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Efficient computation of the compositional model for gas condensate reservoirs

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Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 2000年第4期5卷 141-146页

作者： Jifu ZHOU, Jiachun LI and Jigen YE (institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100080, china The research institute of petroleum exploration and Development, beijing 100083, china) (Received December 2, 2000) institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Res. Inst. Petrol. Explor./Devmt. Beijing 100083 China

In this paper, a direct method, unsymmetric-pattern multifrontal factorization, for a large sparse system of linear equations is applied in the compositional reservoir model. The good performances of this approach are shown by solving the Poisson equation. And then the numerical module is embedded in the compositional model for simulating X15(3) gas condensate reservoir in KeKeYa gas field, Northwest china. The results of oil/gas reserves, variations of stratum pressure and oil/gas production, etc. are compared with the observation Good agreement comparable to COMP4 model is achieved, suggesting that the present model is both efficient and powerful in compositional reservoir simulations.

关键词： gas condensate reservoir compositional model sparse matrix

Geochemical characteristics and origin of gases from the Upper,Lower Paleozoic and the Mesozoic reservoirs in the Ordos Basin,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 183-194页

作者： HU AnPing 1 ,Li Jian 2 ,ZHANG WenZheng 3 ,LI ZhiSheng 2 ,HOU Lu 4 &LIU QuanYou 5 1 Department of Earth Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,china 2 Langfang Branch,Reasearch institute of petroleum exploration and Development,Petrochina,Langfang 065007,china 3 institute of exploration and Development,Petrochina Changqing Oilfield Company,Xi’an 710021,china 4 University of petroleum,beijing102249,china 5 Petrochina research institute of petroleum exploration and Development,beijing 100083,china 1. Department of Earth Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China2. Langfang Branch Reasearch Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Langfang 065007 China3. Institute of Exploration and Development PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company Xi’an 710021 China4. University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China5. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083 China

The Ordos Basin,the second largest sedimentary basin in china,contains the broad distribution of natural gas *** far,several giant gas fields have been discovered in the Upper and Lower Paleozoic in this basin,each having over 1000×10 8 m 3 of proven gas reserves,and several gas pools have also been discovered in the *** paper collected the data of natural gases and elucidated the geochemical characteristics of gases from different reservoirs,and then discussed their *** hydrocarbons preserved in the Upper Paleozoic,the elevatedδ13C values of methane,ethane and propane indicate that the gases would be mainly coal-formed gases;the singular reversal in the stable carbon isotopes of gaseous alkanes suggests the mixed gases from humic sources with different *** the Lower Paleozoic,theδ13C 1 values are mostly similar with those in the Upper Paleozoic,but theδ13C 2 andδ13C 3 values are slightly lighter,suggesting that the gases would be mixing of coal-type gases as a main member and oil-type *** are multiple reversals in carbon isotopes for gaseous alkanes,especially abnormal reversal for methane and ethane(i.e.δ13C 1 >δ13C 2 ),inferring that gases would be mixed between high-mature coal-formed gases and oil-type *** the Mesozoic,the δ13Cvalues for gaseous alkanes are enriched in 12C,indicating that the gases are mainly derived from sapropelic sources;the carbon isotopic reversal for propane and butane in the Mesozoic is caused by microbial oxidation and mixing of gases from sapropelic sources with different *** contrast to the Upper Paleozoic gases,the Mesozoic gases are characterized by heavier carbon isotopes of iso-butane than normal butane,which may be caused by gases generated from different kerogen types. Finally,according toδ13C 1 -Ro relationship and extremely low total organic carbon contents,the Low Paleozoic gases would not be generated from the Ordovician source as a main gas source,bycontrast, the Upper Pale

关键词： Ordos Basin natural gas chemical composition carbon isotope genesis

TTHE METHODOLOGY OF petroleum DEVELOPMENT GEOLOGY(Ⅲ)

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石油勘探与开发 1996年第4期 78-82页

作者： Qiu Yinan (research institute of petroleum exploration and Development, CNPC, beijing, 100083, P.R.china)

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Neutron and density logging responses to gas reservoir for well-balanced and under-balanced logging:Gas reservoirs of sandstone in a western china field

