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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第3期47卷 247-254页

作者： ZHU Jingquan1, LI Yongtie2, JIANG Maosheng1 & CHEN Daizhao1 1. institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100029, china 2. research institute of petroleum exploration and development, CNPC, beijing 100083, china institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Res. Inst. petroleum Explor./Devt. CNPC Beijing 100083 China

The d 13C values of Lower Cretaceous Aptian-Albian platform-type carbonates in the Cuoqin Basin, North Tibet vary between 2.48 and 5.46. The mean value is 3.93. The values are not only provided with positive excursion, but also 1.17 higher than those of con-temporaneous pelagic carbonates which possess pretty high d 13C values. The origin is ap-proached. During the oceanic anoxic events, a great number of organisms were rapidly buried, causing the increase of the d 13C value of oceanic total dissolved carbon (TDC) and generally promoting the values of marine carbonates. After that, owing to the organisms undergoing dif-ferent isotopic fractionation in the paleo-ocean with stratified structure, d 13C values of shallow sea carbonate were obviously higher than those of pelagic carbonates.

关键词： shallow water carbonate, stable carbon isotope, paleooceanography, Aptian-Albian stage, Cuoqin Basin.

Hydrocarbon test in lower-layer atmosphere to predict deep-sea petroleum or hydrate in the Okinawa Trough: an example

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2003年第4期22卷 569-576页

作者： Gong Jianming1, Chen Jianwen 1, 2, Li Gang1, Zhang Xunhua1, Li Jipeng3, Huang Fulin1 1. Qingdao institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao 266071, china. 2. Ocean University of china, Qingdao 266003, china 3. Hefei institute of petroleum Chemical exploration, china petroleum exploration and development research institute, Hefei 230022,china Qingdao institute of Marine Geology Qingdao 266071 China Ocean University of china Qingdao 266003 China Hefei Inst. petroleum Chem. Explor. China Petroleum Explor./Devmt. Res. Hefei 230022 China

Light hydrocarbon (methane, ethane, propane, butane and CO2) test and C isotopic analysis of CO are conducted for over 100 lower-layer atmospheric samples from the East china Sea slope and the Okinawa Trough. The results show that the lower-layer atmosphere mainly consists of CO2 and then of CH4, and the CO2 concentrations are calculated to have a high average value of 0.87 omega/10(-2) about three times that of the regional background (0-3 omega/10(-2)). The result also shows that the average value of C isotope - 20.8 x 10(-3) is given to the CO2, inferring that it is inorganic gas. Thus, for the future 's work in the Okinawa Trough, special attention should be paid to CO2 hydrate, which is very possibly an important hydrate type.

关键词： lower-layer atmosphere hydrocarbon test C isotopic analysis deep-sea petroleum gas hydrate

APPlication and Derivation of Weng's Prediction Model

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天然气工业 1996年第2期16卷 97-99页

作者： Chen Yuanqian (research institute of petroleum exploration and development of CNPC) Li Chongri

In this paper,the generalized Weng’s prediction model is derived based on the x~2 distribution in the probability *** model may be used to predict production rate,recoverable reserves,annual maximum production rate and its occuring time. At the same time,a method of linear solution for the model is provided in this paper. Application of two actual oilfields indicates that the generalized Weng’s prediction model is very practical and efficient.

关键词： APPlication and Derivation of Weng’s Prediction Model

Formation and evolution of the Chinese marine basins

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Science Bulletin 2007年第S1期 1-11页

作者： JIA ChengZao1, LI BenLiang2, 3, ZHANG XingYang3 & LI ChuanXin1 1 research institute of petroleum exploration and development, petrochina, beijing 100083, china 2 Resources and Information institute, china University of petroleum, beijing 102249, china 3 Central Laboratory of petroleum Geology research, research institute of petroleum exploration and development, beijing 100083, china

