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Prediction of petroleum exploration risk and subterranean spatial distribution of hydrocarbon accumulations

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Petroleum Science 2011年第1期8卷 17-23页

作者： Xie Hongbing Guo Qiulin Li Feng Li Jianzhong Wu Na Hu Suyun Liang Kun School of Energy Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Research institute of Petroleum Exploration ＆ Development PetroChinaBeijing 100083China Science ＆ Technology Management Department China National Petroleum CorporationBeijing 100007China

Investigation of spatial distribution of oil and gas resource and accurate prediction of the geographic location of its undiscovered resource is significant for reducing exploration risk and improving exploration benefit.A new method for predicting spatial distribution of oil resource is discussed in this *** consists of prediction of risk probability in petroleum exploration and simulation of hydrocarbon abundance. Exploration risk probability is predicted by multivariate statistics,fuzzy mathematics and information processing techniques.A spatial attribute database for sample wells was set up and the Mahalanobis distance and Fuzzy value of given samples were ***,the Bayesian formula was used to calculate the hydrocarbon-bearing probability at the area of exploration ***,a hydrocarbon probability template is formed and used to forecast the probability of the unknown area. The hydrocarbon abundance is simulated based on Fourier integrals,frequency spectrum synthesis and fractal ***,the fast Fourier transformation（FFT） is used to transform the known hydrocarbon abundance from the spatial domain to the frequency domain,then,frequency spectrum synthesis is used to produce the fractal frequency spectrum,and FFT is applied to get the phase information of hydrocarbon-bearing ***,the frequency spectrum simulation is used to calculate the renewed hydrocarbon abundance in the play. This method is used to predict the abundance and possible locations of the undiscovered petroleum accumulations in the Nanpu Sag of the Bohai Bay Basin,*** prediction results for the well-explored onshore area of the northern Nanpu Sag agree well with the actual *** the less-explored offshore areas in the southern Nanpu Sag,the prediction results suggest high hydrocarbon abundance in Nanpu-1 and Nanpu-2.providing a useful guiding for future exploration.

关键词： Hydrocarbon resources abundance risk forecast Nanpu sag frequency spectrum simulation fractal theory

A　SEM　STUDY　OF　ORE　MINERALS　OF　THE　XIALEI　MANGANESE　ORE　DEPOSIT，　DAXING　PREFECTURE，　GUANGXI　ZHUANG　AUTONOMOUS　REGION，　CHINA

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Scientia Geologica Sinica 1994年第3期 289-294页

作者： Tang Shirong (institute of geology,{2., Betjfng 10002.)Lui Wenjun and Luan Shiwei (Chengdu College of Science and Technology, Chengdu 610059

ＡＳＥＭＳＴＵＤＹＯＦＯＲＥＭＩＮＥＲＡＬＳＯＦＴＨＥＸＩＡＬＥＩＭＡＮＧＡＮＥＳＥＯＲＥＤＥＰＯＳＩＴ，ＤＡＸＩＮＧＰＲＥＦＥＣＴＵＲＥ，ＧＵＡＮＧＸＩＺＨＵＡＮＧＡＵＴＯＮＯＭＯＵＳＲＥＧＩＯＮ，ＣＨＩＮＡ￥Ｔａ... 详细信息

ＡＳＥＭＳＴＵＤＹＯＦＯＲＥＭＩＮＥＲＡＬＳＯＦＴＨＥＸＩＡＬＥＩＭＡＮＧＡＮＥＳＥＯＲＥＤＥＰＯＳＩＴ，ＤＡＸＩＮＧＰＲＥＦＥＣＴＵＲＥ，ＧＵＡＮＧＸＩＺＨＵＡＮＧＡＵＴＯＮＯＭＯＵＳＲＥＧＩＯＮ，ＣＨＩＮＡ￥ＴａｎｇＳｈｉｒｏｎｇ（Ｉｎｓｔｉｔｕ...

