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CO observations of massive star forming regions at different evolutionary phases

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2006年第5期49卷 626-640页

作者： CHEN Xi1,2. XU Ye1,3. SHEN Zhiqiang1,3.& LI Jingjing1,2.1. Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, {2. Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 2.003., china 2. graduate School of the {2. Academy of Sciences, beijing 10003., china 3. Joint Institute for Galaxy and Cosmology, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory and the university of Science and Technology of china, Shanghai 2.003., china Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200030 China graduate School of the chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100034 China Joint Institute for Galaxy Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical Observatory the university of Science Technology of china Shanghai 200030 China

The 12.O (J=1-0), 13.O (J=1-0) and C18O (J=1-0) emissions in 9 massive star forming regions, which are believed to be at different stages of massive star formation, were mapped with the 13.7 m millimeter wave telescope at Qinghai Station of Purple Mountain Observatory. Of the observed 9 sources, 13.O cores were detected in seven of them, and C18O cores in five of them. And only two sources associated with C18O cores and H2. masers showed the extended structures and strong outflows. This is the first detection of outflow associated with IRAS 2.566+582. in the observing field of S152.S153. The physical parameters of cores and outflows for these sources, derived from Local Thermal Equilibrium (LTE) analysis, are presented. These observing results suggest that the C18O cores will only appear when the gas density is high enough and the probability to have an outflow is very high when the clumps show the C18O and H2. maser simulta- neously.

关键词： star formation cloud core outflow H2. maser

A new DNA algorithm to solve graph coloring problem

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第6期17卷 733-738页

作者： Jiang Xingpeng1, Li Yin2. Meng Ya3.and Meng Dazhi2.1. National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition,Institute of Automation, chinese Academy of Sciences, {2. 100080, china 2. College of Applied Sciences, {2. university of Technology, {2. 10002., china 3. School of Science, {2. Institute of Technology, {2. 100081, china) National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China College of Applied Sciences Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100022 China School of Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China

Using a small quantity of DNA molecules and little experimental time to solve complex problems successfully is a goal of DNA computing. Some NP-hard problems have been solved by DNA computing with lower time complexity than conventional computing. However, this advantage often brings higher space complexity and needs a large number of DNA encoding molecules. One example is graph coloring problem. Current DNA algorithms need exponentially increasing DNA encoding strands with the growing of problem size. Here we propose a new DNA algorithm of graph coloring problem based on the proof of four-color theorem. This algorithm has good properties of needing a relatively small number of operations in polynomial time and needing a small number of DNA encoding molecules (we need only 6R DNA encoding molecules if the number of regions in a graph is R).

关键词： DNA computing NP-hard problem graph coloring problem.

Geochemical simulation of the formation of brine and salt minerals based on Pitzer model in Caka Salt Lake

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第8期47卷 720-726页

作者： LIU Xingqi1, CAI Keqin2.& YU Shengsong3.1. Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 2.0008,{2. 2.{2. {3. of Geosciences, beijing 100083.{2. 3. Institute of Salt Lakes, chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008,{2. 1. Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 210008 Nanjing China 2. china university of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China 3. Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences 810008 Xining China

The geochemical simulation of the formation of brine and salt minerals based on Pitzer model was made in Caka Salt Lake. The evolution of the mixed surface-water and the mineral sequences were calculated and compared with the hydrochemical compositions of the brine and the salt minerals of the deposit in Caka Salt Lake. The results show that the formation temperature of the lake is between 0°C and 5°C, which is well identical with other studies. The mixing of salt-karst water with the surface waters, neglected by the former researchers, is very important to the formation of the lake, indicating that the initial waters resulting in the formation of the lake are multi-source. It is the first time to use Pitzer model in china for making geochemical simulation of the formation and evolution of inland salt lake and satisfactory results have been achieved.

关键词： Pitzer model,Caka Salt Lake,geochemical simulation,salt-karst water.

Preparing a re-sequencing DNA library of 2.cancer candidate genes using the ligation-by-amplification protocol by two PCR reactions

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2009年第5期52卷 483-491页

作者： SU YeYang1,2.3. LIN Lin1,2.3. TIAN Geng1,2.3. CHEN Chen2.3. LIU Tao2.3. XU Xingya3. QI XinPeng1,2.3. ZHANG XiuQing2.3. YANG HuanMing2.3.1 graduate School of chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100049,{3. 2.beijing Institute of Genomics, chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10002.,{3. 3.beijing Genomics Institute, beijing 1013.0,{3. graduate School of chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China beijing Institute of Genomics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China beijing Genomics Institute Beijing 101300 China

