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Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of the Changjiang sediments: Implications for tracing sediment sources

Science china Earth Sciences 2007年第10期50卷 1556-1565页

作者： YANG ShouYe1?, JIANG ShaoYong2, LING HongFei2, XIA XiaoPing3, SUN Min3 & WANG DeJie4 1 State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, china 2 State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposit research, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, china 3 Departmen of Earth Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, china 4 development research center, china geological survey, beijing 100083, china State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposit research Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Departmen of Earth Sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China development research center China Geological Survey Beijing 100083 China

The suspended particulate and fine-grained floodplain sediments were collected from the main stream and tributaries of the Changjiang River for Sr-Nd isotopic measurements. The εNd(0) values gradually decrease downstream from -10.8 on average in the upper reaches to -12.3 in the lower reaches, whereas the 87Sr/86Sr ratios increase correspondingly, averaging 0.721899 and 0.725826 respectively in the upper and middle-lower reaches. The compositional variations primarily reflect the complex con- trols of provenance rocks, chemical weathering, and sediment characters between different catchments, among which the abnormal Sr-Nd isotopic compositions of the Yalong, Fujiang, Tuojiang and Yuanjiang rivers indicate the sediment provenance contributions from the Emeishan Basalt in the upper reaches and the old metamorphic and siliceous rocks in the middle-lower reaches. The Sr-Nd isotopic ratios of the Changjiang sediments can better reflect the average composition of weathered continental crust compared to other major rivers in the world because of the unique source rock types in the Changjiang drainage basin. The recognition of the Sr-Nd isotopic systematics of the Changjiang sediments will contribute to our understanding of the Changjiang evolution history and continental weathering processes during the Cenozoic, and also to reconstructing the paleoenvironmental changes in East china and the marginal seas.

关键词： Sr-Nd isotopes, sediment, Changjiang River, source rock, provenance

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Natural gas origins of large and medium-scale gas fields in china sedimentary basins

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 1-13页

作者： ZHANG ShuiChang &ZHU GuangYou research center of research Institutes of Petrochina Exploration and development,beijing 100083,china research center of research Institutes of Petrochina Exploration and development

china sedimentary basins present abundant natural gas resource thanks to its unique geological *** highly-matured hydrocarbon source rocks,widespread coal-measure strata and low temperature Quaternary saline strata,etc.,indicate the wide foreground of china natural gas resources. Up to now,most of the petroliferous basins have been discovered to have wholesale natural gas accumulation from Precambrian,Paleozoic,Mesozoic to Cenozoic in the east,the central,the west and the coast of *** large and medium-scale gas reservoirs are mainly composed of hydrocarbon gas with big dry coefficient,tiny non-hydrocarbon,wide carbon isotope distribution and varying origin types,the hydrocarbon gas includes coal-formed gas,oil-formed gas,biogenic gas and inorganic gas, ***-formed gas is the main type of china natural gas resources,in particular several explored large-scale gas fields(>100 billion cubic meter)of Kela 2,Sulige and Daniudi,etc.,they all belong to coal-formed gas fields or the gas fields consisting mostly of coal-formed ***-formed gas is also abundant in china marine basins,for example marine natural gas of Sichuan Basin generated from crude oil cracking *** and secondary biogenic gas fields were discovered respectively in the Qaidam Basin and Western Slope of Songliao *** addition,inorganic gases are mainly distributed in the eastern china,in particular the Songliao Basin with abundant carbon dioxide accumulation,indicating that the eastern china present large exploration potential of inorganic gas.

