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An eSnake model for medical image segmentation

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第5期15卷 424-429页

作者： Lv Hongyu1, YUAN Kehong2. BAO Shanglian1, ZU Donglin1 and DUAN Chaijie1*(1. The Research Center for Tumor Diagnosis and Therapeutical physics & Beijing key {2. of Medical physics and Engineering, Beijing 100871, china 2. key {2. of Pure and Applied Mathematics, school of Mathematical Sciences, peking university, Beijing 100871, china) The Research Center for Tumor Diagnosis and Therapeutical physics & Beijing key {2. of Medical physics and Engineering Beijing 100871 China key laboratory of Pure and Applied Mathematics School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China

A novel scheme of external force for detecting the object boundary of medical image based on Snakes (active contours) is introduced in the paper. In our new method, an electrostatic field on a template plane above the original image plane is designed to form the map of the external force. Compared with the method of Gradient Vector Flow (GVF), our approach has clear physical meanings. It has stronger ability to conform to boundary concavities, is simple to implement, and reliable for shape segmenting. Additionally, our method has larger capture range for the external force and is useful for medical image preprocessing in various applications. Finally, by adding the balloon force to the electrostatic field model, our Snake is able to represent long tube-like shapes or shapes with significant protrusions or bifurcations, and it has the specialty to prevent Snake leaking from large gaps on image edge by using a two-stage segmentation technique introduced in this paper. The test of our models proves that our methods are robust, precise in medical image segmentation.

关键词： image segmentation eSnake external force electrostatic field balloon force.

A note on the discovery of a 2._⊙ pulsar

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2011年第6期11卷 687-691页

作者： Xiao-Yu Lai Ren-Xin Xu school of physics and {2. key laboratory of nuclear physics and technology Peking University Beijing 100871 China

It is conventionally thought that the state equation of dense matter softens and thus cannot result in high maximum mass if pulsars are quark stars and that a recently discovered 2.⊙ pulsar （PSR J1614–2.30） may make pulsars unlikely to be quark stars. However, this standard point of view would be revisited and updated if quark clustering could occur in cold quark matter because of the strong coupling be- tween quarks at realistic baryon densities in compact stars. It can be argued that the state equation of clustered quark matter stiffens to support compact stars with maxi- mum mass Mmax 2.⊙. In this brief note, it is demonstrated that large parameter space ranges are allowed for Mmax 2.⊙ in a Lennard-Jones model of clustered quark matter and the newly measured highest mass of PSR J1614–2.30 would be meaningful for constraining the number of quarks inside a single quark-cluster to be Nq ≤ 103.

关键词： dense matter — elementary particles — pulsars: general — stars: neutron

Design of an MRI quadrature-data acquisition card

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第3期16卷 255-259页

作者： JIANG Zhongde, ZU Donglin and GU Xiaofang (Institute of Heavy Ion physics, Beijing key {2. of Medical physics & Engineering, school of physics, peking university,Beijing 100871, china) [a]Institute of Heavy Ion physics Beijing Key Laboratory of Medical Physics & Engineering School of Physics Peking University Beijing China

A design of a quadrature-data acquisition card based on peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus for mini-type magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system is reported. It uses two high speed analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) to sample the MRI signals and two static random access memories (SRAMs) to store the data which will be read to the computer by PCI bus after sampling. All the logic control signals on the card are generated by the field programmable gate array (FPGA). The software Foundation3.1 is used to design the FPGA and achieve useful result after simulating and implementing. The card has some merits that normal commercial cards do not have. For example, the sampling parameters can be varied according to different pulse sequences.

关键词： MRI data acquisition FPGA PCI bus.

