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Thin bed responses and correction methods for cased hole density logging

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Petroleum Science 2008年第4期5卷 322-325页

作者： Wu Wensheng Zhang Yuling State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China china national logging corporation CNPC Beijing 100101 China

The study of the thin bed responses and correction methods in cased hole density logging can provide a theoretical basis for research to improve data processing methods. By using the Monte Carlo program MCNP, the change of detector count from thin beds with the vertical depth was calculated at different casing thicknesses. The calculation showed that with the low density thin bed moving upward, detector count first increased to a maximum then decreased. The responses of a thin bed with a high density were opposite to those of a thin bed with a low density. The change curve was symmetrical, and the maximums or minimums appeared at the midpoint between the detector and source. Besides, detector count increased with increasing thin bed thickness. At a specific thin bed thickness, further increase of thin bed thickness resulted in a slow increase of detector count then the count rate leveled off. In actual logging, the influence of adjacent formations on density log measurements can be ignored. Finally, based on numerical simulation correction methods for the dual influence of casing and thin beds are discussed.

关键词： Density logging in cased hole thin bed response casing MCNP program correcting

Exploration of Complicated Oil and Gas Fields

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1989年第1期63卷 65-77页

作者： Zhang Xiangning china national Oil & Gas Exploration & Development corporation, beijing Liu Linqun china national Oil & Gas Exploration & Development corporation Beijing

Complicated oil and gas fields occupy an important position in oil and gas exploration. In this paper, complicated oil and gas fields are grouped into four types: fault-block, lithologic, stratigraphic and fissure types. On the basis of the new theory of petroleum geological exploration in composite oil and gas accumulation areas within continental basins, a new exploration sequence suitable for complicated oil and gas fields has been established, which comprises four stages:(1) initial exploration;(2) preliminary exploration;(3) early step-by-step exploration and development: and(4) late step-by-step exploration and development. The idea of cybernetics has been taken to control various links of a systematic exploration project so as to fully, effectively and comprehensively utilize the new exploration techniques, eventually realizing the optimization of exploration with the aim of raising the efficiency of exploration of complicated oil and gas fields.

关键词： Pro test Exploration of Complicated Oil and Gas Fields

The migration fractionation: an important mechanism in the formation of condensate and waxy oil

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第14期45卷 1341-1344页

作者： ZHANG ShuichangKey Laboratory for Petroleum Geochemistry, china national Petroleum corporation, beijing 100083, china Key Laboratory for Petroleum Geochemistry China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing China

Fault-initiated pressure release within reservoirs and the injection of external excessive dry gas may result in occurrence of oil and gas phases. Because of different partitioning coefficients of compounds in two phase flow, lower-molecular-weight components are easier to dissolve in gas phase, yielding condensates, while higher-molecular-weight components are retained in the oil phase, yielding waxy oil cumulations. The fractionation process causes extensive compositional variability in aliphatic/aromatic hydrocarbon ratios, molecular compound distributions and carbon isotope ratios that are traditionally considered to be related to the source organic matter or the thermal maturity.

关键词： migration fractionation condensate waxy oil Lunnan oil zone.

A special intermediate-low temperature PGE-As-Co mineralization

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第S2期44卷 42-44页

作者： WANG Jingbin, WANG Yuwang and WANG Lijuan beijing Institute of Geology for Mineral Resources, china national Nonferrous Metal Industry corporation, beijing 100012 china Research Center of Mineral Resources Exploration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100101, china

THIS paper introduces a new type of platinum-group elements (PGE) mineralization formed under a special condition of intermediate to low temperature, i. e. Huanggang PGE-As-Co deposit related to cryptoex-plosive hornblendite, Inner Mongolia, of which the proven reserves of arsenic reached small size. 1 Geology of mineral district Huanggang PGE-As-Co deposit, located at the margin of Huanggang Mesozoic volcanic basin in thesouthern part of Da Hinggan Range, was controlled by both Huanggang-Ganzhuermiao deep fracture andvolcanic apparatus. The volcanic apparatus in a protruding cupola land-form is about 0.25 km^2. It wasfilled with rhyolitic volcanic breccia, brecciated tuff, subvolcanic dacite porphyry and brecciated lava ofvolcanic neck facies. The host hornblendite, of which Rb-Sr isochron age (bulk rock) is (90.66 ±14.44) Ma, intruded into the apparatus in the form of irregular dike (figure 1).

关键词： intermediate-low temperature PGE-As-Co mineralization Inner Mongolia.

Prediction of Hot Ductility of Low-Carbon Steels Based on BP Network

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Journal of University of Science and Technology beijing 2001年第3期8卷 182-184页

作者： Xinyu Liu, Bo Wen, Xinhua Wang, Qiang Niu, Hong Chen Key Lab of New Packaging Materials & Technology of china national Packaging corporation, Zhuzhou Engineering College, 412008, china University of Science & Technology beijing, beijing 100083, china Key Lab of New Packg. Mat. and Tech. China Nat. Packaging Corporation Zhuzhou Engineering College 412008 Zhuzhou China

The purpose of the research is to obtain an effective method to predict the hot ductility of low-carbon steels, which will be a reference to evaluate the crack sensitivity of steels. Several sub-networks modeled from BP network were constructed for different temperature use, and the measured reduction of area (A(R)) of 12 kinds of low-carbon steels under the temperature of 600 to 1000 degreesC were processed as training samples. The result of software simulation shows that the model established is relatively effective for predicting the hot ductility of steels.