关键词： natural gas origin sedimentary basin large and medium-scale gas field

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development of geological Science in china in the Twentieth Century

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Journal of Earth Science 2000年第3期19卷 3-9页

作者： Wang Hongzhen Zhai Yusheng You Zhendong china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083, china Shi Baoheng china National Petroleum Corporation, beijing 100724, china Yang Weiran Yang Guangrong china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083

In the present stage of accelerated development of science and technology at the turn of the century it may be deemed that the geological science in china is destined to prosper, as viewed from the increasing society needs, the scientific problems and the basic technological background provided by the society, the three basic elements for the development of science. Owing to the sagacity and foresight of the founders of geology in china, Chinese geological research had already won a world fame in 1920s to 1930s. From the 1950s to 1970s the geological science in china had undergone a rapid development. From the end of 1970s onwards the geological science in china had undergone an overall development. With the acceptance of the new concept of Earth System Science by the majority of geologists, all branches of geological studies will merge into a comprehensive and coordinate research and the geological science in china will be facing an entirely new stage of development in the 21st century.

关键词： geological science development china.

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Lithosphere types in North china:Evidence from geology and geophysics

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第11期48卷 1809-1827页

作者： QIU Ruizhao1,2, DENG Jinfu3, ZHOU Su3, LI Jinfa4, XIAO Qinghui1,5, WU Zongxu6 & LIU Cui3 1. Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of geological Sciences, beijing 100037, china 2. development and research center, china geological survey, beijing 100037, china 3. china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083, china 4. china University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, china 5. Information center of Ministry of Land and Resources, beijing 100812, china 6. Institute of Geology, State Seismological Bureau, beijing 100029, china Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing China development and research center China Geological Survey Beijing China china University of Geosciences Beijing China china University of Geosciences Wuhan China Information center of Ministry of Land and Resources Beijing China Institute of Geology State Seismological Bureau Beijing China

On the basis of the characteristics of geology and geophysics in North china, three types of lithosphere, namely, the cratonic, the orogenic and the rift lithospheres can be classified. In terms of petrological method (based on the information from Precambrian rock assemblages, igneous activities, deep-seated enclaves, etc.) and the relationship between seismic velocity and rock compositions, the crust-mantle petrological and chemical structure models can be set up. researching results indicate that the geology and geophysics of North china platform bears the similar characteristics in comparison with those of the global typical cratons. The Eerduosi(Ordos) block located in the west of the North china Platform is a remnant of cratonic lithosphere after the North china platform had undergone “activation” in Mesozoic and “reconstruction” in Cenozoic times. The continental crust consists mainly of TTG rock assemblage while the subcontinental lithosphere mantle mainly consists of strongly depleted harzburgite. The craton was finally formed in late Archaean and early Proterozoic, and has been kept in stability up to present; its crustal-mantle petrological structures of lithosphere can be set up as a reference for the study of North china craton and even Sino-Korean craton. In the Mesozoic period, the middle and east areas of North china platform were activated in the Yanshanian orogenic process, the continental crust was reformed by material and heat-transfer of convective mantle and the original crustal TTG component was reconstructed to be granitic crust, and the subcontinental lithosphere man- tle was replaced by the Yanshanian harzburgite-lherzolite. The Yanshan-Taihang Mountains were the remnants of orogenic lithosphere after the rifting in eastern North china in Cenozoic. The present thickness of continental crust and lithosphere in the Yanshan-Taihang Mountains is not equal to their thickness during the Yanshanian orogenic movement because they had undergone the

关键词： lithospheric types,evidence of geology and geophysics,crust-mantle petrological structure,deep process

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geological characteristics of large gas provinces and large gas fields in china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 14-35页

作者： ZOU CaiNeng &TAO ShiZhen research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and development,Petrochina,beijing 100083,china research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and development PetroChina Beijing China