Simulation of g factor for size optimization and coupling in phased array coil design

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第2期16卷 120-124页

作者： SONG Xiaoyu, ZHANG Hongjie, WANG Le, BAO Shanglian, SUN Yanrong and ZU Donglin (Beijing key laboratory of Medical {2. & Engineering, peking university, Beijing 100871, china {2. school, peking university, Beijing 100871, china) [a]Beijing key Labaratory of Medical physics & Engineering Peking University Beijing China [b]physics school Peking University Beijing China

The effect of geometric parameters of the coil element in an array on signal-to-notse ratio (SNR) and g factor of parallel imaging are analyzed, and the optimal parameters for the maximal SNR and minimal g factor are also given in this paper. In addition, the effects of coupling on SNR and g factor have been analyzed. The test results indicate that g factor for parallel imaging is greatly increased and SNR is decreased for coupling. According to the optimization, a six-channel parallel coil has been designed for torso imaging.

关键词： MRI phased array coil SENSE parallel imaging.

Analysis on background magnetic field to generate eddy current by pulsed gradient of permanent-magnet MRI

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2010年第4期53卷 886-891页

作者： ZU DongLin,HONG LiMing,CAO XueMing & TANG Xin Institute of Heavy Ion physics,Beijing City key {2. of Medical physics and Engineering,school of physics,peking university,Beijing 100871,china 1. Institute of Heavy Ion physics Beijing City Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Engineering School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China

In this paper the analytical expressions for the magnetic field H and induction B in iron-pole plates generated by MRI gradient coil are given using line-current and the multilayer dielectric plate model with the mirror-image *** current emanates from the magnetic flux in the iron-pole *** order to fully suppress the eddy current,this magnetic flux should be fully *** research results indicate the magnetic permeability of the resist-eddy plate must be bigger than that of magnetic pole material,*** iron,and that the resist-eddy plate should be thick enough to be far away from its magnetic saturation.

关键词： MRI suppress eddy current gradient coil resist-eddy plate mirror-image method

Optical data storage in nonphotosensitive media by femtosecond laser pulses

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第8期17卷 877-880页

作者： Li Yan~(**) Liu Dayong Dou Yanping Yang Hong and Gong Qihuang (state key {2. for Mesoscopic physics and Department of physics,peking university,Beijing 100871,china) state key {2. for Mesoscopic physics Department of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Ultrashort lasers have become powerful tools by inducing extremely nonlinear effects in a wide variety of materials. Femtosecond laser data storage in non-photosensitive media is promising for its high density and fast *** reviewed the progress of three types of femtosecond laser storage in transparent materials:three-dimensional bit-oriented storage by micro-voids,holographic data storage by two beam interference and storage by computer-generated holograms.

关键词： femtosecond laser three-dimensional data storage holographic data storage computer-generated hologram

Electronic structure and magnetism of R(Fe,Si)_(12. (R=Y,Nd)

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Science china(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2006年第2期49卷 195-202页

作者： SUN Guang’ai1, CHEN Bo1, DU Honglin2. FAN Zhijian1, GAO Tao3 & QI Xinhua31. Institute of nuclear physics and Chemistry,{2. Academy of Engineering physics, Mianyang 62.900,{2. 2. Department of physics, peking university, Beijing 100871,{2. 3. Institute of Atomic and Molecular physics, Sichuan university, Chengdu 610065,{2. 1. Institute of nuclear physics and Chemistry China Academy of Engineering Physics Mianyang 621900 China 2. Department of physics Peking university Beijing 100871 China 3. Institute of Atomic and Molecular physics Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China

The newly developed full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (LAPW) and local orbitals (lo) based on standard APW methods are briefly introduced, and the structure and magnetic properties of R(Fe, Si)12.compounds (R = Y, Nd) are calculated using the method. The distribution of Si at different sites is analyzed based on total energy of one crystal unit with structure having been optimized. The characters of magnetic mo-ments, total density of states (TDOS) and partial density of states (PDOS) for different crystal sites Si occupies are obtained and analyzed. The results show that the total mag-netic moments of RFe10Si2.(R = Y, Nd) are larger than those of RFe10M2.(M = Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Mo and W) and the hybridization mechanism is seen as follows. Si(8j) reduce the mag-netic moments of Fe at three sites, however, Si(8f) mainly reduce the magnetic moments of Fe(8i) and Fe(8j) atoms. The Curie temperature is markedly enhanced by the introduc-tion of Si atoms according to spin fluctuation of DOS at Fermi level.