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 201-206页

作者： WU WenSheng1,XIAO LiZhi1 & ZHANG LongHai2 1 Resource & Information Department,china University of petroleum,beijing 102249,china 2 research institute of petroleum exploration and Development,Petrochina,beijing 100083,china china Univ Petr Resource & Informat Dept Beijing 102249 Peoples R China Petrochina Res Inst Petr Explorat & Dev Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

Studying the response differences between neutron and density logging of gas reservoir for well-balanced and under-balanced logging will be of significance in evaluation of gas reservoir under the under-balanced condition and application of logging data. With Monte Carlo simulation technique,the paper obtains the relationship between neutron and density logging measurement and borehole di-ameter,porosity or gas saturation for well-balanced and under-balanced logging. The conclusions show that the response trend of under-balanced logging to gas reservoirs agrees with that of well-balanced logging with small borehole,and under-balanced logging data can be used usually as well-balanced logging data. When borehole diameter is large,under-balanced logging data should be corrected for the influences of borehole.

关键词： under-balanced logging density logging neutron logging gas reservoir response

Alkaline diagenesis and its genetic mechanism in the Triassic coal measure strata in the Western Sichuan Foreland Basin,china

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petroleum Science 2009年第4期6卷 354-365页

作者： Jiang Zaixing Qiu Longwei Chen Guiju College of Energy China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China College of Earth Resources and Information China University of PetroleumShandong 257062China sinopec exploration and production research institute Beijing 100083China

The reservoir of the upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation (T3x) in the Western Sichuan Foreland Basin is a set of terrigenous clastic rocks in an environment of coal measure sediments. Diagenesis greatly controls the physical properties of the reservoir through different responses of minerals to acidic and alkaline diagenetic environment. The dissolution of unstable components such as feldspar, rock fragments, carbonate cement, and clay minerals is the major source of secondary pores under acidic diagenesis, while the dissolution of quartz increases the reservoir space in the fault-fold zone of Longmen Mountain and Leikoupo paleo-hills. The dissolution of quartz is a result of cross-formation flow of fluid in the Himalaya epoch and the invasion of alkaline formation water from the Triassic Leikoupo and Jialingjiang formations through fault and fracture systems. In the vertical succession, acidic dissolution occurs at a shallow depth of less than 2,180 m, and alkaline dissolution occurs at a greater depth of more than 2,280 m. The reservoir space is formed by the influence of both acidic and alkaline dissolution in the depth interval of 2,180–2,280 m.

关键词： Sichuan Basin upper Triassic alkaline diagenesis porosity genetic mechanism

THE METHODOLOGY OF petroleum DEVELOPMENT GEOLOGY(Ⅱ)

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石油勘探与开发 1996年第3期 93-96页

作者： Qiu Yinan (research institute of petroleum exploration and Development, CNPC, beijing, 100083, P. R. china)

ＴＨＥＭＥＴＨＯＤＯＬＯＧＹＯＦＰＥＴＲＯＬＥＵＭＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＭＥＮＴＧＥＯＬＯＧＹ（Ⅱ）￥ＱｉｕＹｉｎａｎ（ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＰｅｔｒｏｌｅｕｍＥｘｐｌｏｒａｔｉｏｎａｎｄＤｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎ...

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Geochemical characteristics of abiogenic alkane gases

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petroleum Science 2009年第4期6卷 327-338页

作者： Yunyan Ni Jinxing Dai Petrochina Res Inst Petr Explorat & Dev Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

Recently abiogenic alkanes have been found in various locations in the world and other celestial bodies. The chemical composition of abiogenic alkane gases varies widely. The content of methane is low and nearly no C2+ is found in the abiogenic alkane gases from fluid inclusions in volcanic rocks or hot springs in china. In the unsedimented submarine hydrothermal vent system C1/C2+ ratios are much greater than those for the thermogenic gases, mostly >800 and in some cases up to 8,000. In the Songliao Basin, china, C1/C2+ of some abiogenic gases are often less than 150. Abiogenic alkane gases which have been found in nature often have carbon isotopic reversal among C1–C4 alkanes (δ13C1>δ13C2>δ13C3>δ13C4), whereas both regular and reversed hydrogen isotope distribution pattern among C1–C4 alkanes have been reported. The δ13C of abiogenic methane is mainly greater than ?30‰ though laboratory synthesized methane can have δ13C as low as ?57‰, and its δD1 values vary widely and overlap with biogenic gases. High 3He/4He ratios often indicate the addition of mantle-derived helium and are related to abiogenic gases. However, some biogenic gases can also have high 3He/4He ratios up to 8. The CH4/3He end-member is often lower than 106 for abiogenic alkane gases while greater than 1013 for biogenic gases, and the values between these two end-members often reflect the mixing of biogenic and abiogenic gases.