Based on the examination of the global researches on oil and gas provinces and large gas fields and the analysis of the features,attributes and distribution of large gas provinces and gas fields,this paper puts forward three indicators of determining large oil and gas provinces:spatial indicator,reservoir-forming indicator and resource *** classifies the gas accumulated areas and large gas provinces in china and analyzes the controlling factors on the distribution of large gas provinces and large gas fields:the lateral distribution is mainly controlled by high-energy sedimentary facies and constructive diagenetic facies,palaeo-highs and their periclinal zones,deep faults,etc,and the vertical distribution is mainly controlled by unconformities,series of evaporates and deep low-velocity highly-conductive beds,*** also reveals the main geological characteristics of large gas provinces and large gas fields in *** gas fields in four-type basins have their own characteristics and onland large gas fields are dominantly developed in foreland basins and craton basins;there are three types of gas sources,of which,coal is the main source with high gas generating intensity and varying origins;reservoir rocks of the large gas fields(provinces)are of various types and dominated generally by low-middle permeability and porosity pore-type reservoirs;structural traps and litho-stratigraphic traps coexist in Chinese large gas fields and form dense high abundance and large-area low and middle-abundance large gas fields;most of the large gas fields have late hydrocarbon-generation peaks and reservoir formation,and experienced the process of multiple-stage charging and late finalization; large gas provinces(fields)have good sealing and preservation conditions,and evaporates seals are largely developed in large and extra-large gas *** paper intends to shed light on the exploration and development of large gas fields(provinces)through analyzing their geological

关键词： large gas province large gas field indicator of large oil and gas provinces forming condition distribution characteristics geological feature

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New Institutional Mechanism in china Facilitating the Global Sustainability——Environment to Be Counted in Officials' Performance Rating

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2004年第4期2卷 49-52页

作者： Ren Jingming Wang Rusong research center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Science, beijing 100085, china development research center of Chinese geological survey, beijing 100037, china research center for Eco-Environmental Science Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100085 China development research center of Chinese geological survey Beijing 100037 China

Having argued the importance of china's sustainable development in global sustainability, the authors review the achievements of china in sustainable development, especially its institutional construction. Environment to be counted in official's political performance rating system is thought of as a new institutional mechanism in china facilitating its sustainable development and then global sustainability. Then its significance is narrated and visions in future are envisioned. In the end, certain concrete suggestions for the rating system are given in a practical way.

关键词： official’s performance rating System institutional mechanism china’s sustainable development global sustainability

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Delineation of Potential Mineral Resources RegionBased on Geo-anomaly Unit

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Journal of Earth Science 2000年第2期19卷 66-71页

作者： Chen Yongqing Faculty of Earth Resources, china University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074 The center for development and research, china geological survey, beijing 100083 Liu Hongguang Faculty of Earth Resources, china University of Geosciences, Wuhan 4

The geological anomaly unit method (GAUM) is a new way to delineate and evaluate ore finding targets in line with the “geological anomaly ore finding theory”. Comprehensive ore finding information from geological, geochemical and geophysical data is used for quantitative measurement of the “ore forming geological anomaly unit” in this paper. The main procedures are shown as follows: (1) The geo anomalous events associated with gold mineralization are analyzed in Tongshi gold field; (2) The zonation in the concentrated heavy minerals and the stream sediment elements of ore forming geo anomaly are studied in detail; (3) The deep geological structural framework is deduced by means of the synthetic geological interpretation of gravity and magnetic information; (4) The ore controlling geo anomalies and ore anomalies are chosen as the variables of the favorable ore forming indexes that can be used for the quantitative delineation and evaluation of the potential ore forming regions.

关键词： ore forming geo anomaly unit mineral resources areas comprehensive ore forming information favorable ore forming index Tongshi gold field western Shandong Province Eastern china.

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MECHANISM OF THE BASIN-MOUNTAIN METALLOGENIC SYSTEM IN HIMALAYAN PERIOD IN SANJIANG CONCENTRATION AREA,SOUTHWEST china

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地学前缘 2000年第S1期7卷 425-426页

作者： Liu Fengshan[WT5,5”BX](china geological survey,MLR,beijing 100083,china)