关键词： ORE MINERALS OF SEM AUTONOMOUS

Biodegradation and origin of oil sands in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin

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Petroleum Science 2008年第2期5卷 87-94页

作者： Zhou Shuqing Huang Haiping Liu Yuming School of Energy Resource China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Department of geology and geophysics University of Calgary T2N 1N4 Calgary Canada

The oil sands deposits in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin （WCSB） comprise of at least 85% of the total immobile bitumen in place in the world and are so concentrated as to be virtually the only such deposits that are economically recoverable for conversion to oil. The major deposits are in three geographic and geologic regions of Alberta： Athabasca, Cold Lake and Peace River. The bitumen reserves have oil gravities ranging from 8 to 12. API, and are hosted in the reservoirs of varying age, ranging from Devonian （Grosmont Formation） to Early Cretaceous （Mannville Group）. They were derived from light oils in the southern Alberta and migrated to the north and east for over 100 km during the Laramide Orogeny, which was responsible for the uplift of the Rocky Mountains. Biodegradation is the only process that transforms light oil into bitumen in such a dramatic way that overshadowed other alterations with minor contributions. The levels of biodegradation in the basin increasing from west （non-biodegraded） to east （extremely biodegraded） can be attributed to decreasing reservoir temperature, which played the primary role in controlling the biodegradation regime. Once the reservoir was heated to approximately 80℃, it was pasteurized and no biodegradation would further occur. However, reservoir temperature could not alone predict the variations of the oil composition and physical properties. Compositional gradients and a wide range ofbiodegradation degree at single reservoir column indicate that the water-leg size or the volume ratio of oil to water is one of the critical local controls for the vertical variations ofbiodegradation degree and oil physical properties. Late charging and mixing of the fresh and degraded oils ultimately dictate the final distribution of compositions and physical properties found in the heavy oil and oil sand fields. Oil geochemistry can reveal precisely the processes and levels that control these variations in a given field, which opens the

关键词： Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB) oil sands biodegradation mixing

APPLICATION OF ENTHAIPY METHOD FOR MOVING BOUNDARY PROBLEM IN LASER SURFACE MELTING

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 1999年第3期12卷 198-205页

作者： Wang Huicai Hong Youshi (Laboratory for Nonlinear Mechanics of Continuous Media,institute of Mechanics,chinese {2. of sciences,beijing 100080,China)

A numerical analysis was carried out to study the moving boundary problem in the physical process of pulsed Nd-YAG laser surface melting prior to *** enthalpy method was applied to solve this two-phase axisymmetrical mehing *** results of tempera ture fields were obtained,which provide useful information to practical lair treatment processing. The validity of enthalpy method in solving such problems is presented.

关键词： enthalpy method puled Nd-YAG laser Stefan problem temperature field latent heat of fusion

GEOCHEMICAL EVOLUTION　OF　AMALGAMATED　LITHOSPHERIC　MANTLEFROM　SOUTHWESTERN　YUNNAN，CHINA

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Scientia Geologica Sinica 1996年第4期 419-424页

作者： Satoshi Okamura (Sapporo Campus, Hokkaido Education University, Sapporo 002. Japan)Wu Genyao (Laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonics Evolution, institute of geology,{2.,beijing 10002., China)Zhao Chonghe (Department of geology and Mi

ＧＥＯＣＨＥＭＩＣＡＬＥＶＯＬＵＴＩＯＮＯＦＡＭＡＬＧＡＭＡＴＥＤＬＩＴＨＯＳＰＨＥＲＩＣＭＡＮＴＬＥＦＲＯＭＳＯＵＴＨＷＥＳＴＥＲＮＹＵＮＮＡＮ，ＣＨＩＮＡＳａｔｏｓｈｉＯｋａｍｕｒａ（ＳａｐｐｏｒｏＣａｍｐｕｓ，...

ＧＥＯＣＨＥＭＩＣＡＬＥＶＯＬＵＴＩＯＮＯＦＡＭＡＬＧＡＭＡＴＥＤＬＩＴＨＯＳＰＨＥＲＩＣＭＡＮＴＬＥＦＲＯＭＳＯＵＴＨＷＥＳＴＥＲＮＹＵＮＮＡＮ，ＣＨＩＮＡＳａｔｏｓｈｉＯｋａｍｕｒａ（ＳａｐｐｏｒｏＣａｍｐｕｓ，ＨｏｋｋａｉｄｏＥｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎ...

