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Model calculation of air-sea heat fluxes over ocean area near China with GEOS DAS system

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1999年第3期18卷 401-411页

作者：周明煜钱粉兰 Natl. Mar. Environ. Forecast. center State Oceanic Administration Beijing 100081 China

The sensible and latent heat fluxes over the ocean area near China were calculated and analyzed by usingthe Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) - four-dimensional Data Assimilation System (DAS). The calculated results showed that the sensible heat flux had its large value in winter and autumn , small value in spring and summer overthe ocean area near China. In winter, the sensible heat flux increased distinctly with latitude, and its isolines were verycrowded. Over the ocean area east of Taiwan Province and south of Japan, the direction of isoline was from southwestto northeast. In the South China Sea the sensible heat flux was lower than that of surrounding ocean areas,and its isoline was distributed into a type of an inverted trough. In autumn and winter, the maximum center of latent heat flux appeared over the ocean area northeast of Taiwan Province and south and southeast of Japan, meanwhile, the isoline wasin the direction of southwest to northeast. In spring and summer, the latent heat flux had minimum value in the Huanghai Sea. At the same time, the maximum value center of latent heat flux appeared over the ocean area south of Japan inspring.

关键词： GEOS DAS system the ocean area near China sensible heat flux latent heat flux

Distinguished Effects of Interannual Salinity Variability on the Development of the Central-Pacific El Ni o Events

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2012年第2期5卷 123-127页

作者： ZHENG Fei 1,WAN Li-Ying 2,and WANG Hui 3.1 International center for Climate and Environment Science (ICCES),Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,beijing 100029,China 2 Key Laboratory of Research on {3. Hazards forecasting,national {3. environmental forecasting center,beijing 100081,China 3.national Meteorological center,beijing 100081,China International center for Climate and Environment Science (ICCES) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Key Laboratory of Research on marine Hazards forecasting National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Beijing 100081 China national Meteorological center Beijing 100081 China

El Nio events in the central equatorial Pacific (CP) are gaining increased attention,due to their increasing intensity within the global warming *** physical processes have been identified in the climate system that can be responsible for the modulation of El Nio,especially the effects of interannual salinity *** this work,a comprehensive data analysis is performed to illustrate the effects of interannual salinity variability using surface and subsurface salinity fields from the Met Office ENSEMBLES (EN3. quality controlled ocean *** is demonstrated that during the developing phase of an El Nio event,a negative sea surface salinity (SSS) anomaly in the western-central basin acts to freshen the mixed layer (ML),decrease oceanic density in the upper ocean,and stabilize the upper *** related oceanic processes tend to reduce the vertical mixing and entrainment of subsurface water at the base of the ML,which further enhances the warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies associated with the El Nio ***,the effects of interannually variable salinity are much more significant during the CP-El Nio than during the eastern Pacific (EP) El Nio,indicating that the salinity effect might be an important contributor to the development of CP-El Nio events.

关键词： salinity effect CP-E1 Nifio EN3.dataset

Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China 2023.An Updated Summary

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Biomedical and environmental Sciences 2024年第9期37卷 949-992页

作者： national center for Cardiovascular Diseases The Writing Committee of the Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China Shengshou Hu .

Since 1990,China has made considerable progress in resolving the problem of“treatment difficulty”of cardiovascular diseases(CVD).The prevalent unhealthy lifestyle among Chinese residents has exposed a massive proportion of the population to CVD risk factors,and this situation is further worsened due to the accelerated aging population in *** remains one of the greatest threats to the health of Chinese *** terms of the proportions of disease mortality among urban and rural residents in China,CVD has persistently ranked *** 2021,CVD accounted for 48.98%and 47.3.%of deaths in rural and urban areas,*** out of every five deaths can be attributed to *** implement a national policy“focusing on the primary health institute and emphasizing prevention”and truly achieve a shift of CVD prevention and treatment from hospitals to communities,the national center for Cardiovascular Diseases has organized experts from relevant fields across China to compile the“Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China”annually since *** 2024 report is established based on representative,published,and high-quality big-data research results from cross-sectional and cohort population epidemiological surveys,randomized controlled clinical trials,large sample registry studies,and typical community prevention and treatment cases,along with data from some projects undertaken by the national center for Cardiovascular *** firsthand data not only enrich the content of the current report but also provide a more timely and comprehensive reflection of the status of CVD prevention and treatment in China.