There are plenty of petroleum resources in the Chinese marine basins, which will be the potential exploration regions of petroleum in the 21st century. The formation and evolution of the Chinese marine basins have mainly undergone two major tectonic epochs and five tectonic evolution stages. The first major tectonic epoch is the early Paleozoic plate divergence and drifting epoch during which the marine basins were formed, and the second one is the late Paleozoic plate convergence and collision epoch during which the pre-existent marine basins were superimposed and modified. The five tectonic evolution stages include: ① the drifting of micro-continental plates in Oceans and the formation of marine basins mainly filled with carbonate rocks during Proterozoic-Middle Carboniferous; ② the northward collage and convergence of continental plates and the development of the paralic sedimentary basins during Late Carboniferous-Middle Triassic; ③ the tectonically stabilized stage after the plate collage and the superimposition of lacustrine basins controlled by the inland subsidence during Late Triassic-Early Cretaceous; ④ the stage of the inland deformation and successive deep burial, uplifting, erosion or breakage of marine basins influenced by the plate tectonic activities of Neo-Tethys Ocean and the West Pacific developed in Late Cretaceous-Paleocene; ⑤ the stage of the foreland compression and basin-range coupling in the margin of the marine basins caused by the collision between India and Eurasia Plates and its long-distance effect since Neocene. The process of the tectonic evolution has controlled the petroleum geologic characteristics of Chinese marine basins, and a material foundation for the formation of oil and gas reservoirs has been built up via the formation of Paleozoic ma- rine basins, and the Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic superimposition and modification have controlled the key conditions of hydrocarbon accumulation and preservation. From the Late Proterozoic to

关键词： marine basin plate tectonics tectonics evolution petroleum exploration

SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHIC FRAMEWORK AND HYDROCARBON DISTRIBUTION OF THE TERTIARY NONMARINE STRATA IN THE BOHAI BAY RIFT BASIN

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Scientia Geologica Sinica 2001年第2期 73-86页

作者： Xue Liangqing, Chi Yingliu, and Cao Yinghui research institute of petroleum exploration & development of petrochina, beijing 100083, china

The Tertiary strata in the Bohai Bay basin consist of the Lower Tertiary sequence deposited at the rift stage and the Upper Tertiary sequence deposited at the post-rift stage. The Lower Tertiary sequence is composed of the three second-order sequences Ek, Es4-3, and Es2-Ed. Every second-order sequence corresponding to one rifting episode can be divided into the lowstand, transgressive, and highstand third-order sequence sets, which are represented as sedimentary products of the initial rifting, lacustrine expanding and contracting stages. The late transgressive and early highstand sequence sets are favorable periods for forming regional source and seal rocks. Three sets of major source and seal rocks and four sets of source-reservoir-seal combinations are recognized in the Tertiary strata. Differences of Tertiary tectonic history in different sags or depressions result in differences of developing periods and features of source-reservoir-seal combinations.

关键词： Bay SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHIC FRAMEWORK AND HYDROCARBON DISTRIBUTION OF THE TERTIARY NONMARINE STRATA IN THE BOHAI BAY RIFT BASIN

The controlling factors and distribution prediction of H2S formation in marine carbonate gas reservoir,china

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Science Bulletin 2007年第S1期 150-163页

作者： ZHU GuangYou, ZHANG ShuiChang & LIANG YingBo research institute of petroleum exploration and development, petrochina, beijing 100083, china

Generally, there are some anhydrites in carbonate reservoir, as H2S is also familiar in carbonate oil and gas reservoirs. Nowadays, natural gas with high H2S concentration is usually considered as TSR origin, so there is close relationship between H2S and anhydrite. On the contrary, some carbonate rocks with anhydrite do not contain H2S. Recently, researches show that H2S is only a necessary condition of H2S formation. The reservoir porosity, sulfate ion content within formation water, reservoir temperature, oil/gas and water interface, hydrocarbon and some elements of reservoir rock have great controlling effects on the TSR occurrence. TSR deoxidizes hydrocarbon into the acidic gas such as H2S and CO2, and the H2S formation is controlled by TSR occurrence, so the relationship among reaction room, the contact chance of sulfate ion and hydrocarbon, the reservoir temperature has great influence on the TSR reaction. H2S has relatively active chemical quality, so it is still controlled by the content of heavy metal ion. Good conditions of TSR reaction and H2S preservation are the prerequisite of H2S distribution prediction. This paper builds a predictive model based on the characteristic of natural gas reservoir with high H2S-bearing. In the porosity reservoir with anhydrite, the formation water is rich in sulfate and poor in heavy metal ion. Oil and gas fill and accumulate in the gas reservoir with good preservation conditions, and they suffered high temperature later, which indicates the profitable area of natural gas with high H2S-bearing.

