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Developmental modes of the Neoproterozoic-Lower Paleozoic marine hydrocarbon source rocks in china

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Science Bulletin 2007年第S1期 77-91页

作者： ZHANG BaoMin1, ZHANG ShuiChang1, BIAN LiZeng2. JIN ZhiJun3 & WANG DaRui1 1 Research Center of Petroleum Geology in Research institute of Petroleum exploration and Development, Petro{2., beijing 100083, {2. 2.Department of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 2.0093, {2. 3 Research institute of Petroleum exploration and Development, sinopec, beijing 100083, {2.

Based on the researches on rock type, the mode of occurrence, diagnostic minerals and creatures, the sedimentary geochemistry and organic facies of Chinese marine source rocks from wells and outcrops, and on the research findings of developmental modes of foreign marine source rock, the authors consider that it is impossible to objectively make clear the formation mechanism of hydrocarbon source rock with high organic matter abundance by either single mode of preservation or high organic matter productivity. According to the Chinese geological features, the formation mechanism of the Neoproterozoic-Lower Paleozoic marine source rock is generalized into four modes, namely, thermal water activity-upwelling flow-anoxic; carbonate gentle slope-upwelling flow; xerothermic climate-brine euxinic milieu; and humid climate-retained euxinic milieu; as the Lower Cambrian undercompensation basin organic facies (the Tarim Basin, South china and southwestern margin of North china), carbonate gentle lime mud bound organic facies (the Upper Ordovician in Tazhong region of the Tarim Basin and the Lower Silurian in the Upper Yangtze Platform), the Middle Cambrian evaporation laggon organic facies (the Tarim Basin and the Upper Yangtze Platform), enclosed undercompensation terrigenous bay organic facies (the Middle-Upper Ordovician in the west of the Tarim Basin, the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in the Upper Yangtze platform). Chinese marine sedimentations with lower organic matter abundance are generalized into two modes of consumption-dilution mode of open epicontinental sea and depletion-dilution mode of supercompensation basin.

关键词： marine source rock upwelling flow anoxic event thermal water activity xerothermic climate-brine euxinic humid climate-retained euxinic

Formation mechanism and model for sand lens reservoirs in the Jiyang Sub-basin,East china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第Z2期47卷 167-176页

作者： LI Pilong 1, PANG Xiongqi2.3, CHEN Dongxia2.3, ZHANG Shanwen1, JIN Zhijun4 & JIANG Zhenxue2.3 1. Shengli Oil Field Ltd, sinopec, Dongying 2.7051, china 2. University of Petroleum, {2. 102.49, china 3. Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Accumulation, Ministry of Education, {2. 102.49, china 4. Research institute of Petroleum exploration and Exploitation, sinopec, beijing 100083, china Shengli Oil Field Ltd SINOPEC Dongying 257051 China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Accumulation Ministry of Education Beijing 102249 China Research institute of Petroleum exploration and Exploitation SINOPEC Beijing 100083 China

The Bohai Bay basin comprises some very important and well documented subtle traps known in china, which have been the major exploration focus and have become a major petroleum play since the 1990s. However, recent exploration showed that the oil-bearing proper-ties of some sand lens reservoirs may vary significantly and the accumulation mechanisms for these lithological subtle traps are not well understood. Based on statistical analysis of oil-bearing properties for 12. sand lens reservoirs in the Jiyang Sub-basin and combined with detailed anatomy of typical sand lens reservoirs and NMR experiments, it has been shown that the structural and sedimentary factors, hydrocarbon generation and expulsion conditions of the sur-rounding source rocks, as well as the petrophysical properties of sand lens reservoirs are the main controlling factors for the formation of sand lens reservoirs. The formation of a sand lens reservoir depends on the interaction between the hydrocarbon accumulation driving force and the resistance force. The driving force is made up of the differential capillary pressure between sandstones and sources rocks and the hydrocarbon diffusion force, and as well as the hydro-carbon expansion force. The resistance force is the friction resistance force for hydrocarbons and water to move through the pore throats of the sand lens. The sedimentary environment, source rock condition and sand reservoir properties can change from unfavorable to favorable depend-ing on the combination of these factors. When these three factors all reach certain thresholds, the sand lens reservoirs may begin to be filled by hydrocarbons. When all of these conditions be-come favorable for the formation of sand lens reservoirs, the reservoir would have high oil satu-ration. This approach has been applied to evaluating the potential of petroleum accumulation in the sand lens reservoirs in the third member of the Neogene Shahejie Formation in the Jiyang Sub-basin.

