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2023 Guideline for the management of hypertension in the elderly population in China

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第6期21卷 589-630页

作者： Hypertension Branch of Chinese Geriatrics Society,beijing Hypertension Association,National Clinical Research center of the Geriatric Diseases Qi HUA Li FAN Zeng-Wu WANG Jing LI 不详 Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Chinese PLA General Hospital BeijingChina Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

Preamble Hypertension is one of the most common chronic diseases and the primary risk factor for stroke,myocardial infarction and even cardiovascular *** than half of the elderly population has high blood *** people are a unique group,and strategies for the prevention,diagnosis,evaluation,and treatment of hypertension in elderly individuals differ significantly from those in the general population.

关键词： hypertension prevention diagnosis

Numerical simulation of topography effects on the “00.7” severe rainfall in beijing

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第9期15卷 818-826页

作者： ZHANG Chaolin1**, JI Chongping1, KUO Yinghwa2, FAN Shuiyong1, XUAN Chunyi3 and CHEN Min1(1. Institute of Urban Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, beijing 100089, China 2. Mesoscale and Microscale Meteorology Division, National center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80307-3000, USA 3. beijing Meteorological Bureau, beijing 100089, China) Institute of Urban Meteorology China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100089 China. Mesoscale and Microscale Meteorology Division National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder CO 80307-3000 USA. beijing Meteorological Bureau Beijing 100089 China

In an effort to study the severe rainfall event of 4—5th July 2000 in beijing (with 24h accumulated precipitation of 240 mm), we perform numerical simulations to investigate this event using the MM5v3.6 model. The model is initialized with the MM5/WRF 3DVAR analysis, which incorporates the ground-based GPS precipitable water vapor, automatic and conventional meteorological observations in its assimilation step. For 24 h accumulated precipitation forecast, the threat scores are 0.72, 0.76, 0.67 and 0.63, for thresholds of 1, 5, 10, and 20 mm, respectively. Holding other factors unchanged, sensitivity experiments were conducted with different topographic resolutions of 110, 50 and 3.7 km to investigate the topographic effects on precipitation over the beijing area. In these sensitivity experiments, we attempt to preserve the realistic orographic distribution in the model topography under the condition of keeping the dynamic-thermodynamic consistency of the initial model atmosphere to the extent possible. Results indicate that the unique topographic distribution and variations in the beijing area play an important role in determining the location, distribution and intensity of heavy precipitation.

关键词： topography heavy rainfall 3DVAR ground-based GPS numerical simulation.

Local and non-local sources of airborne particulate pollution at beijing——The ratio of Mg/Al as an element tracer for estimating the contributions of mineral aerosols from outside beijing

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Science China Chemistry 2005年第3期48卷 253-264页

作者： HAN Lihui1, ZHUANG Guoshun1,2,3, SUN Yele1 & WANG Zifa3 1. The center for Atmospheric Environmental Study, Department of Chemistry, beijing Normal University, beijing 100875, China 2. center for Atmospheric Chemistry Study, Department of Environmental Science & Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China 3. LAPC/NZC, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, CAS, beijing 100029, China 1. The center for Atmospheric Environmental Study Department of Chemistry Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China 2. center for Atmospheric Chemistry Study Department of Environmental Science & Engineering Fudan University 200433 Shanghai China 3. Institute of Atmospheric Physics CAS LAPC/NZC 100029 Beijing China

A new element tracer technique has firstly been established to estimate the contri-butions of mineral aerosols from both inside and outside beijing. The ratio of Mg/Al in aerosol is a feasible element tracer to distinguish between the sources of inside and outside beijing. Mineral aerosol, inorganic pollution aerosol mainly as sulfate and nitrate, and organic aerosol are the major components of airborne particulates in beijing, of which mineral aerosol accounted for 32%―67% of total suspended particles （TSP）, 10%―70% of fine particles （PM2.5）, and as high as 74% and 90% of TSP and PM2.5, respectively, in dust storm. The sources from outside beijing contributed 62% （38%―86%） of the total mineral aerosols in TSP, 69% （52%―90%） in PM10, and 76% （59%―93%） in PM2.5 in spring, and 69% （52%―83%）, 79% （52%―93%）, and 45% （7%―79%） in TSP, PM10, and PM2.5, respectively, in winter, while only20% in summer and autumn. The sources from outside beijing contributed as high as 97% during dust storm and were the dominant source of airborne particulates in beijing. The contributions from outside Bei-jing in spring and winter are higher than those in summer, indicating clearly that it was related to the various meteorological factors.