To meet the needs of large-scale genomic/genetic studies, the next-generation massively parallelized sequencing technologies provide high throughput, low cost and low labor-intensive sequencing service, with subsequent bioinformatic software and laboratory methods developed to expand their applications in various types of research. PCR-based genomic/genetic studies, which have significant usage in association studies like cancer research, haven't benefited much from those next-generation sequencing technologies, because the shortgun re-sequencing strategy used by such sequencing machines as the Illumina/Solexa Genome Analyzer may not be applied to direct re-sequencing of short-length target regions like those in PCR-based genomic/genetic studies. Although several methods have been proposed to solve this problem, including microarray-based genomic selections and selector-based technologies, they require advanced equipment and procedures which limit their applications in many laboratories. By contrast, we overcame such potential drawbacks by utilizing a ligation by amplification (LBA) protocol, a method using a pair of Universal Adapters to randomly ligate target regions in a two-step-PCR procedure, whose Long LBA products were easily fragmented and sequenced on the next-generation sequencing machine. In this concept-proven study, we chose the consensus coding sequences of two human cancer genes: BRCA1 and BRCA2.as target regions, specifically designed LBA primer pairs to amplify and randomly ligate them. 70 target sequences were successfully amplified and ligated into Long LBA products, which were then fragmented to construct DNA libraries for sequencing on both a conventional Sanger sequencer ABI 3.3.xl DNA Analyzer and the next-generation 'synthesis by sequencing technology' Illumina/Solexa Genome Analyzer. Bioinformatic analysis demonstrated the utility and efficiency (including the coverage and depth of each target sequence and the SNPs detection effectiveness) o

关键词： health genomics the next-generation sequencing techonology sequencing technology large-scale genomics PCR

Quasi-secure quantum dialogue using single photons

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2007年第5期50卷 558-562页

作者： YANG YuGuang1,2.& WEN QiaoYan3. College of Computer Science and Technology, beijing {2. of Technology, beijing 10002.,{3. 2.State Key Laboratory of Information Security, graduate {2. of the chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100049,{3. 3.School of Science, beijing {2. of Posts and Telecommunications, beijing 100876,{3. College of Computer Science Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100022 China State Key Laboratory of Information Security Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China School of Science Beijing University of Posts Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China

A quasi-secure quantum dialogue protocol using single photons was proposed. Different from the previous entanglement-based protocols, the present protocol uses batches of single photons which run back and forth between the two parties. A round run for each photon makes the two parties each obtain a classical bit of information. So the efficiency of information transmission can be increased. The present scheme is practical and well within the present-day technology.

关键词： quantum dialogue, single photon, quantum secure direct communication

Nitrogen isotopic composition of plant-soil in the Loess Plateau and its responding to environmental change

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chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第2期54卷 272-279页

作者： LIU WeiGuo1,2.& WANG Zheng1,3.1 State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710075,{2. 2.Xi’an Jiaotong university, School of Human Settlement and Civil Engineering, Xi’an 710049,{2. 3.graduate university of chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100049,{2. chinese Acad Sci Inst Earth Environm State Key Lab Loess and Quaternary Geol Xian 710075 Peoples R China.

The nitrogen isotope of soil is of emerging significance as an indicator of climatic change and biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen in nature systems. In this paper, the nitrogen content and isotopic composition of modern ecosystems from arid and semiarid Loess Plateau in northwestern china, including plant roots and surface soil, were determined to investigate trends in δ15N variation of plant roots and soil along a precipitation and temperature gradient in northwestern china under the East Asian Monsoon climate condition. The δ15N values of surface soil from the study area vary from ?1.2. to 5.8‰, but from -5.1‰ to 1.9‰ in the plant roots. Our results indicate that (1) although the isotopic compositions of both plant roots and surface soil change with a similar trend along the climate gradient, the apparent nitrogen difference between plant roots and soil existed, with -δ15N values ranging from 0.{2. to 7.2. with average of 4.1‰; and (2. mean annual precipitation (MAP) is the dominant factor for isotopic composition of plant-soil nitrogen in the Loess Plateau, and the δ15N values are less correlated with MAT; we suggest that nitrogen isotopic composition of soil is a potential tracer for environmental changes.

关键词：氮同位素物理性质化学性质环境论

Dehydration melting of solid amphibolite at 2.0 GPa: Effects of time and temperature

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第8期48卷 1120-1133页

作者： ZHOU Wenge1, XIE Hongsen1, LIU Yonggang1, ZHENG Xiaogang1, ZHAO Zhidan2.& ZHOU Hui3.1. Laboratory of Material in the Earth’s Interior, Institute of Geochemistry, chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002.{2. 2. Department of Geology,{2. {3. of Geosciences, beijing 100083.{2. 3. Department of Geology, Peking {3., beijing 100871,{2. 1. Laboratory of Material in the Earth’s Interior Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 550002 Guiyang China 2. Department of Geology China University of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China 3. Department of Geology Peking University 100871 Beijing China

