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Observation results of relativistic electrons detected by Fengyun-1 satellite and analysis of relativistic electron enhancement (REE) events

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第12期51卷 1947-1956页

作者： YANG XiaoChao1,2. & WANG ShiJin1 1 Center for Space Science and Applied Research, Chinese academy of sciences. {2. 100190, china 2.graduate university of Chinese academy of sciences. {2. 100049, china 1. Center for Space Science and Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China 2. graduate university of Chinese {2. of sciences Beijing 100049 China

The space particle component detector on Fengyun-1 satellite which works at the sun-synchronous orbit of about 870 km altitude has detected relativistic electrons for a long time. In comparison with the SAMPEX satellite observations during 1999–2.04, the relativistic electron data from Fengyun-1 satellite from June 1999 to 2.05 are used to analyze the relativistic electron enhancement (REE) events at the low earth orbit, and the possible correlation among REE events at the low earth orbit, high-speed solar wind and geomagnetic storms is discussed. The statistical result presents that 45 REE events are found in total during this time period, and the strong REE events with the maximum daily average flux > 400 cm?2.srt-1·s?1 occur mostly during the transition period from solar maximum to solar minimum. Among these 45 REE events, four strong REE events last a longer time period from 2.-to 51-day and correlate closely with high speed solar wind and strong geomagnetic storms. Meanwhile, several strong geomagnetic storms occur continuously before these REE events, and these continuous geomagnetic storms would be an important factor causing these long-lasting strong REE events. The correlation analysis for overall 45 events indicates that the strength of the REE events correlates with the solar wind speed and the strength of the geomagnetic storm, and the correlation for strong REE events is much stronger than that for weak REE events.

关键词： relativistic electron enhancement low earth orbit high-speed solar wind geomagnetic storm

Applications of URANS on predicting unsteady turbulent separated flows

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2009年第3期25卷 319-324页

作者： Jinglei Xu Huiyang Ma Department of Physics, graduate university of the Chinese {2. of sciences. 100049 beijing, china Department of Physics Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 Beijing China

Accurate prediction of unsteady separated turbulent flows remains one of the toughest tasks and a practi cal challenge for turbulence modeling. In this paper, a 2. flow past a circular cylinder at Reynolds number 3,900 is numerically investigated by using the technique of unsteady RANS （URANS）. Some typical linear and nonlinear eddy viscosity turbulence models （LEVM and NLEVM） and a quadratic explicit algebraic stress model （EASM） are evaluated. Numerical results have shown that a high-performance cubic NLEVM, such as CLS, are superior to the others in simulating turbulent separated flows with unsteady vortex shedding.

关键词： URANS Nonlinear eddy viscosity turbulencemodel ,Separated flows Circular cylinder

Ionization state of cosmic hydrogen by early stars and quasars

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2009年第6期9卷 665-681页

作者： Xiao-Chun Mao1,2.1 National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese academy of sciences. {2. 100012. china 2.graduate university of Chinese academy of sciences. {2. 100049, china National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China graduate university of Chinese {2. of sciences Beijing 100049 China

Cosmic hydrogen is reionized and maintained in its highly ionized state by the ultraviolet emission attributed to an early generation of stars and quasars. The Lyα opacity observed in absorption spectra of high-redshift quasars permits more stringent constraints on the ionization state of cosmic hydrogen. Based on density perturbation and structure formation theory, we develop an analytic model to trace the evolution of the ionization state in the post-overlap epoch of reionization, in which the bias factor is taken into account. For quasars, we represent an improved luminosity function by utilizing a hybrid approach for the halo formation rate that is in reasonable agreement with the published measurements at 2.≤ z ≤ 6. Comparison with the classic Press-Schechter mass function of dark matter halos, we demonstrate that the biased mass distribution indeed enhances star formation efficiency in the overdense environment by more than 2. per cent following the overlap of ionized bubbles. In addition, an alternative way is introduced to derive robust estimates of the mean free path for ionizing photons. In our model, star-forming galaxies are likely to dominate the ionizing background radiation beyond z = 3, and quasars contribute equally above a redshift of z ～ 2.5. From 5 ≤ z ≤ 6, the lack of evolution in photoionization rate can thus be explained by the relatively flat evolution in star formation efficiency, although the mean free path of ionizing photons increases rapidly. Moreover, in the redshift interval z ～ 2.- 6, the expected mean free path and Gunn-Peterson optical depth obviously evolve by a factor of ～ 500 and ～50 respectively. We find that the relative values of critical overdensities for hydrogen ionization and collapse could be 430% at z ≈2.and 2. at z ≈6, suggesting a rapid overlap process in the overdense regions around instant quasars following reionization. We further illustrate that the absolute estimates of the fraction of neutral hydrogen computed fr