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Optimizing the Ex-post Trading Profits in a Financial Market

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运筹学学报 1997年第1期1卷 2-13页

作者： KIN LAM（Department of Finance and Decision sciences, School of Business, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong) XIANG-SUN ZHANG(institute of Applied Mathematics, The{2., beijing, China) WEI LI（Department of Finance and Decisi 香港浸会大学香港中科院应用数学所北京

Consider investing in an asset in a financial market. Given the investment returnri in day i, consider the problem of making an investmeat decision di in day i wheredi= 1,0, -1, has the meaning that the investor maintains a long, neutral or shortposition of the asset. The overall invest return over an n day period is given bywhere c=transaction cO8t and d0 = dn+1 = 0 are given. The optinization problemof maximizing IR(d) is considered. Analytic solution of the opthaation porblem isobtained. The solution is shown to be closely related to Alexander’s tilter trading ruleand has praCtical implication in applying neural network to generate trading signals ina financial maket.

关键词： filter trading rule optimization finance investment neural network training set

Rb－Sr ISOTOPE DATING ON FENITES FROM BAYANOBO，INNERMONGOLIA，CHINAAND THEIR GEOLOGICALIMPLICATIONS

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Scientia Geologica Sinica 1994年第4期 457-467页

作者： Yang Xueming(Department of Earth and Space sciences, China University of Science and Technology, Hefei 2.002.) Zhang Peishan Tao Kejie Zhang Rengu(institute of {2., chinese academy of sciences beijing 10002.)Yang Xiaoyong(Department of Earth and Spa

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Ｒｂ－ＳｒＩＳＯＴＯＰＥＤＡＴＩＮＧＯＮＦＥＮＩＴＥＳＦＲＯＭＢＡＹＡＮＯＢＯ，ＩＮＮＥＲＭＯＮＧＯＬＩＡ，ＣＨＩＮＡＡＮＤＴＨＥＩＲＧＥＯＬＯＧＩＣＡＬＩＭＰＬＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＳＹａｎｇＸｕｅｍｉｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＥａｒｔｈａｎｄＳｐａｃ...

关键词： Rb INNERMONGOLIA CHINAAND THEIR GEOLOGICALIMPLICATIONS Sr ISOTOPE DATING ON FENITES FROM BAYANOBO

万事胚胎始于州县乎?——从命案之代验再论清代佐杂审理权限

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法制与社会发展 2011年第4期17卷 95-103页

作者：茆巍中国社会科学院法学研究所北京100720

清人谓"万事胚胎始于州县",今人亦多认为佐杂系闲曹,但事实并非如此。清代的佐杂逐渐获得命案的检验权,且配有仵作,其权限亦逐渐完整,从原来需印官覆验,发展到直接由佐杂在验后填格取结即可。命案在州县官的审理权中具有核心意义,检验... 详细信息

清人谓"万事胚胎始于州县",今人亦多认为佐杂系闲曹,但事实并非如此。清代的佐杂逐渐获得命案的检验权,且配有仵作,其权限亦逐渐完整,从原来需印官覆验,发展到直接由佐杂在验后填格取结即可。命案在州县官的审理权中具有核心意义,检验则在命案处理中又具有核心意义,佐杂在获得检验权的同时,亦获得了命案事实上的审理权,并由此必然获得其他案件的审理权。因此,必须承认佐杂在州县之下发挥着一级审判机关的作用,万事胚胎亦由他们始。

关键词：佐杂命案代验审判权限

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鸣禽发声学习记忆与即刻早期基因

生物化学与生物物理进展 2002年第2期29卷 173-176页

作者：赵静李东风中国科学院生物物理研究所脑与认知科学研究中心中国科学院视觉信息加工重点实验室北京100101 东北师范大学生命科学学院长春130024

鸣禽受到声音信号的刺激或自身表现出发声行为时 ,脑内即刻早期基因 (immediateearlygene ,IEG)能迅速被激活而表达 .其中zenk、c fos和c jun表达的脑区及水平与鸟在鸣唱时神经元的活动区域及活动程度相一致 ,暗示IEG在鸣禽发声学习记... 详细信息

鸣禽受到声音信号的刺激或自身表现出发声行为时 ,脑内即刻早期基因 (immediateearlygene ,IEG)能迅速被激活而表达 .其中zenk、c fos和c jun表达的脑区及水平与鸟在鸣唱时神经元的活动区域及活动程度相一致 ,暗示IEG在鸣禽发声学习记忆中起重要作用 .

关键词：发声学习记忆即刻早期基因鸣禽脑区