关键词： sand lens reservoir, accumulation controlling factors, accumulation mechanism, accumulation model, Jiyang Sub-basin.

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川东北通南巴构造带飞仙关组鲕滩储层预测

石油物探 2009年第3期48卷 277-284页

作者：武丽董宁朱生旺中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院北京100083

川东北通南巴构造带位于造山带前陆,强烈的构造活动导致其结构和构造非常复杂,储层特征难以确定。针对这一问题,在对通南巴构造带飞仙关组鲕滩储层的测井响应特征和地震响应特征进行分析的基础上,建立了该区飞仙关组鲕滩储层正演模型;... 详细信息

川东北通南巴构造带位于造山带前陆,强烈的构造活动导致其结构和构造非常复杂,储层特征难以确定。针对这一问题,在对通南巴构造带飞仙关组鲕滩储层的测井响应特征和地震响应特征进行分析的基础上,建立了该区飞仙关组鲕滩储层正演模型;基于正演模拟结果,提取了2.多种地震属性,并对其敏感性逐一进行分析,优选出瞬时相位、瞬时振幅、瞬时频率、相干及波形等多种对鲕滩储层比较敏感的属性,从而预测了飞仙关组鲕滩储层分布特征。其中,河坝场构造为Ⅰ类鲕滩储层,马路背构造和狮子坪构造为Ⅱ类鲕滩储层,而母家梁构造和黑池梁构造为Ⅲ类。这套鲕滩储层预测技术方法的应用,有效地提高了研究区储层预测的精度。

关键词：通南巴构造带飞仙关组鲕滩地震属性储层预测

Poly-phase salt tectonics and hydrocarbon accumulation in Tarim superimposed basin,northwest china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第Z2期47卷 104-113页

作者： TANG Liangjie1,2. JIN Zhijun1’3, JIAChengzao1’4, Pl Xuejun5 & CHEN Suping1,2.1. Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Education Ministry, beijing 102.49, china 2. Basin & Reservoir Research Center, University of Petroleum, beijing 102.49, china 3. institute of Petroleum exploration and Development, sinopec, beijing 100083, china 4. Petrochina Company Limited, beijing 100011, china 5. Tarim Oilfield Company, Petrochina Company Ltd., Korla 841000, china Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Education Ministry Beijing 102249 China Basin & Reservoir Research Center University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Education Ministry Beijing 102249 China institute of Petroleum exploration and Development SINOPEC Beijing 100083 China Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Education Ministry Beijing 102249 China Petrochina Company Limited Beijing 100011 China Tarim Oilfield Company PetroChina Company Ltd. Korla 841000 China

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the poly-phase salt tectonics and its relation to the hydrocarbon accumulation of the Tarim superimposed basin. Several salt sequences are developed in the Tarim basin, they are: (1) the Mid-Early Cambrian salt sequence, mainly distributed in the west part of the north Tarim uplift and Keping uplift; (2. the Early Carboniferous salt sequence, mainly distributed in the south slope of the north Tarim uplift; (3) the Paleogene salt sequence, mainly distributed in the mid-west part of the Kuqa foreland fold belt and north Tarim uplift; and (4) the Miocene salt sequence, mainly distributed in the east part of the Kuqa foreland fold belt. The salt sequences deposited in the tectonically calm scenario, while the salt layers deformed during the period of intense tectonism. Although the salt sequences are characteristic of plastic flow, the differences of salt deformation styles exist in the different salt sequences be-cause of the different deformation mechanism. It is attractive that the distribution of the large oil-gas fields or pools has a bearing upon the salt sequences and salt structures, such as the Tahe oilfield related to the Lower Carboniferous salt sequence and laterally facies changed mudstone, the Kela No.2.gas field to the Paleogene salt structures, and the Dina gas field to the Miocene salt structures. It is indicated that the large-scale hydrocarbon accumulation is con-trolled by the poly-phase salt sequences and structures. The deep analysis of the poly-phase salt tectonics is helpful to understanding the characteristics of the structural deformation and oil-gas accumulation of the Tarim basin.

关键词： superimposed basin, salt tectonics, hydrocarbon accumulation, Tarim basin.

