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Some basic concepts and problems on the petrogenesis of intra-plate ocean island basalts

Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第22期54卷 4148-4160页

作者： NIU Yaoling1,2.3 1 Department of Earth Sciences, Durham university, Durham DH1 3LE, UK 2.School of Earth Sciences and Resources, china university of geosciences, Beijing{2. 3 School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking university, Beijing 100871, china Department of Earth Sciences Durham University Durham DH1 3LE UK School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Basaltic magmatism that builds intra-plate ocean islands is often considered to be genetically associated with "hotspots" or "mantle plumes". While there have been many discussions on why ocean island basalts (OIB) are geochemically highly enriched as an integral part of the mantle plume hypothesis, our current understanding on the origin of OIB source material remains unsatisfactory, and some prevailing ideas need revision. One of the most popular views states that OIB source material is recycled oceanic crust (ROC). Among many problems with the ROC model, the ocean crust is simply too depleted (e.g., [La/Sm]PM > 1) OIB. Another popular view states that the enriched component of OIB comes from recycled continental crust (RCC, i.e.; terrigenous sediments). While both CC and OIB are enriched in many incompatible elements (e.g., both have [La/Sm]PM >>1), the CC has characteristic enrichment in Pb and deletion in Nb, Ta, P and Ti. Such signature is too strong to be eliminated such that CC is unsuitable as source material for OIB. Plate tectonics and mantle circulation permit the presence of ROC and RCC materials in mantle source regions of basalts, but they must be volumetrically insignificant in contributing to basalt magmatism. The observation that OIB are not only enriched in incompatible elements, but also enriched in the progressively more incompatible elements indicates that the enriched component of OIB is of magmatic origin and most likely associated with low-degree melt metasomatism. H2. and CO2.rich incipient melt may form in the seismic low velocity zone (LVZ). This melt will rise because of buoyancy and concentrate into a melt rich layer atop the LVZ to metasomatize the growing lithosphere, forming the metasomatic vein lithologies. Erupted OIB melts may have three components: (1) fertile OIB source material from depth that is dominant, (2. the melt layer, and (3) assimilation of the metasomatic

关键词：岩石成因论海洋 OIB 矿物学

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Calculation of maximum ground movement and deformation caused by mining

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2011年第S3期21卷 562-569页

作者： LI Pei-xian1, 2. TAN Zhi-xiang1, 2. DENG Ka-zhong1, 2.1. Key laboratory for Land Environment and Disaster Monitoring of State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping, china{2. of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 2.1116, china 2. Jiangsu Key laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information Engineering, china{2. of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 2.1116, china [a] Key laboratory for Land Environment and Disaster Monitoring of State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou 221116 China [b] Jiangsu Key laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information Engineering China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou 221116 China

In order to know the maximum mining ground deformation of arbitrary surface point, directions of the maximum surface tilt, curvature,horizontal displacement and horizontal deformation caused by multi-working faces were deduced based on probability integral method. The distribution forms of surface deformations in all direction φ∈[0, 2.] were obtained and also equations of maximum deformations were given based on calculation of mining ground deformation in direction φ. A mining subsidence analysis system was developed with VB6.0. The system implements the probability integral mining subsidence prediction with direct integration method, and it can avoid errors of arbitrary shaped working face subdivision of traditional method, and accuracy of mining subsidence prediction can be improved with the direct integral method. The system implements the contour chart and profile chart and also data analysis automation by manipulation of the SURFER kernel function and it complements the defect of existing subsidence prediction software. Calculation of maximum deformations caused by multi-working faces mining in a coal mine of Xuzhou, china was shown as application example. Engineering application indicates that maximum deformation of mining ground surface can be calculated and analyzed by the system. The research provides a theoretical basis and calculation tool for mining subsidence prediction and analysis.

关键词： mining subsidence probability integral method movement and deformation system development

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Incised valley filling deposits:an important pathway system for long-distance hydrocarbon migration—a case study of the Fulaerji Oilfield in the Songliao Basin

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Petroleum Science 2009年第3期6卷 230-238页

作者： Xin Renchen Liu Hao Li Guifan School of Ocean Sciences China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China School of the Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

