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Comparative pharmacokinetic studies of norfloxacin in the penaeid shrimps,Penaeus vannamei and Penaeus monodon

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Comparative pharmacokinetic studies of norfloxacin in the pe...

Numerical study on residual current and its impact on mass transport in the Hangzhou Bay and the Changjiang Estuary Ⅱ. Residual current and its impact on mass transport in winter

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作者： Fang Wenhong Zheng Guoxing (key laboratory of Marine and Estuarine Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture, east {3. Sea Fisheries research Institute,chinese academy of Fishery sciences,Shanghai 200090)

The hemolymph concentrations of norfloxacin in Penaeid shrimps were determined by the high performance liquid chromatograph(HPLC). The pharmacokinetics of norfloxacin in giant tiger prawn(Penaeus monodon)at brackish water with 1‰ salinity and seawater with 15‰ salinity and whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei)at seawater with 15‰ salinity were compared after they were given a single dose of norfloxacin (10 mg/kg) via the intramuscle injection and the whiteleg shrimp was given a single dose of norfloxacin(3. mg/kg) via oral administration. A two-compartment open phar-macokinetic model was used to describe the hemolymph norfloxacin concentration-time profiles in the giant tiger prawn and whiteleg shrimp following the intramuscle administration. The pharmacokinetic models were C0=3..422×e-9.778t + 4.3.3.e-0.165t for the whiteleg shrimp at 1‰ salinity, C0= 3..144×e-13.3.5t +7.888×e-0.608t for the whiteleg shrimp at 15‰ salinity, and C0 = 29.771×e-12.905t + 9.976×e-1.070t for the giant tiger prawn at 15‰ salinity. The area under the concentration versus time curve (AUC),total body clearance(CLs) and apparent volume of distribution(Vd) in the giant tiger prawn were 11.63.μg·h/mL,859.8 mL/kg·h and 804 mL/kg,respectively;the corresponding values for the whiteleg shrimp at 1‰ salinity were 3..06 μg·h/mL、3.2.7 mL/kg·h and 2 016 mL/kg,respectively,and 15.61 μg·h/mL,640.6 mL/kg·h and 1 053.6 mL/kg, respectively. Results of the present studies indicate that there are species and difference in pharmacokinetics between giant tiger prawn and whiteleg shrimp. In Penaeid shrimps salinity may more greatly affect the pharmacokinetics of norfloxacin than species difference. Following oral administration, the hemolymph concentration-time profile of norfloxacin in the whiteleg shrimp appeared two peaks of hemolymph concentration. The two peaks of hemolymph concentration were 2.86 μg/mL and 2.04 μg/mL,respectively occurred at 4 h and 12 h. The area under curve following oral administration wa

关键词： Penaeus vannamei Penaeus monodon norfloxacin Pharmacokinetics Hemolymph

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2001年第1期20卷 153-170页

作者： Zhu Shouxian, Dang Pingxing, Shi Fengyan, Zhu Jianrong ( State key laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal research, {3. china Normal University, Shanghai 200062, china Meteorology Institute of the PLA Science and Engineering University, Nanjing 211101, Ch State key Lab. Estuarine Coast. Res. East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China Meteorology Institute PLA Sci. and Engineering University Nanjing 211101 China

Some observational characteristics of residual current and mass transport in the Hangzhou Bay and the Changjiang Estuary in winter are analyzed. The residual current and its impact on mass transport are simulated with a 3.- D joint model for the Hangzhou Bay and the Changjiang Estuary, in which the impacts of river flux, wind, baroclinic pressure gradient (BPG), background current in the east china Sea and tide (including M2, S2, K1 and O1) are taken into account. Based on there studies, further simulations are made to analyze the dynamical mechanisms of the observational characteristics.

关键词： The Hangzhou Bay the Changjing Estuary residual current mass transport numerical study winter

Effect of the Structure and Acidic Property of Activated Bentonite on Removal of Olefin in Aromatics

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china Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2009年第4期11卷 23-26页

作者： Wu Wenjuan Chen Changwei Wang Xin Shi Li (The State key laboratory of Chemical Engineering,east {3. University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 20023.) State key laboratory of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China

In this research work,three kinds of activated bentonite used as solid acid catalysts had been synthesized and studied on removal of olefins from the reformate *** bentonite samples were analyzed using the BET and pyridine-FTIR measurements to investigate their physical and chemical *** results showed that both textural properties and surface acidity of the bentonite could affect the catalytic *** the catalyst samples,one kind of bentonite purchased from Hubei with high surface area,high pore volume and more acid sites revealed high activity in removing olefins from the reformate.