关键词： mineral aerosol local sources non-local sources dust storm re-suspended dust element tracer technique.

Predictor-based error correction method in short-term climate prediction

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第1期18卷 129-135页

作者： Hongli Ren Laboratory for climate Studies,National climate center,China Meteorological Administration,beijing 100081,China Laboratory for climate Studies National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

In terms of the basic idea of combining dynamical and statistical methods in short-term climate prediction,a new prediction method of predictor-based error correction(PREC)is put forward in order to effectively use statistical experiences in dynamical ***- yses show that the PREC can reasonably utilize the significant correlations between predictors and model prediction errors and correct prediction errors by establishing statistical prediction ***,the PREC is further applied to the cross-validation experiments of dynamical seasonal prediction on the operational atmosphere-ocean coupled general circulation model of China Meteorological Admin- istration/National climate center by selecting the sea surface temperature index in Ninflo3 region as the physical predictor that represents the prevailing ENSO-cycle mode of interannual variability in climate *** is shown from the prediction results of summer mean circulation and total precipitation that the PREC can improve predictive skills to some *** the PREC provides a new approach for improving short-term climate prediction.

关键词： Short-term climate prediction Seasonal prediction Predictor Error correction

Relationship between the Asian-Pacific oscillation and the tropical cyclone frequency in the western North Pacific

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第3期51卷 380-385页

作者： ZHOU BoTao1, CUI Xuan2 & ZHAO Ping3 1 Laboratory for climate Studies, National climate center, China Meteorological Administration, beijing 100081, China 2 National Meteorological center, China Meteorological Administration, beijing 100081, China 3 Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, China Meteorological Administration, beijing 100081, China 1. Laboratory for climate Studies National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China 2. National Meteorological center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China 3. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

The relationship between the Asian-Pacific oscillation (APO) and the tropical cyclone frequency over the western North Pacific (WNP) in summer is preliminarily investigated through an analysis of ob- served data. The result has shown clearly that APO is significantly and positively correlated to the tropical cyclone frequency in the WNP. If APO is above (below) the normal in summer, more (less) tropical cyclones will tend to appear in the WNP. The present study also addresses the large-scale at- mospheric general circulation changes underlying the linkage between APO and the WNP tropical cy- clone frequency. It follows that a positive phase of summer APO is concurrent with weakened as well as northward and eastward located western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH), low-level convergence and high-level divergence, and reduced vertical zonal wind shear in the WNP, providing favorable envi- ronment for the tropical cyclone genesis, and thus more tropical cyclones will come into being, and vice versa.

关键词： Asian-Pacific oscillation western North Pacific tropical cyclone atmospheric circulation

Determination of atmospheric concentrations of halocarbons in beijing area

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1993年第1期5卷 76-82页

作者： Wang ShaobinResearch center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100085, ChinaPeng Lixin and Tang XiaoyanResearch center of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, beijing 100871, China Research center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China. China

Gas chromatography with ambient temperature injection and frozen-trapped techniques was used to determine the atmospheric concentrations of halocarbons over beijing. Halogenated compounds such as CFC-11, CFC-12, CHCl_3, CCl_4, CH_3CCl_3, CHCl =CCl_2, and CCl2=CCl2 were measured and their concentrations are 109±8, 234±13. 47±22, 97±24, 88±29, 11±1 and 17±3 (pptv), respectively.

关键词： GC-ECD atmospheric halocarbons beijing.

Teleconnection between the Indian summer monsoon onset and the Meiyu over the Yangtze River Valley