In this paper, incised valley filling deposits, which formed an important pathway system for long-distance hydrocarbon migration, are discussed in detail based on core and logging data. The sequence SQy2. of the Cretaceous Yaojia Formation is the main hydrocarbon-bearing layer in the Fulaerji Oilfield. The hydrocarbon source of the oilfield is the Qijia-Gulong Sag which is about 80 km away from the Fulaerji Oilfield. The transport layer of long-distance hydrocarbon migration is the overlapped sandstone complex which fills the incised valley. The incised valley developed during the depositional period from the late Qingshankou Formation to the early Yaojia Formation of Cretaceous （SQqna-SQy0 was about 70 km long and 2. km wide, and extended in the NW-SE direction. The overlapped filling of the incised valley mainly occurred in the expanding system tract of the third-order sequence SQy2. （ESTy2.）. Towards the basin, incised valley filling deposits overlapped on the delta developed in the early period, and towards the basin margin, incised valley filling deposits were covered by the shore-shallow lacustrine sandy beach bar developed in the maximum flooding period. All of the delta, the incised valley filling and the shore-shallow sandy beach bar are sandstone-rich, and have high porosity and permeability, and can form an effective hydrocarbon migration and accumulation system. Deltaic sand bodies collected and pumped hydrocarbon from the active source, incised valley filling depositional system completed the long-distance hydrocarbon migration, and lithological traps of shore-shallow lacustrine sandy beach bar accumulated hydrocarbon. The incised valley filling sequences are multi-cycle： an integrated shortterm filling cycle was developed on the erosion surface, and the sequences upward were mud-gravel stone, medium-fine sandstone containing terrigenous gravels and muddy pebbles with cross bedding, silty mudstone with ripple bedding, and mudstone. The incised valley fi

关键词： Songliao Basin Fulaerji Oilfield Yaojia Formation incised valley filling migration pathway system

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Composition of sandstone and heavy minerals implies the provenance of Kuqa Depression in Jurassic, Tarim basin, china

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第7期15卷 633-640页

作者： WU Chaodong, LIN Changsong, SHEN Yanping and FENG Xue ( Key laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution, Ministry of Education, Peking university, Beijing 100871,{2. Department of Resources, china university of geosciences, Beijing 100083. china) Key laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution Ministry of Education Peking University Beijing 100871 China. Department of Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

The petrological characteristics and heavy mineral assembly of the Jurassic System in Kuqa Basin are consistent with the tectonic evolution, which is the major factor controlling the filling process of Kuqa Basin. Controlled by the source areas at the both sides of the Basin, the matrixes are dominated by sedimentary rock, high-grade metamorphic rock, acid magmatic rock, and the highest heavy mineral assemblage of zircon-garnet-magnetite in the content. According to heavy mineral indexes, the Jurassic strata can be classified into three rhythmic units of heavy mineral. The lower sequence contains abundant heavy minerals and relatively high content of detritus and its matrixes primarily came form the recycling orogen. The assemblage of "zircon-garnet-magnetite" indicates that the sedimentary area in the early evolution period of the basin is relatively near the provenance. The middle sequence is different from the lower sequence in the heavy mineral assemblage and has the different characteristics from that of source rock. The heavy mineral assemblage is "garnet-zircon" with the highest content of garnet and its main matrices are the high-grade metamorphic rock, acid magmatic rock and hydrothermal vein at the northeastern edge of the basin. The middle and upper sequences are characterized by the clast provenance, which is primarily from the recycling orogen at the northern edge of the basin and secondarily from the southern uplift. As a result of the two provenances, the strata with apparent changes of heavy mineral assemblage and index better coincides with the interfaces of the secondary strata sequences, which reflects the denudation history and the filling process of the orogen at the northern edge of the basin.

关键词： sandstone components provenance analysis filling sequence tectonic evolution.

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Microfossils, carbonate lysocline and compensation depth in surface sediments of the northeastern South china Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2003年第4期22卷 597-606页

作者： Chen Ronghua1, Xu Jian2. Meng Yi3, Wang Dongjun1 Liu Chuanlian2. Huang Baoqi2. Zhang Fuyuan1 1. Key laboratory of Submarine geosciences of State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012.{2. 2. laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji university, Shanghai 2.0092.{2. 3. Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East{2. Normal university, Shanghai 2.0062.{2. Key Lab Submarine Geosci State Ocean Adm Hangzhou 310012 Peoples R China Tongji Univ Lab Marine Geol Shanghai 200092 Peoples R China E china Normal Univ Inst Estuarine & Coastal Res Shanghai 200062 Peoples R China

Based on the quantitative analyses of abundance of planktonic foraminifera, benthic foraminifera, calcareous nannofossils, the ratios of calcareous to siliceous microfossils, and the determination of carbonate contents in the surface sediments of the northeastern South china Sea, it has been found that the carbonate contents, the abundance of planktonic foraminifera and calcareous nannoplankton, and the ratio of calcareous microfossils decrease rapidly while the ratio of the benthic foraminifera to the total foraminiferal fauna, specific value of siliceous microfossils, and the percentage of the agglutinated tests in the benthic foraminiferal fauna increase with the water depth. The results indicate that the microfossils abundance and ratio, and the carbonate content are closely related to the carbonate lysocline and carbonate compensation depth (CCD) in the study area. In addition, the carbonate lysocline and the CCD are different between the southern and northern parts of the South china Sea. Both the lysocline and the CCD are deeper in the south with 2.600 and 3 600 m than in the north with 2.2.0 and 3 400 m, respectively.