Ancient Changjiang channel system in the East china Sea continental shelf during the last glaciation

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第11期48卷 1972-1978页

作者： LI Guangxue1,2. LIU Yong1, YANG Zigeng3, YUE Shuhong4, YANG Wenda5 & HAN Xibin1 1. College of Marine Geo-science, Ocean University of china, Qingdao 2.6003, china 2. Shandong Key Laboratory of Sea Floor Resource and {2. Technique, Qingdao 2.6003, china 3. Qingdao institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao 2.6071, china 4. College of Marine Environment, Ocean University of china, Qingdao 2.6003, china 5. First Survey Team of Marine Geology, Shanghai Bureau of Petroleum, Shanghai 2.12.8, china College of Marine Geo-science Ocean University of China Qingdao China Shandong Key Laboratory of Sea Floor Resource and exploration Technique Qingdao China Qingdao institute of Marine Geology Qingdao China College of Marine Environment Ocean University of China Qingdao China First Survey Team of Marine Geology Shanghai Bureau of Petroleum Shanghai China

Based on the data of high-resolution seismic profiles, an ancient river channel sys-tem of the last glaciation occurred along the Zhedong and Xihu depression in the southeast of Hupijiao rise. The distribution of the channel fill system shows that the ancient Changjiang River went through the Changjiang depression into the low land plain of the outside continental shelf during the low sea level cycle of the last glaciation. The big channel fill into Okinawa Trough is not found due to the depletion of the river kinetic energy in the low land plain. The river discharge dispersal was of an important role to the dilution of the northern Okinawa Trough sea at that time. Six ancient river channel systems (A―F), which are main distributaries of ancient Changjiang in the East china Sea continental shelf during the last glaciation, may be buried off the modern Changjiang estuary. The distribution of these channels coincides with the zonal elevations in the sea floor.

关键词： last glaciation, continental shelf plain, Changjiang River, ancient channel fill

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旋转导向钻井轨道设计及监测方法

石油学报 2003年第4期24卷 81-85页

作者：刘修善彭国生赵小祥中国石化勘探开发研究院北京100083 中国石油化工集团公司安全环保部北京100029

井眼轨道的设计与监测技术一直是定向钻井中的研究热点。为了描述和计算井眼轨道 ,须建立一定的数学模型 ,目前国内外普遍采用的井眼轨道模型是圆柱螺线模型和空间圆弧模型。然而 ,井眼轨道监控中的核心参数是井斜变化率和方位变化率 ,... 详细信息

井眼轨道的设计与监测技术一直是定向钻井中的研究热点。为了描述和计算井眼轨道 ,须建立一定的数学模型 ,目前国内外普遍采用的井眼轨道模型是圆柱螺线模型和空间圆弧模型。然而 ,井眼轨道监控中的核心参数是井斜变化率和方位变化率 ,但以往的井眼轨道模型却不能直接反映出对它们的需求。针对旋转导向钻井的特点 ,提出了一种具有通用性的三维井眼轨道模型。该模型适用于由直线段和圆弧段所组成的各种井身剖面 ,可广泛应用于斜直井、定向井、水平井。

关键词：旋转导向钻井井眼轨迹设计方法定向井水平井大位移井数学模型

Research on the dynamics of the South china Sea opening:Evidence from analogue modeling

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第10期49卷 1053-1069页

作者： SUN Zhen1,2. ZHOU Di1, ZHONG Zhihong3, XIA Bin2. QIU Xuelin1, ZENG Zuoxun4 & JIANG Jianqun5 1. CAS Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South china Sea institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, china 2. CAS Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, china 3. Department of Technology, Shenzhen Branch of CNOOC, Guangzhou 5102.0, china 4. Faculty of Earth Sciences, china University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, china 5. Hainan Oil & Gas exploration Company, Liaohe Oilfield Petrochina, Panjin 12.010, china CAS Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China CAS Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China Department of Technology Shenzhen Branch of CNOOC Guangzhou China Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan China Hainan Oil & Gas exploration Company Liaohe Oilfield PetroChina Panjin China

Independent of Indochina extrusion, the South china Sea experienced a process from passive continental rifting to marginal sea drifting. According to the fault patterns in the Beibu Gulf basin and the Pearl River Mouth basin, the continental rifting and early spreading stage from 32.to 2. Ma were controlled by extensional stress field, which shifted clockwise from southeastward to south southeastward. From 2. Ma on, the sea spread in NW-SE direction and ceased spreading at around 15.5 Ma. Integrated geological information with the assumption that the South china Sea developed along a pre-Cenozoic weakness zone, we did analogue experiments on the South china Sea evolu- tion. Experiments revealed that the pre-existing weakness zone goes roughly along the uplift zone between the present Zhu-1 and Zhu-2.depression. The pre-existing weakness zone is composed of three segments trending NNE, roughly EW and NEE, respectively. The early opening of the South china Sea is accompanied with roughly 15° clockwise rotation, while the SE sub-sea basin opened with SE extension. Tinjar fault was the western boundary of the Nansha block (Dangerous Ground), while Lupar fault was the eastern boundary of the Indochina, NW-trending rift belt known as Zengmu basin developed between above two faults due to block divergent of Indochina from Nansha. In the experiment, transtensional flower structures along NW-trending faults are seen, and slight inversion occurs along some NE-dipping faults. The existence of rigid massifs changed the orientations of some faults and rift belt, and also led to deformation concentrate around the massifs. The rifting and drifting of the South china Sea might be caused by slab pull from the proto South china Sea subducting toward Borneo and/or mantle flow caused by India-Asia collision.