关键词： BP network hot ductility crack sensitivity

A kind of coccoid dinoflagel-lates-like fossils gives a new explanation of source of dinosterane in the Early-Middle Cambrian

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第5期46卷 420-423,442页

作者： BIAN Lizeng, ZHANG Shuichang, ZHANG Baomin, MAO Shaozhi & YIN LeimingDepartment of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,china Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry, china national Petroleum corporation, beijing 100083, china Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, china national Petroleum corporation, beijing 100083, china china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083, china Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, china Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing China china University of Geosciences Beijing China Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China

The coccoid fossils covered with thick gelatinous envelop containing several gametes are discovered in gyps and salt deposits of Cambrian, H4 well and chert bed of the base of Yuertus Formation (∈11) of Xiaoerbulake Section. The fossils are described and compared with coccoid dinoflagellates. These fossils may be a coccoid life-cycle stage (vegetative cyst) of coccoid dinoflagellates. If this identification is correct, the coccoid dinoflagellates-like fossils could give a reasonable explanation of the dinoflagellate-specific biomarkers from Cambrian, H4 well, Tarim Basin.

关键词： coccoid dinoflagellates-like fossils dinoflagellate-specific biomarkers Cambrian Tarim Basin.

Numerical simulation of non-Archie electrophysical property of saturated rock with lattice Boltzmann method

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Petroleum Science 2009年第1期6卷 24-28页

作者： Yue Wenzheng Tao Guo Liu Dongming Yang Wendu State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Key Laboratory of Earth Prospecting and Information Technology China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Research Centre of Well logging CNPC Key Laboratory of Well Logging China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China CNPC logging Changqing Business Division Xi＇an Shaanxi 710201 China Sichuan Petroleum Administration logging Company Ltd. CNPC Chongqing 401147 China

The electrophysical property of saturated rocks is very important for reservoir identification and evaluation. In this paper, the lattice Boltzmann method （LBM） was used to study the electrophysical property of rock saturated with fluid because of its advantages over conventional numerical approaches in handling complex pore geometry and boundary conditions. The digital core model was constructed through the accumulation of matrix grains based on their radius distribution obtained by the measurements of core samples. The flow of electrical current through the core model saturated with oil and water was simulated on the mesoscopic scale to reveal the non-Archie relationship between resistivity index and water saturation （I-Sw）. The results from LBM simulation and laboratory measurements demonstrated that the I-Sw relation in the range of low water saturation was generally not a straight line in the log-log coordinates as described by the Archie equation. We thus developed a new equation based on numerical simulation and physical experiments. This new equation was used to fit the data from laboratory core measurements and previously published data. Determination of fluid saturation and reservoir evaluation could be significantly improved by using the new equation.

关键词： Non-Archie relation digital core model lattice Boltzmann method numerical simulation rock physical experiment

Decoding algorithms for shortened-extended turbo product codes in WiMAX systems

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Science in china(Series F) 2009年第12期52卷 2415-2423页

作者： XU ChangLong1,3,4, YANG Wei1,2 & YE WeiChen4 1 State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, beijing 100044, china 2 State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, beijing Jiaotong University, beijing 100044, china 3 national Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, china 4 Intel corporation, beijing Kerry Center, Guanghua Road 1, beijing 100020, china State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University national Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Sout

The component codes of turbo product codes in WiMAX systems are extended Hamming codes and single parity check codes as well as their shortened forms, In this paper, three novel iterative decoding algorithms based on Chase, MAP algorithms and their combination are proposed for shortened-extended turbo product codes. The iterative decoding algorithm based on Chase algorithm is proposed to reduce the decoding complexity without any performance loss. An efficient MAP algorithm is then proposed to decode the component codes of shortened single parity check codes and shortened-extended Hamming codes. A comprehensive performance comparison of the proposed decoding schemes is conducted for three typical classes of turbo product codes in WiMAX OFDMA systems. The suitable decoding algorithms are recommended for different classes based on the simulation results.

关键词： block code product code iterative decoding

A new alternating copolymerized derivative as a cold flow improver for diesel fuel

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Petroleum Science 2009年第1期6卷 82-85页

作者： ZHANG Haikuan LIU Hongyan WANG Shujun State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China china national Oil ＆ Gas Exploration and Development corporation China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing 100034 China

Synthesis of a cold flow improver （MAVA-a） for diesel fuel and its effect on solidifying point （SP） and cold filter plugging point （CFPP） of diesel fuels were investigated, The cold flow improver was prepared by using maleic anhydride （MA） and vinyl acetate （VA） as raw materials, toluene as solvent, dibenzoyl peroxide （BPO） as initiator, through alternating polymerization under nitrogen to obtain a binary-polymer and then through aminolysis by using a higher carbon amine as aminating agent at a temperature of 80 ℃. A cold flow improver was designed and prepared for No. 0 diesel fuel from Zhang Jia-Gang Petrochemical Company according to the contents of n-paraffin and its carbon number distribution in the No. 0 diesel fuel. It was also used together with two kinds of ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer improvers （EVA） separately. The test result showed that the CFPP of the No. 0 diesel fuel could be lowered by 3-5 ℃ when the improver MAVA-a was used. The CFPP was lowered by 8℃ when the improver MAVA-a was used together with EVA-2.

关键词： Cold flow improver solidifying point cold filter plugging point copolymer amination