关键词： Abiogenic origin alkane gas carbon isotopic reversal trend geochemical characteristics

Geochemical characteristics and source rock of Ordovician gas reservoir, Changqing Gasfield

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第20期44卷 1917-1920页

作者： XIA Xinyu, ZHAO Lin, ZHANG Wenzheng and LI Jianfengresearch institute of petroleum exploration and Development, beijing 100083, china Changqing petroleum exploration Bureau, XL an 710021 , china research institute of petroleum exploration and Development Beijing China Changqing petroleum exploration Bureau Xi’an China

Carbon isotopic composition of methane in Ordovician gas reservoir in the Changqing Gasfield can reflect the dominance of Upper Paleozoic coal-type gas despite its high mature degree. The 12C-rich ethane in the Ordovician reservoir (δ13C2 < - 29‰), known as a marker as oil-type gas, does not indicate the Ordovician marine carbonate as main source rock, it is be-

关键词： methane ethane carbon isotope natural gas genesis. Changqing Gasfield.

Effects of abnormally high heat stress on petroleum in reservoir——An example from the Tazhong 18 Well in the Tarim Basin

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第4期51卷 515-527页

作者： ZHU DongYa1, JIN ZhiJun1, HU WenXuan2 & ZHANG XueFeng3 1 petroleum exploration and production institute, china petroleum & Chemical Corporation, beijing 100083, china 2 Department of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, china 3 School of Resource and Information, china University of petroleum, beijing 102249, china petroleum exploration and production institute China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation Beijing China Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China School of Resource and Information China University of Petroleum Beijing China

An igneous intrusion of 94m thick was discovered intruding into the Silurian sandstone from Tazhong 18 Well. The petroleum previously preserved in the Silurian sandstone reservoir was altered into black carbonaceous bitumen by abnormally high heat stress induced by the igneous intrusion. The reflec-tance of the carbonaceous bitumen reaches as high as 3.54%, indicating that the bitumen had evolved into a high thermal evolution level. Similar to the Silurian samples from the neighboring Tazhong 11, Tazhong 12, Tazhong 45 and Tazhong 47 wells, the distribution of C27, C28 and C29 steranes of the car-bonaceous bitumen is still "V" -shaped and can still be employed as an efficient parameter in oil source correlation. The "V" -shaped distribution indicates that the hydrocarbons from the Tazhong 18 and the neighboring wells were all generated from the Middle-Upper Ordovician hydrocarbon source rocks. However, the oil source correlation parameters associated with and terpanes had been changed greatly by the high heat stress and can no longer be used in oil source correlation. The δ 13C values of the pe-troleum from the neighboring wells are between -32.53‰ and -33.37‰, coincident with those of the Paleozoic marine petroleum in the Tarim Basin. However, the δ 13C values of the carbonaceous bitumen from the Tazhong 18 Well are between -27.18‰ and -29.26‰, isotopically much heavier than the pe-troleum from the neighboring wells. The content of light hydrocarbons (nC14-nC20) of the saturated hydrocarbon fraction in the carbonaceous bitumen is extremely higher than the content of heavy hy-drocarbons. The light/heavy hydrocarbon ratios (ΣnC21-/ΣnC22+) are between 4.56 and 39.17. In the saturated fraction, the even numbered hydrocarbons are predominant to the odd numbered, and the OEP (Odd to Even Predominance) values are between 0.22 and 0.49. However, the content of light hy-drocarbons in the petroleum from the neighboring wells is relatively low and the content of the even numb

关键词： Tarim Basin igneous intrusive abnormally high heat stress bitumen carbon isotope PAH