Two sets of dehydration-melting with a natural solid amphibolite, collected from North Himalayan structure zone, Tibet, have been carried out in multi-anvil apparatus at 2.0 GPa and 800―1000℃, for 12.2.0 h. One is keeping the pressure at 2.0 GPa and the annealing time of 12.h, changing the temperature (800―1000℃). The other is keeping the pressure at 2.0 GPa and temperature at 850℃, varying the annealing time (12.2.0 h). The products are inspected with microscope and electron probe. The results indicate that at 2.0 GPa, annealing time of 12.h, garnets, melts and clinopyroxenes occur in amphibolite gradually with increasing temperature and the chemical compositions of melt vary from tonalite to granodiorite, and then to tonalite. However, at 2.0 GPa and 850℃, with the annealing time increasing, the garnets, melts and cli-nopyroxenes also occur in amphibolite gradually and the chemical compositions of melt vary from tonalite to granodiorite. In both cases, melts interconnect with each other when the contents of melt are over the 5 vol.%. the viscosities of the melt produced in amphibolite at temperature higher than 850℃ are on a level with 104 Pa·s. The interconnected melt with such a viscosity may segregate from the source rock and form the magma over reasonable geological time. Therefore, it is believed that at the lower part of the overthickened crust, the tonlitic and grano-dioritic magma may be generated through the dehydration melting of amphibolite.

关键词： solid amphibolite, high pressure, high temperature, time, partial melting.

The role of aerial algae in the formation of the landscape of the Yunnan Stone Forest,Yunnan Province, china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第9期47卷 846-864页

作者： TIAN Youping1,3. ZHANG Jie2. SONG Linhua1 & BAO Haosheng2.1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, chinese Academy of Sciences, {2. 100101, china 2. Department of Geography, Nanjing {3., Nanjing 2.0093. china 3. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, china {3. of Geosciences, {2. 100083. china Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Department of Geography Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

Aerial algae on the surface of carbonate rocks at the Stone Forest, Shilin County, Yunnan Province, china, and their bioerosion were investigated in the field and studied in the laboratory in detail. Through the observation, identification and statistics of more than one hun- dred algal samples and rock samples with the optical microscopes (stereomicroscope, biological microscope) and the scanning electronic microscope (SEM), the relationships between erosional forms on the surface of the Stone Forest and algae and/or algal communities and the genetic mechanism for the formation of erosional forms were analyzed. It is suggested that aerial algae play an active role in bioerosive processes that may affect the formation of karst erosional forms. These effects include both direct and indirect ones. The direct effect is the initiative control (algal shape-controlling role) of algae on the formation of karst forms of various scales, mostly mi- cro-scale (3.) and minor-scale (10-3.10-1m) erosional forms. The algal shape-controlling roles can be divided into the algal individual shape-controlling role and the algal community shape-controlling role. The former mostly controls the formation of micro-scale erosional forms, while the latter mostly controls the formation of micro-scale and smaller minor-scale erosional forms. The indirect effect refers to the promoting role of algae in the formation of karst forms, which may affect the formation of karst forms of all types and scales. The bioerosion of algae accelerates the weathering process of the whole Stone Forest karst landforms.

关键词： aerial algae, bioerosion, the Stone Forest, Yunnan Province, china.

Periodicity of Retzius lines in fossil Pongo from South china

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chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第7期57卷 790-794页

作者： HU Rong1,2.3. ZHAO LingXia1,2.& WU XinZhi2.1 Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Systematics of Vertebrates, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, chinese Academy of Sciences, {2. 100044, china 2.Laboratory of Human Evolution, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, chinese Academy of Sciences, {2. 100044, china 3.graduate university of chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100049, china Laboratory of Human Evolution Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China

Periodicity of Retzius lines is a key factor in dental development. In this study, we examined the periodicity of Retzius lines in fossil Pongo from South china using polarized light microscope observation of dental ground sections. The periodicities all of the 15 teeth were 9 d. Comparisons of periodicity were made with extant primates, fossil apes and hominins. Periodicity of fossil Pongo from South china was relatively long but fell within the variation of extant Pongo, Gorilla and modern human, and longer than periodicity of Pan and other extant primates. Fossil Pongo from South china was similar to Lufengpithecus and Sivapithecus, shorter than Gigantopithecus and longer than European and African fossil apes and most early hominins in periodicity. Generally, the periodicities of Asian large-body fossil apes were longer than the periodicities of European and African large-body fossil apes in Miocene. Difference among species and trend of evolution in periodicity were analyzed and discussed. We found that periodicity might gradually increase from Proconsul in early Miocene to several fossil apes in Miocene and then Gigantopithecus in Pleistocene. In addition, this study made correlate analysis between periodicity and body mass respectively in males and females of six extant apes and five fossil apes, and found that periodicity positively correlated with body mass.

关键词：周期性变化中国南方大猩猩化石灵长类动物早中新世类人猿显微镜观察