关键词： (L)APW+lo method R(Fe Si)12.R = Y Nd) magnetic moment Density of state.

Selected issues at the interface between nuclear physics and astrophysics as well as the standard model

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中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学英文版 2011年第S1期54卷 119-123页

作者： MENG Jie1,2.3, NIU ZhongMing1, LIANG HaoZhao1 & SUN BaoHua2.4 1state key {2. of nuclear physics and technology, school of physics, peking university, Beijing 100871, china 2.10} of physics and nuclear Energy Engineering, Beihang university, Beijing 100191, china 3Department of physics, university of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa 4Justus-Liebig-Universita¨t Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 14, Giessen 35392. Germany 1. state key {2. of nuclear physics and technology School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China 2. school of physics and nuclear Energy Engineering Beihang University Beijing 100191 China 3. Department of physics University of Stellenbosch Stellenbosch South Africa 4. Justus-Liebig-Universit?t Giessen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 14 Giessen 35392 Germany

The density functional theory (DFT) with a minimal number of parameters allows a very successful phenomenological description of ground state properties of nuclei all over the periodic table. The recent developments on the application of the covariant density functional theory as well as its extensions by the group in Beijing for a series of interests and hot topics in nuclear astro{2. and nuclear structure are reviewed, including the rapid neutron-capture process, Th/U chronometer, and isospin corrections for superallowed β transitions.

关键词： rapid neutron-capture process nuclear chronometer isospin symmetry-breaking corrections

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高次谐波辐射发射特性研究

物理学报 2008年第7期57卷 4091-4098页

作者：葛愉成北京大学技术物理系和核物理与核技术国家重点实验室北京100871

报告由不同脉冲宽度(半高宽,FWHM)和不同载波-包络相位(CEP,Φ)的激光产生的高次谐波辐射能量输出时间特性即发射特性的研究结果.计算表明,由宽度为几个周期的激光产生的高次谐波辐射的截止能量明显低于由无限长脉冲宽度激光产生的截止... 详细信息

报告由不同脉冲宽度(半高宽,FWHM)和不同载波-包络相位(CEP,Φ)的激光产生的高次谐波辐射能量输出时间特性即发射特性的研究结果.计算表明,由宽度为几个周期的激光产生的高次谐波辐射的截止能量明显低于由无限长脉冲宽度激光产生的截止能量ωmax=3.17Up+Ip(其中ωmax为光子角频率,Up和Ip分别为激光有质动力势和原子的电离能).例如,由两周期(FWHM),Φ=15°的激光产生的高次谐波辐射的截止能量为ωmax=2.90Up+Ip,此时发射特性单脉冲(即分布单脉冲)具有最大的能量带宽0.86Up.脉冲中心位置的载波相位和时间宽度分别为0.94rad(弧度)和1.2.rad.而该激光脉冲在Φ=-75°时能产生截止能量为ωmax=2.70Up+Ip,最大能量带宽为0.70Up的双分布脉冲,其中心位置分别为-0.58rad和2.43rad,宽度分别为1.2.rad和1.33rad.随着激光脉冲宽度的增加,分布单脉冲的能量带宽比时间宽度下降得更快.对于一定宽度的激光脉冲,所产生的分布单脉冲的能量带宽和时间宽度的CEP依赖性显示出180°的周期结构.利用这个有趣的特点,在实验上可以通过调节CEP来选择分布脉冲的能量参数,也可用来定位和控制阿秒脉冲的时间参数.理论分析指出,只要选择合适的阿秒X射线能量带宽,CEP不稳定性对于光电子谱和测量结果的影响将大为降低,甚至在最大程度上消除这种影响.这些研究结果不仅有助于在物理上深入了解高次谐波辐射的动力学过程,而且对于进一步在实验上优化和选择阿秒单脉冲和双脉冲具有重要的参考和指导意义.

关键词：高次谐波产生鞍点方法谐波发射特性分布脉冲