关键词： bentomte N_2 adsorption isotherm pore size distribution acid sites

A　BFG　model　for　calculation　of　tidal　current　and　diffusion　of　pollutants　in　nearshore　areas

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1996年第3期15卷 283-296页

作者： Shi Fengyan and Zheng Lianyuan(State key laboratory of Estuarine and ￣tal research, Institute of Estuarine and Coastal research, east china NOrmalUniversity, Shanghai 200062, china)(Department of Marine audiences, the University of georgia. Athens. GA State key laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal research Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China Department of Marine sciences University of Georgia Athens GA 30602-2206 United States

This study presents a boundary-fitted grid (BFG) numerical model with an aim to simulate the tidal currents and diffusion of pollutants in complicated nearshore areas. To suit the general model to any curvilinear grids, generalized 2-D shallow sea dynamic equations and the advection diffusion equation are derived in curvilinear coordinates, and the contravariant components of the velocity vector are adopted for easily realizing boundary conditions and making the equations conservational. As the generalized equations are not limited by a speCific coordinate transformation. a self-adaptive grid generation method is then proposed conveniently to generate a boundary-fitted and varying SPacing *** calculation in the Yangpu Bay and the Xinying Bay shows that this is an effective model for calculating tidal currents and diffusion of pollutants in the more complicated nearshore areas.

关键词： BFG model numerical calculation shallow sea equations and advection diffusion equation in curvilinear Coordinates

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鼎湖山土壤有机质深度分布的剖面演化机制

土壤学报 2005年第1期42卷 1-8页

作者：陈庆强沈承德孙彦敏彭少麟易惟熙李志安姜漫涛华东师范大学河口海岸国家重点实验室上海200062 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所广州510640 中国科学院华南植物研究所广州510650

根据鼎湖山森林植被带(SL)、灌丛—草甸过渡带土壤剖面(GC)有机质含量,有机质Δ14C、δ13.值,土壤粘粒含量及孢粉分析结果,研究华南亚热带山地土壤有机质深度分布特征的成因机制。结果表明土壤有机质的深度分布特征与土壤剖面的发育过... 详细信息

根据鼎湖山森林植被带(SL)、灌丛—草甸过渡带土壤剖面(GC)有机质含量,有机质Δ14C、δ13.值,土壤粘粒含量及孢粉分析结果,研究华南亚热带山地土壤有机质深度分布特征的成因机制。结果表明土壤有机质的深度分布特征与土壤剖面的发育过程密切相关,随深度增大,有机质的来源数量不断减少,而成土时间增加,分解作用导致的有机质含量降低幅度增大,有机质含量不断减少。土壤有机质14C表观年龄随深度增加,土壤有机质δ13.值与有机质含量的深度变化具有明显对应关系,这些都是土壤剖面发育过程中有机质不同更新周期组分呈规律性分解的结果。粘粒的深度分布反映土壤剖面淋滤淀积的特点,表明土壤剖面经受了长期成土风化。土壤剖面的上述特征均为剖面发育过程中不断沉积、不断成土的结果,表明土壤剖面成土演化对于有机质深度分布具有显著制约。

关键词：土壤剖面土壤有机质有机质含量发育过程成土鼎湖山深度分布 δ^13. 表观成因机制

Modeling of state of vegetation and soil erosion over large areas

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International Journal of Sediment research 2008年第3期23卷 181-196页

作者： Zhao-Yin WANG1*, Guangqian WANG2, and Guohe HUANG3. Prof., State key laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, china2 Prof., State key laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, china3.Prof. and Canada research Chair, environmental Systems Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, University of Regina, Regina, Sask S4S 0A2, Canada [a]Prof. State key laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 china [b]Prof. State key laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 china Tel: 86-10-62781748 Fax: 86-10-62772463. [c]Prof. and Canada research Chair environmental Systems Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering University of Regina Regina Sask S4S 0A2 Canada

A vegetation-erosion model was developed to assess the extent of soil erosion and development trend of vegetation in the context of existing and contemplated vegetation-based soil erosion controls under different climatic, topographical and soil conditions. The model recognizes four vegetation-mediated soil erosion states: (i) an expanding vegetation coverage coupled with reduced erosion (C), (ii) a deteriorating vegetation coverage coupled with increased erosion (A), (iii) two transitional states between A and C, one with increasing erosion and vegetation coverage (B) and the other with decreasing erosion and vegetation coverage (D). With the model, the vegetation-erosion state of any particular area can be quantitatively described, by way of a vegetation-erosion chart, for varying climate, soil and topographic conditions, as demonstrated for the Xishan region, the east River basin, the Wangjiagou and Anjiagou watersheds (Loess Plateau), and the Xiaojiang watersheds (hot and dry valleys in the upper Yangtze River basin) in china. This paper presents the principles and results of area-specific investigations that track the fractions of the areas covered by vegetation and experiencing soil erosion (with soil loss determined in t/km2yr). This is done within the context of local soil erosion control initiatives via re-vegetation efforts, or the lack thereof, over the course of 3. years. The effectiveness of reforestation and erosion-control measures vary under different climatic, topographical and soil conditions. The vegetation may be quickly restored in the hot and wet east River basin but is very difficult on the dry and cold Loess Plateau. In the hot and dry valleys the vegetation can be restored if erosion is controlled and intensive reforestations for small watersheds are performed.