关键词： cosmology theory -- formation galaxies -- quasars general -- diffuse radiation -- intergalactic medium

Research on the method for retrieving soil moisture using thermal inertia model

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Science china Earth sciences 2006年第5期49卷 539-545页

作者： LIU Zhenhua1 & ZHAO Yingshi2.1. Information College, South china Agricultural university, Guangzhou 510642. china 2. graduate university of Chinese academy of sciences. beijing 100049, china 1. Information College South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China 2. graduate university of Chinese {2. of sciences Beijing 100049 China

In order to improve accuracy of soil moisture inversion using remote sensing, a new thermal inertia model is proposed in this paper. The improved model needs only surface maximum temperature as the temperature parameter input instead of input of the surface temperature difference, as well as the surface sensible and latent fluxes are introduced into boundary conditions of thermal conductivity equation. Furthermore, surface soil conductive heat transfer equation of two-layer model is used to solve the soil thermal inertia so that the remote sensing thermal inertia method can be ap- plied to regions with better-covered vegetation, but usually only for the bare areas or worse vegetation covered areas. The model has been tested at several locations in the area of west Inner Mongolia. Comparing the simulation of the new model with the measurements obtained by apparent thermal inertia and by field test, the result shows that the inertia thermal model can be used to estimate soil moisture in more reasonable accuracy.

关键词： thermal model, thermal conductivity equation, soil initial, sensible flux, latent flux, two-layer model.

Strong decays of N~*(1535) in an extended chiral quark model

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2009年第10期52卷 1452-1457页

作者： AN ChunSheng1,2.3 & ZOU BingSong1,2.3 1 Institute of High Energy Physics,Chinese academy of sciences.{2. 100049,china 2.Theoretical Physics Center for Science Facilities,Chinese academy of sciences.{2. 100049,china 3 graduate university of Chinese academy of sciences.{2. 100049,china Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Theoretical Physics Center for Science Facilities Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China graduate university of Chinese {2. of sciences Beijing 100049 China

The strong decays of the N*(1535) resonance are investigated in an extended chiral quark model by including the low-lying $ qqqq\bar q $ components in addition to the qqq component. The results show that these five-quark components in N*(1535) contribute significantly to the N*(1535) → Nπ and N*(1535) → Nη decays. The contributions to the Nη decay come from both the lowest energy and the next-tolowest energy five-quarks components, while the contributions to the Nπ decay come from only the latter one. Taking these contributions into account, the description for the strong decays of N*(1535) is improved, especially for the puzzling large ratio of the decays to Nη and Nπ.

关键词： N*(1535) strong decays five-quark components

Infrared Galaxies in the Nearby Universe

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Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2008年第6期8卷 643-652页

作者： Jian-Ling Wang 1 National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese academy of sciences.{2. 100012.china 2.graduate School of Chinese academy of sciences.{2. 100049,china National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China graduate School of Chinese academy of {2. Beijing 100049 China

We used the Sloan Digital Sky Survey （SDSS） Data Release 5 （DR5） to study the morphological properties of 1137 nearby infrared （IR） galaxies, most of which are brighter than 15.9 mag in r-band. This sample was drawn from a cross-correlation of the Infra-Red Astronomical Satellite （IRAS） point source catalog redshift survey with DR5 at z ≤ 0.08. Based on this IR galaxy sample, we constructed five volume-limited sub-samples with IR luminosity ranging from 10^9.5 L⊙ to 10^12.⊙. By deriving the IR luminosity functions （LF） for different morphological types, we found that normal spiral galaxies are the dominant population below LIR ~ 8 ~ 10^10 L⊙; while the fraction of barred spiral galaxies increases with increasing IR luminosity and becomes dominant in spiral galaxies beyond LIR ≈ 5 × 10^10L⊙. As the IR luminosity decreases, the IR galaxies become more compact and have lower stellar masses. The analysis also shows that normal spiral galaxies give the dominant contribution to the total comoving IR energy density in the nearby universe, while, in contrast, the contribution from peculiar galaxies is only 39%.