关键词： microfossils carbonate lysocline depth carbonate compensation depth (CCD) surface sediments South china Sea (SCS)

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Study on the two and three-parameter working stability regions of 3Y-TZP suspension

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2006年第5期49卷 547-568页

作者： CHEN Youqiang1, 2. ZHANG Xinni3, CHEN Sha’ou3 & QI Ping3 1. Department of Chemistry, Qingdao university, Qingdao 2.6071, china 2. Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua university, Beijing 100084, china 3. Department of Physics, Qingdao university, Qingdao 2.6071, china 1. Department of Chemistry Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China 2. Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China 3. Department of Physics Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China

We determined the variation tendency of viscosity (η) at various solids load- ing (α) for 3Y-TZP suspension as a function of dispersant concentration (Cw) using vis- cosity measurement, measured the diameter of particles as a function of Cw in very dilute suspension using light scattering method, and obtained the surface features of the sedi- ment of suspension with different Cw using SEM. We also discussed the influence of the microstructure of adsorbed polymer layers on particles and their interactions in the dis- persing medium on the stability of suspension. Then two different stable states and two different unstable states for 3Y-TZP suspension were given. Accordingly, the (Cw, η), (Cw, α), and (α, η) two-parameter, and (Cw, α, η) three-parameter stability maps were con- structed. Based on the DLVO theory calculations, the dispersant concentration, particle distance (r), and interparticle potential energy (VT) maps with various solids loading for 3Y-TZP aqueous suspension were also constructed. In (Cw, r) two-parameter coordinate system, the stable motion region map for particles was established. The Cw, α, and VT,max (the highest potential energy) surface of the potential barrier map was obtained through calculation and simulation on the basis of the surfaces of Cw, r, VT maps introduced above. The (Cw, α) two-parameter stability map was then obtained from the Cw, α, VT,max map. The results showed that this theoretical map can qualitatively prove the experimentally obtained results—the existence of different dispersed states of particles in suspension system and the variation tendency of suspension stability with changing each parame- ter—were reasonable.

关键词： 3Y-TZP, suspension, stability, DLVO theory, interparticle potential energy.

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Alkaline diagenesis and its genetic mechanism in the Triassic coal measure strata in the Western Sichuan Foreland Basin,china

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Petroleum Science 2009年第4期6卷 354-365页

作者： Jiang Zaixing Qiu Longwei Chen Guiju College of Energy China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China College of Earth Resources and Information China University of PetroleumShandong 257062China Sinopec Exploration and Production Research Institute Beijing 100083China

The reservoir of the upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation (T3x) in the Western Sichuan Foreland Basin is a set of terrigenous clastic rocks in an environment of coal measure sediments. Diagenesis greatly controls the physical properties of the reservoir through different responses of minerals to acidic and alkaline diagenetic environment. The dissolution of unstable components such as feldspar, rock fragments, carbonate cement, and clay minerals is the major source of secondary pores under acidic diagenesis, while the dissolution of quartz increases the reservoir space in the fault-fold zone of Longmen Mountain and Leikoupo paleo-hills. The dissolution of quartz is a result of cross-formation flow of fluid in the Himalaya epoch and the invasion of alkaline formation water from the Triassic Leikoupo and Jialingjiang formations through fault and fracture systems. In the vertical succession, acidic dissolution occurs at a shallow depth of less than 2.180 m, and alkaline dissolution occurs at a greater depth of more than 2.2.0 m. The reservoir space is formed by the influence of both acidic and alkaline dissolution in the depth interval of 2.180–2.2.0 m.