关键词： Soil erosion Vegetation coverage Loess Plateau Vegetation-erosion chart Reforestation

Novel associations between rhizobial populations and legume species within the genera Lathyrus and Oxytropis grown in the temperate region of china

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Science china(Life sciences) 2009年第2期52卷 182-192页

作者： SUI XinHua, HAN LiLi, WANG EnTao, JIANG Feng, LIU YiHai & CHEN WenXin State key laboratory for AgroBiotechnology, key laboratory of Agro-Microbial Resource and Application, Ministry of Agricul- ture/College of Biological sciences, china Agricultural University, Beijing 100193. china 1. State key laboratory for AgroBiotechnology Key Laboratory of Agro-Microbial Resource and Application Ministry of Agriculture/College of Biological Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China

Fifty rhizobial isolates of Lathyrus and Oxytropis collected from northern regions of china were studied in their genotypic characterization based upon analyses of ARDRA, 16S-23. IGS PCR-RFLP, TP-RAPD, MLEE, sequences of 16S rDNA gene and housekeeping genes of atpD, recA and glnII. The results demonstrated that most of the Lathyrus rhizobia belonged to Rhizobium and most of the Oxytropis rhizobia belonged to Sinorhizobium. A novel group of Rhizobium sp. I and S. meliloti were identified as the main microsymbionts respectively associated with Lathyrus and Oxytropis species in the collection area, which were new associations between rhizobia and the mentioned hosts. This study also provides new evidence for biogeography of rhizobia.

关键词： Lathyrus Oxytropis rhizobia genotypic diversity northern china

SHRINKAGE OF THE ESTUARINE CHANNELS OF THEHAIHE DRAINAGE SYSTEM AND ITS INFLUENCES ON FLOOD HAZARD

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International Journal of Sediment research 1999年第2期14卷 65-76页

作者： HU Shixiong WANG Zhaoyin and DING Pingxing (International research and Training Center of Erosion and Sediment, P.O.Box 3.6, Beijing 100044, china) (The State key {3. of Estuarine and Coastal research, east china Normal University, Shanghai, 20

The reductions of runoff and sediment load in the Haihe River Basin and the causes of the shrinkage of the estuarine channels are analyzed in this paper it is concluded that the modern Yellow River sediment can be transported to the south part of the Bohai Bay, but rarely to the north part and the Tianjin Harbor. Sediment from the mid of the Bohai Bay does not affect the estuarine channels. The sediment caused the estuarine channels shrinkage are from the modern and ancient Yellow and the Haihe River deposit removed by wave. tidal current, and beach erosion. The influences of the estuary shrinkage on the flood discharge capacity of the river mouth channels and the flood hazard are discussed. The maximum capacity of the reservoirs and pools is about 20 billion m3.n the south part of the basin while the capacity in the north part is only 7.5 billion m3. Two 100 years floods occurred in the watershed in 1963.and in1996 with total runoff about 3. billion m3.ach. The economic loss in 1996 is about $6 billion, nearly two times of that in 1963.in the south part of the area. One of the main reasons is that the discharge capacity of the channels in the area had reduced by 50%. If another 100 years flood occurs in the south part again, the economic loss will be similar to that in 1996. If a 100 years flood occurs in the north part, the economic loss will be much higher than that in 1996. Because the storage capacity of reservoirs and pools in the area is much less than that in the south area. and discharge capacities of the north estuarine channels decreased more sharply than that of the south. Strategies for controlling estuary shrinkage are suggested. Physical and mathematical models show that trailer dredging combined with scouring with runoff or tidal water is economical and practical. Guiding dikes at the river mouths to prevent turbidity water entering into the estuarine channel will be a major strategy. Building a new gate combining the harbor may also mitigate the sed

关键词： Shrinkage of the estuarine channel the Haihe Drainage System Flood hazard

Case studies on mesoscale structures of heavy rainfall system in the Yangtze River generated by Meiyu front

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Science china Earth sciences 2005年第8期48卷 1303-1311页

作者： LIU Liping1, RUAN Zheng1 & QIN Danyu2 1. chinese academy of Meteorological sciences, Beijing 100081, {3. 2. Nanjing Institute of Meteorology, Nanjing 210044, {3. 1. chinese academy of Meteorological sciences 100081 Beijing China 2. Nanjing Institute of Meteorology 210044 Nanjing China

A heavy rainfall system was observed over the Yangtze River during Meiyu season by using dual-Doppler radar systems in the field experiment conducted by the project of National Fundamental research Planning “research on formation mechanism and the prediction theory of hazardous weather over china”. The three-dimensional mesoscale kinematic structure and process of a heavy rain on 22 and 23.July, 2002 are investigated by using the radial velocity and dual-Doppler radar technique. The results show that a southwest-north{3. oriented rain band with the length of about 1000 km involves numbers of meso-β or meso-γ-scale convective cells with the size of 20―50 km. The heavy rain band in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River ex-ists in a low-level wind shear. The interaction between southwest low-level jet on the southern side of wind shear and {3. wind on the northern side formed the updraft. The wind disturbance, wind shear and convergence generate the convective action. The new cell developed in right rear flank of rain band and moved to the southwest wind area, where the vapor is abundant. This kind of echo can last a long time and developed well. The strong convective echoes are often ac-companied by the meso-γ-scale vortex and convergence.

关键词： heavy rainfall in Meiyu front, mesoscale structure, dual-Doppler radar, middle reaches of the Yangtze River, low-level jet.