关键词： galaxies evolution galaxies interactions galaxies starburst infrared galaxies galaxies luminosity function

Narrow line Seyfert 1 galaxies: where are the broad line regions?

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2010年第12期53卷 2307-2311,2339-2343页

作者： MAO WeiMing 1,2.3 , HU Chen 2., WANG JianMin 2., BIAN WeiHao 4 , ZHANG Shu 2.& ZHAO Gang 1 1 Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese academy of sciences. {2. 100012. china 2.Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese academy of sciences. {2. 100049, china 3 graduate university of the Chinese academy of sciences. {2. 100049, china 4 Department of Physics, Nanjing Normal university, Nanjing 2.0011, china 1. Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100012 China2. Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China3. Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China4. Department of Physics Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210011 China

A sample consisting of 2.1 narrow line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s) with high quality spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) is selected to explore where broad line regions are in these objects. We find that the Hβ profile can be fitted well by three (narrow, intermediate and broad) Gaussian components, and the FWHM ratios of the broad to the intermediate components hold a constant of 3.0 roughly for the entire sample. If the broad components originate from the region scaled by the well-determined Hβ reverberation mapping relation, we find that the intermediate components originate from the inner edge of the torus, which is scaled by dust K-band reverberation. We find that the IC and the BC are strongly linked dynamically, but the relation of their covering factors is much more relaxed, implying that both regions are clumpy.

关键词： black hole physics galaxies: evolution quasars: general

Compositions of heavy minerals in Northeastern china sandlands and provenance analysis

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Science china Earth sciences 2007年第11期50卷 1715-1723页

作者： XIE Jing1,2.& DING ZhongLi1 1 Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese academy of sciences. {2. 10002., china 2.graduate university of Chinese academy of sciences. {2. 100049, china 1. Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China 2. graduate university of Chinese {2. of sciences Beijing 100049 China

Sand samples deposited since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) from the Hulun Buir, Horqin and Otin-dag sandlands were measured for their assemblages of heavy minerals and chemical compositions of detrital garnets and tourmalines. Heavy mineral assemblages of these three sandlands consist mainly of garnet, ilmenite, epidote and minor amphibole and magnetite. Garnets consist mainly of high Mg type-A ones (58% on average), and minor type-B ones. Toumalines are mainly composed of Mg-rich and minor Fe-rich ones. Compared with those of central-southern Mongolia and central Tarim, these three sandlands are derived from the Phanerozoic rocks of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt and the Archean and Paleoprotorozoic basement rocks of the North china Craton. Our results provide direct evidence that the present-day sands may be reworked from LGM ones. Differences of heavy mineral composi-tions occur between the samples of the three sandlands and Taklimakan Desert, indicating that the material of the western arid regions contributes little to the eastern sandlands.

关键词： heavy minerals,provenance,Northeastern china,garnet,tourmaline

Structure of augmentation quotients of finite homocyclic abelian groups

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Science china Mathematics 2007年第9期50卷 1280-1288页

作者： Guo-ping TANG School of Mathematical sciences.graduate {2. of Chinese academy of sciences.beijing 100049,china 1. School of Mathematical sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Let G be a finite abelian group and its Sylow p-subgroup a direct product of copies of a cyclic group of order p r , i.e., a finite homocyclic abelian group. Let Δ n (G) denote the n-th power of the augmentation ideal Δ(G) of the integral group ring ?G. The paper gives an explicit structure of the consecutive quotient group Q n (G) = Δ n (G)/Δ n+1(G) for any natural number n and as a consequence settles a problem of Karpilovsky for this particular class of finite abelian groups.

关键词： integral group ring augmentation ideal consecutive quotient of augmentation ideal 16S34 2.C05