关键词： Sichuan Basin upper Triassic alkaline diagenesis porosity genetic mechanism

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Formation mechanism of carbonate cemented zones adjacent to the top overpressured surface in the central Junggar Basin,NW china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第4期53卷 529-540页

作者： YANG Zhi1,2.ZOU CaiNeng1,3,HE Sheng2.LI QiYan1,HE ZhiLiang3,WU HengZhi5,CAO Feng1,MENG XianLong4,WANG FuRong2.& XIAO Qilin2. State Key laboratory of EOR,Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development,Petrochina,Beijing{2.china 2.Key laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education,china university of geosciences,Wuhan 430074,china 3 State Key laboratory of EOR,Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development,Petrochina,Beijing{2.china 4 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production,SINOPEC,Beijing{2.china 5 Southwest Branch Company,SINOPEC,Chengdu 610051,china 1. State Key laboratory of EOR Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China2. Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China3. State Key Laboratory of EOR Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development Petrochina Beijing 100083 China5. Southwest Branch Company SINOPEC Chengdu 610051 China4. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production SINOPEC Beijing 100083 China

Carbonate cemented zones are normally adjacent to the top overpressured surface in the central Junggar Basin,NW *** carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions and petrological investigations of carbonate cements in the carbonate cemented zones indicate that:(1) carbonate cements are composed dominantly of ferrocalcite,ferroan dolomite,and ankerite;(2. carbonate cements are formed under a high temperature circumstance in the subsurface,and organic fluid migration has an important effect on the formation of them;and(3) carbon and oxygen ions in the carbonate cements migrate from the underlying overpressured *** suggests that the occurrence of carbonate cemented zones in this region results from multiple phases of organic fluid expulsion out of the overpressure compartment through geological *** study provides a plausible mechanism of the formation of carbonate cemented zones adjacent to the top overpressured surface in the clastic sedimentary basins,and has an important implication for understanding the internal correlation between the formation of carbonate cemented zones adjacent to top overpressured surface and geofluids expulsion out of overpressured system.

关键词： carbonate cemented zones formation mechanism stable carbon and oxygen isotopic top overpressured surface central Junggar Basin coal-bearing strata

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One-step disposal of Cr (Ⅵ)-bearing wastewater by natural pyrrhotite

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第17期45卷 1614-1616页

作者： LU Anhuai, CHEN Jie, SHI Junxian, LU Xiaoying, TANG Junli & GUO Min1. Departmenl of Geology, Peking university, Beijing 100871, china 2. National{2. of Mineral and Rock Materials, china university of geosciences, Beijing 100083. china (e-mail: luanhuai Department of Geology Peking University Beijing China National laboratory of Mineral and Rock Materials China University of Geosciences Beijing China

Cr(Ⅵ)-bearing wastewater can be treated by natural pyrrhotite which is used for reductant to reduce Cr(Ⅵ) and precipitant to precipitate Cr(Ⅲ) simultaneously. The disposal products can be divided into three parts in the beakers, namely supernatant in the upper part, the yellowish colloidal precipitates in the middle part and the pyrrhotite in the lower part. The content of total Cr=Cr(Ⅵ)+Cr(Ⅲ) in the supernatant liquid is 0.06 mg/L, which is lower than 1.5 mg/L of the discharge standard of china and near to 0.05 mg/L of the standard of potable water. This one-step disposal composing of both reduction and precipitation which is traditionally divided into two independent steps called reducing technology and precipitating technology respectively. The new method is of obvious economic advantage and favourable to decreasing surplus mud derived from adding Ca(OH)2.to precipitate Cr(Ⅲ) traditionally so as to avoid recontamination. In fact, sodium sulfite (Na2.O3) used in disposal of Cr(Ⅵ) was

关键词： natural pyrrhotite Cr(Ⅵ)-bearing wastewater reduction Cr(Ⅵ) precipitation Cr(Ⅲ) one-step disposal rational use of mineral resources.

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Mixed boundary conditions for piezoelectric plates

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2009年第5期52卷 755-761页

作者： GAO Yang 1 ,XU SiPeng 2.&ZHAO BaoSheng 3 1College of Science,china Agricultural university,Beijing{2.china 2.ollege of Engineering,Ocean university of china,Qingdao 2.6071,china 3 School of Mechanical Engineering,university of Science and Technology of Liaoning,Anshan 114044,china College of Science China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China College of Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao 266071 China School of Mechanical Engineering University of Science and Technology of Liaoning Anshan 114044 China

For plate bending and stretching problems in piezoelectric materials,the reciprocal theorem and the general solution of piezoelasticity are applied in a novel way to obtain the appropriate mixed boundary conditions accurate to all order.A decay analysis technique is used to establish necessary conditions that the prescribed data on the edge of the plate must satisfy in order that it should generate a decaying state within the *** the case of axisymmetric bending and stretching of a circular plate,these decaying state conditions are obtained explicitly for the first time when the mixed conditions are imposed on the plate *** are then used for the correct formulation of boundary conditions for the interior solution.

关键词： boundary conditions piezoelectric plates mixed data bending problems stretching problems

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