关键词： H2S carbonate rock distribution prediction controlling factors TSR Sichuan Basin

A kind of coccoid dinoflagel-lates-like fossils gives a new explanation of source of dinosterane in the Early-Middle Cambrian

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第5期46卷 420-423,442页

作者： BIAN Lizeng, ZHANG Shuichang, ZHANG Baomin, MAO Shaozhi & YIN LeimingDepartment of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093,china Key Laboratory of petroleum Geochemistry, china National petroleum Corporation, beijing 100083, china research institute of petroleum exploration and development, china National petroleum Corporation, beijing 100083, china china University of Geosciences, beijing 100083, china Nanjing institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, china Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China Key Laboratory of petroleum Geochemistry China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing China research institute of petroleum exploration and development China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing China china University of Geosciences Beijing China Nanjing institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China

The coccoid fossils covered with thick gelatinous envelop containing several gametes are discovered in gyps and salt deposits of Cambrian, H4 well and chert bed of the base of Yuertus Formation (∈11) of Xiaoerbulake Section. The fossils are described and compared with coccoid dinoflagellates. These fossils may be a coccoid life-cycle stage (vegetative cyst) of coccoid dinoflagellates. If this identification is correct, the coccoid dinoflagellates-like fossils could give a reasonable explanation of the dinoflagellate-specific biomarkers from Cambrian, H4 well, Tarim Basin.

关键词： coccoid dinoflagellates-like fossils dinoflagellate-specific biomarkers Cambrian Tarim Basin.

Impact of rock anisotropy on fracture development

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第11期18卷 1403-1408页

作者： Lianbo Zeng~(a,b,*) Jiyong Zhao~c Shengju Zhu~c Weiliang Xiong~c Yonghong He~c Jianwen Chen~c a Key State Laboratory of petroleum Resource and Prospecting in china University of petroleum,beijing 102249,china b Resources and Information Faculty,china University of petroleum,beijing 102249,china c exploration and development research institute,Changqing Oilfield Branch,Xi’an 710021,china Key State Laboratory of petroleum Resource and Prospecting in china University of petroleum Beijing 102249 China Resources and Information Faculty China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China exploration and development research institute Changqing Oilfield Branch Xi’an 710021 China

Experiments on uniaxial and triaxial rock mechanics and rock acoustic emissions have been conducted for research on the impact of rock anisotropy on the development of the fractures of different directions by taking as an example the ultra-low-permeability sandstone reservoir in the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation within the Ordos *** experimental results prove the existence of anisotropy of the rock mechanical property in the different directions on the plane,which is the chief reason for the production of impacts on the development of different assemblages of fractures in the geological *** rock anisotropy usually restricts the development of one assemblage of conjugate shear *** fractures in the Yanchang Formation within the Ordos Basin are mainly shear fractures that formed under two tectonic ***,here,four assemblages of shear fractures should have developed,but due to the effect of a strong rock anisotropy,in each period one assemblage of fractures chiefly ***,two assemblages of fractures are usually developed in every part at present.

关键词： Fracture Rock anisotropy Rock mechanical experiments Acoustic emission experiments

Physical simulation of fluid flow and production performance in extra-low permeability porous media

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petroleum Science 2009年第4期6卷 415-420页

作者： You Yuan Yue Xiang’an Li Mingyi Zhao Chunpeng Zhang Tao Key Laboratory of petroleum Engineering Ministry of EducationChina University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China Enhanced Oil Recovery research Center China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China Jilin Oil Field PetroChinaSongyuanJilin 138000China exploration&Production research institute SinopecBeijing 100083China exploration Department Changqing Oil FieldPetroChinaXi’anShaanxi 710018China

For extra-low permeability reservoirs, with a permeability of about 0.3×10?3 μm2, fluid flow and production performance in cores were studied. A long core holder with a multi-location piezometric measurement was specially designed. An artificial long core, about 700 mm long and with a cross section of 45mm×45mm, was used. In the experiment, pressure distribution along the core can be measured in real time. Single phase flow in the core was investigated. Different modes of production in long cores were also simulated including natural depletion, water flooding, and advanced water flooding. Through physical simulation, flow parameters were collected and production characteristics in extra-low permeability cores were studied. From experimental results, it can be seen that fluid flow in extra-low permeability cores is different from that in high permeability cores. Transmission of pressure in extra-low permeability cores is very slow, and it needs a long time for the pressure to become stable. The distribution curve of pressure along the core is nonlinear and the production rate in extra-low permeability reservoirs decreases sharply. The development effects of different production modes in extra-low permeability cores were compared with one another. Among the production modes, advanced water flooding has much potential for effective development of extra-low permeability reservoirs. Natural depletion and conventional water flooding can also be used in early production periods. In addition, the countermeasures and some ideas especially for the potential development of extra-low permeability reservoirs are suggested.

关键词： Extra-low permeability reservoirs physical simulation fluid flow production performance

A New Method of Identifying Gas Zones by Overlapping Hydrogen Index Curves

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石油勘探与开发 1994年第6期 103-111页

作者： Liu Shu-jie Tan Ting-dong (research institute of petroleum exploration and development, CNPC)

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关键词： neutron log density log gas reservoir hydrogen index