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Orthogonal design for optimization of pigment extraction from surface sediments of the Changjiang River Estuary

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Acta oceanologica Sinica 2011年第4期30卷 33-42页

作者： ZHAO Jun YAO Peng YU Zhigang Thomas S Bianchi Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology Ministry of Education Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China Department of oceanography Texas A ＆ M University College Station TX 77843 USA Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology Ministry of Education Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China Institute of Marine Organic Geochemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100 China

Using a suitable solvent for extracting pigments from sediment for high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） analysis is critical for obtaining qualitative and quantitative estimates of phytoplanktonic and benthic algal biomass,as well as community composition. Five methodological factors（sample dehydration,extraction solvent,extraction duration,number of extractions,and ratio of solvent volume：sample weight） were studied using an L 9（3 4 ） orthogonal design in a sedimentary pigment extraction experiment on samples collected from the Changjiang large-river delta-front estuary（LDE）,using HPLC analysis. The results show that the optimal extraction method for sedimentary pigments should include freeze-drying samples prior to extraction. The effects of different factors on sedimentary pigment extraction were separated by the L 9（3 4 ） orthogonal design experiments and showed that the extraction solvent was the most important,with extraction duration the second most important,and numbers of extraction and ratio of solvent volume：sample weight was the least important. The mixed solvent treatment comprised of acetone,methanol and water（80：15：5,by volume） was best for polar pigment extraction,with 100% acetone better for apolar pigments. For most pigments employed in this study（i.e.,peridinin,fucoxanthin,alloxanthin,diatoxanthin,zeaxanthin,pheophytin-a and β-carotene） ,3 h was found to be enough time for extraction from these deltaic sediments. However,for chlorophyll-a,the most important pigment used for estimating algal biomass,12 h was needed. A small amount of solvent（3 ml） with duplicate extractions obtained the greatest amount and diversity of pigments. Unfortunately,no extraction method was found to be suitable for all pigments in sediments. The choice of extraction procedure should be made in accordance with the objective of each study,taking into consideration the properties of sediments and pigments in question.

关键词： sedimentary pigments extraction orthogonal design HPLC Changjiang River Estuary

Glass inclusions in volcanic rocks in the Okinawa Trough back-arc basin: constraints on magma genesis and evolution

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Acta oceanologica Sinica 2001年第3期20卷 383-390页

作者： Yu Zenghui, Zhai Shikui, Li Xianzhong 1. ocean university of qingdao, qingdao 266003, china ocean university of qingdao Qingdao 266003 China

The major element compositions of glass inclusions in plagioclase and pyroxene phenocrysts of basalt and pumice in the Okinawa Trough back-arc basin are determined by electron microprobe. The results indicate that basalt and pumice are cognate and respectively represent the products at early stages of magmatism and at late stage of crystal fractionation. The initial magma in the trough is rich in H2O. The variation of H2O content in magma may play an important role in the magma evolution. Plagioclase is the mineral crystallized throughout the whole magmatic process and accumulates in the zoned magma chamber. From these features it can be inferred that the initial magma in the Okinawa Trough, whose opening began in recent years, is seriously affected by fluid or other materials carried by subducting slab and the geochemical feature of volcanic rocks is in some degree similar to that of lavas in island-arc environments.

关键词： Glass inclusion magma genesis and evolution Okinawa Trough

Analyses of factors forming offshore SST anomaly (O-SSTA) in china seas

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Acta oceanologica Sinica 1998年第4期17卷 447-457页

作者： Wang Sizhen, Li Xuhua, Qi Jianhua and Su Yusong (ocean university of qingdao, qingdao 266003, china) ocean university of qingdao Qingdao 266003 China

Based on the observations, the location and the strength of warm(cold) anomaly of SST in surnmer are conrolled mainly by the subtropical highs of atmosphere (typhoon track) on the off shore of the china seas. It may be considered for the physical causes that the factors forming O-SSTA include the dynamic respome of upper layer ocean on tbe strong atmospheric forcing and the shallow sea effects. The former consists of the entrainment, the detrainment, the Ekman pumping and the convergence of surface warm watet; the later the tidal mixing and higher absorptivity. The parameterized expressions and the significance estimations of each factor are shown. The differences of both forming mechanisms and forming time-scales between the warm anomaly and the cold one are also indicated with different forcing systems.

关键词： Factor offshore SSTA

Inositol and Phosphatidylinositol Mediated Glucose Derepression, Gene Expression and Invertase Secretion in Yeasts

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2004年第7期36卷 443-449页

作者： Zhen-Ming CHI*, Jun-Feng LI, Xiang-Hong WANG, and Shu-Min YAOUNESCO Chinese Center of Marine Biotechnology, ocean university of china, qingdao 266003, china UNESCO Chinese Center of Marine Biotechnology Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003 China

Glucose repression occurs in many yeast species and some filamentous fungi, and it represses the expression and secretion of many intracellular and extracellular proteins. In recent years, it has been found that many biochemical reactions in yeast cells are mediated by phosphatidylinositol (PI)-type signaling pathway. However, little is known about the relationships between PI-type signaling and glucose repression, gene expression and invertase secretion in yeasts. Many evidences in our previous studies showed that glucose repression, invertase secretion, gene expression and cell growth were mediated by inositol and PI in Saccharomyces and Schizosaccharomyces. The elucidation of the new regulatory mechanisms of protein secretion, gene expression and glucose repression would be an entirely new aspect of inositol and PI-type signaling regulation in yeasts.

