experiments for the impacts of temperature and precipitation variation on the growth and development of winter wheat

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Journal of Environmental sciences 1993年第2期5卷 194-200页

作者： Zhang YuAgrometeorological Research Center, chinese academy of meteorological sciences, Beijing 100081, china Agrometeorological Research Center Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 10081 China. China

The growth process of winter wheat was simulated by CERES-wheat model assuming the daily temperature increase -1, 0,1, 2℃ and daily precipitation increase -20, -10, -5, 0, 5, 10, and 20 percent, respectively. The case study site is Zhenjiang City of Jiangsu Province in the east china. Simulation results show that the impacts of temperature variation on winter wheat is stronger than that of precipitation. Climate warming would speed development rate and shorten phonological period. In general, the adverse effect of climate change on grain yield is greater than that of its beneficial effect, especially when the climate becoming cooler and dryer. The increase of temperature and decrease of precipitation would reduce the plant extractablc soil water content.

关键词： climate change winter wheat CERES-wheat model.