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第7期51卷 1021-1035页

作者： LIU YunYun1,2,3 & DING YiHui2 1 Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, beijing 100081, China 2 National climate center, beijing 100081, China 3 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100049, China 1. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China 2. National climate center Beijing 100081 China 3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Based on the Indian and Chinese precipitation data and the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis circulation data, the relationship between the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) onset and the Meiyu over the Yangtze River Valley has been discussed by the methods of correlation analysis and composite analysis. The results show that the date of ISM onset over Kerala in the southwestern coast of the Indian Peninsula is about two weeks earlier than the beginning of the Meiyu over the Yangtze River Valley. After the outbreak of ISM, the teleconnection mode sets up from the western coast of India via the Bay of Bengal (BOB) to the Yangtze River Valley and southern Japan. It is different both in time and space from the telecon- nection mode which is from the northwest of India via the Tibetan Plateau to northern China. The for- mer mode is defined as the "south" teleconnection of the Asian summer monsoon, forming in the pe- riod of ISM onset; while the latter mode is called the "north" teleconnection, mainly occurring in the Asian monsoon culminant period. During the process of the "south" teleconnection’s formation, the Asian monsoon circulation has experienced a series of important changes: ISM onset, the northward movement of the south Asia high (SAH), the onset vortex occurrence, the eastward extension of the stronger tropical westerly belt, and the northeastward jump of the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH), etc. Consequently, since ISM sets up over Kerala, the whole Asian continent is covered by the upper SAH after about two weeks, while in the mid- and lower troposphere, a strong wind belt forms from the Arabian Sea via the southern India, BOB and the South China Sea (SCS), then along the western flank of WPSH, to the Yangtze River Valley and southern Japan. With the northward moving of the subtropical jet streams, the upper westerly jet stream and the low level jet have been coupled ver- tically over east Asia, while the Yangtze River Valley happens to locate in the ascending motion

关键词： Indian summer monsoon (ISM) the Meiyu over the Yangtze River Valley teleconnection mode

Three-dimensional decomposition method of global atmospheric circulation

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第3期51卷 386-402页

作者： LIU HaiTao1,2,3, HU ShuJuan4, XU Ming5 & CHOU JiFan6,7 1 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100029, China 2 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100049, China 3.beijing climate center, beijing 100089, China 4 Department of Mathematics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China 5 Shanghai Typhoon Institute, Shanghai 200030, China 6 Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China 7 China Meteorological Administration Training center, beijing 100089, China 1. State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China 3. beijing climate center Beijing 100089 China 4. Department of Mathematics Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China 5. Shanghai Typhoon Institute Shanghai 200030 China 6. Department of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China 7. China Meteorological Administration Training center Beijing 100089 China

By adopting the idea of three-dimensional Walker, Hadley and Rossby stream functions, the global atmospheric circulation can be considered as the sum of three stream functions from a global perspective. Therefore, a m... 详细信息

关键词： three-dimensional decomposition of the global atmospheric circulation generalized Walker Hadley and Rossby stream functions existence and uniqueness vertical motion

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面向图像拼接检测的自适应残差算法

中国图象图形学报 2024年第2期29卷 419-429页

作者：张玲穆文鹏陈北京南京信息工程大学数字取证教育部工程研究中心南京210044 南京信息工程大学江苏省大气环境与装备技术协同创新中心南京210044 南京信息工程大学计算机学院南京210044

目的恶意的图像拼接篡改给名誉、法律、政治等带来一系列的挑战,而现有的图像拼接检测算法通常采用参数固定的高通滤波器提取滤波特征进行预处理,没有考虑图像之间的差异。方法本文设计自适应残差模块(adaptive residuals module, ARM... 详细信息

目的恶意的图像拼接篡改给名誉、法律、政治等带来一系列的挑战,而现有的图像拼接检测算法通常采用参数固定的高通滤波器提取滤波特征进行预处理,没有考虑图像之间的差异。方法本文设计自适应残差模块(adaptive residuals module, ARM)凸显拼接篡改痕迹,将卷积运算后的残差多次拼接,且每次拼接后再利用注意力机制实现通道间的非线性交互。然后,使用通道注意力SE(squeeze and excitation)模块以减少由ARM提取残差特征产生的通道之间信息冗余,并以在图像分类领域获得卓越性能的EfficientNet(high-efficiency network)为骨干网络,提出一种新的图像拼接检测算法。结果实验结果表明,所提算法在CASIA I(CASIA image tampering detection evaluation database),CASIA II,COLUMBIA COLOR,NIST16(NIST special database 16)和FaceForensic++这5个公开数据集上分别取得98.95%,98.88%,100%,100%,88.20%的检测准确率,获得比现有算法更高的准确率。提出的ARM将骨干网络EfficientNet在CASIA II数据集的准确率提高了3.94%以上。结论提出的基于自适应残差的图像拼接检测算法充分考虑图像之间的差异,凸显篡改区域与未篡改区域之间的区别,并获得更好的拼接检测结果。

关键词：图像取证深度神经网络图像拼接检测自适应残差 EfficientNet