Sanjiang (Jinshajiang River,Lancangjiang River and Nujiang River) concentration area in southwest china is within the Tethys\|Himalayan tectonic domain,and it is the main area where develops Himalayan movement and relative ore deposits,such as Yulong super large Cu\|Mo deposit,Jinding super large Pb\|Zn deposit,etc ,in West *** it is a best place to study Himalayan movement and metallogeny.1 Metallogenic geological background Sanjiang concentration area has passed complex Tethys tectonic development before Cainozoic era,and it begins Himalayan inland basin\|mountain tectonic development at the end of Yanshan *** commonly accepts autochthonous platform type deposits since Mesozoic era,and the basin\|mountain tectonic pattern has already *** metamorphic terrains and paleo\|Tethys orogenic belts become “mountains”,as well as microplateforms sink to become “basins”.Comparing to Mesozoic basins,Eogene basins are many smaller garben\|type extension basins or strike\|slip extension basins on the background of big large basins.

关键词： Himalayan mineralization metallogenic system Sanjiang co ncentration area

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Mineralization episode of porphyry copper deposits in the Jinshajiang-Red River mineralization belt: Re-Os dating

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第2期48卷 192-198页

Re-Os isotopic dating for the molybdenites from the porphyry copper deposits of the Jinshajiang-Red River mineralization belt in Yunnan Province yields isochron ages of 33.9±1.1 Ma for the Machangqing deposit and 34.4±0.5 Ma for the Tongchang deposit. This result shows that both the Machangqing and the Tongchang porphyry Cu-Mo deposits from two different ore-fields formed simultaneously. This new data and the published Re-Os model ages of molybdenite (35.4 Ma, 35.9 Ma, 36.2 Ma) of the Yulong porphyry copper deposit in Tibet, which is located in the same Jinshajiang-Red River mineralization belt as the Machangqing deposit and the Tongchang deposit, suggest that these three Cenozoic porphyry copper deposits in the Jinshajiang-Red River mineralization belt were contemporary for their mineralization episode. That is to say, even their present locality is far away and nearly iso-distantly distributed, these three porphyry Cu(Mo) deposits belong to the same mineralization episode at the end of Eocene.

关键词： Re-Os isotopic dating, porphyry Cu deposits, Cenozoic, mineralization episode.

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Cracking conditions of crude oil under different geological environments

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 77-83页

作者： ZHAO WenZhi,WANG ZhaoYun,ZHANG ShuiChang&WANG HongJun research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&development,Petrochina,beijing 100083,china research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & development

There are mainly 3 kinds of existing states of oil generating from source rocks,that is,dispersive liquid hydrocarbon inside of source rock,dispersive liquid hydrocarbon outside of source rock and concentrated liquid hydrocarbon outside of source *** of the differences in thermal history and medium conditions around,and the interaction of organic and inorganic matter,the liquid hydrocarbon with 3 kinds of existing state has different cracking *** gas generation dynamics experiments of crude oil matching different mediums indicate that the distribution of activation energy of methane changes a lot according to medium *** carbonate has a main influence on oil cracking conditions and can largely reduce its activation energy,which reflects the lower cracking temperature of crude *** mudstone takes a second place and the sandstone is the *** catalytic cracking function to the oil of the carbonate,of the mudstone and of the sandstone changes weaken in *** corresponding Ro values of main gas generation period in different mediums are as follows:1.5%―3.8%with pure crude oil,1.2%―3.2%with dispersive crude oil in carbonate,1.3%~3.4% with dispersive crude oil in mudstone and 1.4%―3.6%with dispersive crude oil in *** influence of pressure to crude oil cracking is relatively *** the low heating speed condition, pressure restrains the oil cracking and gas generation,but in the high heating speed condition,pressure has an indistinctive influence to the oil cracking and gas *** also makes a different effort in different evolvement *** the middle and lower Cambrian source rocks in the Tarim Basin as an example,primary oil generating quantity is 2232.24×10 8 t,residual oil and oil cracking gas quantity is 806.21×10 8 t and 106.95×10 12 m 3 respectively.

关键词： different existing state oil cracking condition gas source rock kitchen of oil cracking type

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