关键词： glucose repression PI-type signaling pathway invertase secretion gene expression

Synergistic actions of complement and lysozyme in clearance of Escherichia coli from amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第2期19卷 179-185页

作者： Guangfeng Wang a,Shicui Zhang a,Zhimeng Zhuang b,Zhiping Wang a a Department of Marine Biology,ocean university of china,qingdao 266003,china b Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,qingdao 2.6071.china [a]Department of Marine Biology Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China [b]Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Qingdao 266071 China

Amphioxus appears to lack free circulating blood cells. How it clears invading pathogens from its body remains unknown to date. We demonstrate here that amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri is capable of efficiently eliminating the invading bacterium Escherichia coli from its humoral fluid,and the complement and lysozyme are both involved in the elimination of the invading pathogen. Both the com-plement and lysozyme act in concert against the invading bacterium,but the complement appears to play a more dominant role than the lysozyme.

关键词： Amphioxus Branchiostoma Complement Lysozyme Humoral fluids Anti-bacterial activity

The sea/land breeze in the northern coastal area of Shandong Peninsula

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Acta oceanologica Sinica 1989年第3期8卷 367-378页

作者： Wang Sizhen and Song Xilong ocean university of qingdao. qingdao. chinaInstitute of oceanology, Academia Sinica. qingdao, china ocean Univ. of qingdao Qingdao China. China

In this paper the seasonal variation and structural characteristics of the sea/ land breeze in the northern coastal area of' Shandong Peninsula are studied in two ways: one is the analysis of the observed wind data, and the other is numerical simulation and experiments. Firstly, the hour to hour wind data through the year 1984 at Longkou Meteorological Station and Yantai oceanographic Station are analysed through energy spectra and hodograph. It is revealed from the analysed results that the effects of the sea/ land breeze in the area are notable in spring, summer and fall, especially in May. However, in winter the effects of sea / land breeze are not obvious. because the cold noitherly is prevailing. Secondly, a two-dimensional non- linear model of primitive equations is used to study the sea / land breeze circulation in May in the area. The results of numerical simulation consist basically with the analysed results of the observed sea / land breeze. A reasonable theoretical structure of the sea / land breeze circulation is displayed, and a new undeerslanding of the developmental mechanism of land breeze circulation in that area is obtained. Lastly, numerical experiments about the effects of large scale wind and temperature fields upon the sea / land breeze circulation are performed.

关键词： The sea/land breeze in the northern coastal area of Shandong Peninsula area

A PARADOX OF TRANSIENT EKMAN DRIFT MODEL AND ITS EXPLAINATION

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2001年第3期13卷 46-48页

作者： Sun fu, Qian Cheng chun, Wang wei, Gao Shan The Laboratory of Physical oceanography, ocean university of qingdao, qingdao, 266003, china Lab. of Phys. oceanography Ocean Univ. of Qingdao Qingdao 266003 China

In view of the fact that the simple analytic model is important both in acquiring the dynamic rule of ocean and in understanding its mechanical essence, a unified solution of transient Ekman drift model encompassing the Fredholm's solution with constant wind and the hidaka, Nomitsu, and Defant's solution with unsteady wind is provided, and the paradox that it is uncertain if the solution satisfies the boundary condition is pointed out and explained. The present study shows that a simply mathematical treatment is able to remove this paradox, hoping to call for the mathematicians' notice.

关键词： transient drift Ekman paradox

A three-dimensional numerical calculation of the wind-driven thermohaline and tide-induced Lagrangian residual current in the Bohai Sea

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Acta oceanologica Sinica 1993年第2期12卷 169-182页

作者： Wang Hui, Su Zhiqing, Feng Shizuo and Sun Wenxin ocean university of qingdao, qingdao 266003, china

On the basis of a three-dimensional weakly nonliear theory of Lagrangian residual current in the Baroclinic shallow seas, a diagnostic numerical calculation of wind-driven, thermohaline and tide-induced Lagrangian residual current in the Bohai Sea is made. The model involves the Richardson number in the eddy viscosity coefficient, wind, thcrmolialine and tidal effects in the focing terms. The runoff of the Huanghe River and a part of the Huanghai Warm Water coming from the Huanghai Sea through the Bohai Sea Strait is also considered. The velocity-splitting method is adopted. The wind-driven circu lation, thermohaline circulation and the tide-induced Lagrangian residual circulation are also obtained individually and analysed. The dynamics of the three main eddies in the Lagrangian mean circulation is discussed. Finally, the numerical result is partly verified with the observed data.

关键词： A three-dimensional numerical calculation of the wind-driven thermohaline and tide-induced Lagrangian residual current in the Bohai Sea

Israeli Water Achievements Today and Enlightenment to china

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2008年第4期6卷 72-77页

作者： Sun Lei1,2, Xu Lanqing3 1. Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering, ocean university of china, qingdao Shandong 266100, china 2. Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, the Hebrew university of Jerusalem, 76100, Israel 3. Logistics Group of ocean university of china, qingdao Shandong 266100, china Institute of Environmental Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao Shandong 266100 China Department of Soil and Water Sciences Faculty of Agricultural Food and Environmental Quality Sciences the Hebrew University of Jerusalem 76100 Israel Logistics Group of ocean university of china Qingdao Shandong 266100 China

Despite the endemic drought, arid climate and associated limited freshwater resources, as well as difficult geopolitical realities, Israel can provide a reliable supply of high quality water to a rapidly growing population. The achievements of water supply in Israel can be summarized as water technologies (like water transportation and purification, desalination, wastewater treatment, effluent reuse, storm water catchment, control systems, rain enhancement and drip irrigation, etc.), water management and legislation as well as water industry. In view of the national concern regarding the quality and quantity of the water, the skills, technologies and know-how that Israel has accumulated in water supply and irrigation can give us enlightenment that is also presented in this paper.

关键词： Israel china water technology water management water industry