关键词： South china Sea, rifting and drifting, clockwise rotation, analogue modeling, rigid massifs.

Total alkyl dibenzothiophenes content tracing the filling pathway of condensate reservoir in the Fushan Depression,South china Sea

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 138-145页

作者： LI MeiJun1,WANG TieGuan1,LIU Ju2.ZHANG MeiZhu2.LU Hong3,MA QinLin2.& GAO LiHui2.1 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting,Earth Sciences and Geoinformatics School,china University of Petroleum,beijing 102.49,china 2.Southern Oil exploration and Development Company,Petrochina,Guangzhou 510640,china 3 Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 5102.0,china State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting Earth Sciences and Geoinformatics School China University of Petroleum Beijing China Southern Oil exploration and Development Company PetroChina Guangzhou China Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China

The condensates are generally characterized by high maturity,low concentration of steranes and ter-panes biomarkers and low content of non-hydrocarbon fraction. In this case commonly used steranes,terpanes and carbazoles parameters cannot be effectively applied in the reservoir-filling tracing. The hydrogen bond formed by sulfur atom in the dibenzothiophenes (DBTs) results in molecule adsorption and fractionation during oil migration in reservoir. Like carbazoles,total DBTs content decreases with the increasing of oil migration distance. Therefore,a new parameter——total DBTs content is proposed to be used to trace the oil migration orientation and filling pathway. In present study,total DBTs con-tents of condensates and light oils are obtained by adding internal standard——eight deuterium atoms substituted DBT during Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis of aromatic fraction. Except for a few samples with much lower content of non-hydrocarbon fraction,the total DBTs content shows a fine positive correlation with that of carbazoles. Large errors can be caused in the process of pyrrolic nitrogen compounds separation. The application of this new parameter in the Fushan Depression of Beibu Gulf Basin,South china Sea indicates that this parameter is a reliable one to trace filling pathway in condensate reservoirs. Combined with other DBTs-related parameters,such as 4-/1-methydibenzo-thiophene and 2.4-/1,4-dimethyldibenzothiophene,oil migration orientation and filling pathway of the Fushan Depression was determined. The accumulations of Huachang oil field in the Fushan Depres-sion are mainly migrated and charged from northeast to southeast along the Huachang uplift. It can be predicated that the light oil and condensates in the Huachang oil field should be sourced from the source kitchen at the Bailian Sag. It shows that total DBTs content is an effective parameter to tracing oil migration orientation and filling pathway.

关键词： dibenzothiophene alkyl dibenzothiophene condensate reservoir filling pathway molecular markers the Fushan Depression

Application of forecasting structural cracks technique of 3DMove in Chengdao buried hill

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第9期48卷 1403-1410页

作者： WU Shiguo1, 2. WANG Xiuling2. JI Yuxin2. LIU Yuzhen2.& HAN Wengong2.1. institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 2.6071, china 2. Geophysical Research institute, Shengli Oil Field, Dongying 2.7002. china institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China Geophysical Research institute Shengli Oil Field Dongying Chin

3DMove software, based on the three-dimension structural model of geologic inter- pretation, can forecast reservoir cracks from the point of view of formation of the structural ge- ology, and analyze the characteristics of the cracks. 3DMove software dominates in forecasting cracks. We forecast the developments and directions of the cracks in Chengbei buried hill with the application of forecasting technique in 3DMove software, and obtain the chart about strain distributing on top in buried hill and the chart about relative density and orientation and the chart about the analysis of crack unsealing. In Chengbei 30 buried hill zone, north-west and north-east and approximately east-west cracks in Cenozoic are very rich and the main directions in every fault block are different. Forecasting results that are also verified by those of drilling approxi- mately accord with the data from well logging, the case of which shows that the technique has the better ability in forecasting cracks, and takes more effects on exploration and exploitation of crack reservoir beds in ancient buried hill reservoirs.

关键词： 3DMove, structural crack, buried hill, structural restoration.