关键词： Cardiovascular disease Risk factor Prevalence Mortality Rehabilitation Basic research Medical device development Health economics

The numerical simulation of Pacific Ocean circulation with five-level model

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1993年第3期12卷 395-404页

作者： Xing Runan and Chao Jiping beijing Meteorological College, beijing 100081 China national Research {3. for marine environmental Forecasts, beijing 100081, China

A five-level oceanic primitive equation model has been developed. This model is integrated numerically with annual mean wind stress and heat flux at sea surface for 3. a. The ocean circulations tend to quasi-stability. The simulated results show that the computed annual mean currents and sea surface temperature agree well with the observations.

关键词： heat The numerical simulation of Pacific Ocean circulation with five-level model

The coupling instability of Rossby and topographic Rossby waves in the equatorial area

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第10期48卷 1792-1801页

作者： CHAO Jiping1,2, LIU Lin1,3.& YU Weidong1 1. Laboratory of marine Science and Numerical Modeling, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266061, China 2. national Research center for marine environmental Forecasts, State Oceanic Administration, beijing 100081, China 3. Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003. China State Oceanic Administration Ocean University of China

In case of considering the fact that the tropical ocean thermocline or the lower at-mosphere height field has the meridional variation, the topographic Rossby wave will be excited. Also the background geostrophic current emerges. Under such conditions, the topographic Rossby wave can interact with the classical Rossby wave at some parameter band and thus brings a new kind of instability, which may be of potential application in understanding some phenomena of the ENSO cycle.

关键词： thermocline variation, equatorial jet, Rossby wave, topographic Rossby wave, coupling instability

Assimilation of temperature and salinity using isotropic and anisotropic recursive filters in Tropic Pacific

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2011年第1期30卷 15-23页

作者： LIU Ye ZHAO Yanling national marine environmental {3. center Beijing 100081 China No 61741 Army Troop Beijing 10081 China

A data assimilation scheme used in the updated Ocean three-dimensional Variational Assimila- tion System （OVALS）, OVALS2, is described. Based on a recursive filter （RF） to estimate the background error covariance （BEC） over a predetermined scale, this new analysis system can be implemented with anisotropic and isotropic BECs. Similarities and differences of these two BEC schemes are briefly discussed and their impacts on the model simulation are also investigated. An idealized experiment demonstrates the ability of the updated analysis system to construct different BECs. Furthermore, a set of three years experiments is implemented by assimilating expendable bathythermograph （XBT） and ARGO data into a Tropical Pacific circulation model. The TAO and WOA01 data are used to validate the assimilation results. The results show that the model simu- lations are substantially improved by OVALS2. The inter-comparison of isotropic and anisotropic BEC shows that the corresponding temperature and salinity produced by the anisotropic BEC are almost as good as those obtained by the isotropic one. Moreover, the result of anisotropic RF is slightly closer to WOA01 and TAO than that of isotropic RF in some special area （e.g. the cold tongue area in the Tropic Pacific）.

关键词： recursive filter anisotropic isotropic background error covariance

Satellite remote sensing of sea-ice and its operational monitoring method along the coast of China

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1989年第3期8卷 379-390页

作者： Gong Jialong national marine Environment forecasting {3., SOA, beijing. China national marine Environment forecasting {3. SOA Beijing China China

Sea-ice is an important operational item for real timely monitoring and forecasting marine environment of China. This paper introduces an operational method of satellite remote sensing to monitor sea- ice using quantitative data of NOAA, and its contents include computer processing of AVHRR sounding data of NOAA and its program design, imagery processing of sea-ice imagery from satellite and their thematic analysis. The sea-ice satellite colour imageries processed via this software system are able to interpret sea-ice pattern, characterizing it by thickness, maximum position of ice boundary, floe concentration and dynamic process of ice changing. At the same time, analyses of the ice condition of the Bohai Sea for the two-year period (1986-1988) as monitored by satellite have been summarized.

关键词： In Satellite remote sensing of sea-ice and its operational monitoring method along the coast of China

Absolute radiometric calibration of CBERS-02 IRMSS thermal band

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 72-90页

作者： ZHANG Yong1,2,3. GU Xingfa1,3.4, YU Tao1,3. ZHANG Yuxiang5, CHEN Liangfu1,3. LI Xiaoying1,2,3. LI Xiaowen1,3.& HE Liming6 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and beijing Normal University, beijing 100101, China 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10003., China 3. The {3. for national Spaceborne Demonstration, beijing 100101, China 4. Institut national de la Recherche Agronomique, Climat Sol Environnement, 84914 Avignon, France 5. national Satellite Meteorological {3., beijing 100081, China 6. State environmental Protection Administration, beijing 100029, China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Beijing Normal University Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate University Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China center for national Spaceborne Demonstration Beijing 100101 China national Satellite Meteorological center Beijing 100081 China Institut national de la Recherche Agronomique Climat Sol Environnement 84914 Avignon France State environmental Protection Administration Beijing 100029 China

Based on the laboratory calibration before launch of CBERS-02 IRMSS thermal infrared channel, the onboard blackbody calibration, the radiometric cross- calibration against TERRA MODIS corresponding channel and the in-flight field calibration at Lake Qinghai: water surface radiometric calibration test site of China on Aug. 17, 2004 are carried out in this research. When making onboard blackbody calibration of CBERS-02 IRMSS, it is necessary to understand inside structures and light path in IRMSS camera and receive and process calibration blackbody signals at normal and high temperatures. Onboard blackbody calibration results of each detector are very important to relative radiometric calibration of images processing and absolute radiometric calibration of each detector. In-flight field calibration mainly contains field experiments, obtaining synchronous images, spectrum marching and MODTRAN radiative transmi- ssion computation. Radiometric cross-calibration of CBERS-02 IRMSS thermal band against TERRA MODIS selected 6 times synchronous images of two sensors passing through Lake Qinghai and Lake Taihu from August to December, 2004 to compute the cross calibration data. Combining the in-flight field calibration and radiometric cross calibration data, the absolute radiometric calibration coefficients are calculated by the linear regression method. This new calibration model can obviously control the radiometric calibration uncertainties aroused by the single point method used in the in-flight calibration of CBERS-02 IRMSS, this kind of sensors cannot receive the cosmic background radiation. In this research, the radiometric calibration coefficients obtained through the linear regression model are 8.53.(gain, unit: DN/W m?2sr?1μm?1) and 44.92 (offset, unit: DN).

关键词： CBERS-02 IRMSS thermal band in-flight field calibration onboard blackbody calibration cross calibration.

Semi-analytical analysis of the response of the air temperature over the land surface to the global vegetation distribution

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第14期54卷 2499-2505页

作者： LIU Fei1,2 & CHAO JiPing3.4 1 Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100029, China 2 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100049, China 3.national marine environmental forecasting center,{3., China 4 First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration of China, Qingdao 266061, China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China national marine environmental {3. center Beijing China First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration of China Qingdao China

Response of the air temperature over the land surface to the global vegetation distribution is investigated, using a three-dimensional governing equation to simulate the steady, large-scale, limited amplitude perturbation of the free, inviscid and adiabatic atmosphere. The adoption of the static equation leads to a temperature governing equation in the terrain following coordinate. With the prescribed temperature as the upper boundary condition and the radiation balance as the lower boundary condition, the semi-analytical solution of the global circulation temperature can be calculated. In this article, only the air temperature (at 2 m height) over the land surface is analyzed, and the result suggests that this model can simulate the air temperature pattern over the land surface reasonably. A better simulation occurs when a simple feedback of the albedo on the temperature is included. Two sensitivity experiments are analyzed through this model. One suggests that the air temperature over the land surface descends obviously when the land surface is covered with ice all over, while another suggests that the air temperature rises a little when the land surface is covered with forest except the ice-covered area. This model appears to be a good tool to study the response of the air temperature to the vegetation distribution. Limitations of the model are also discussed.

关键词：空气温度植被分布陆地表面反应解析分析模拟模式控制方程边界条件