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Carbon and hydrogen isotopic characteristics of natural gases from the Luliang and Baoshan basins in Yunnan Province, China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2006年第9期49卷 938-946页

作者： XU Yongchang1, LIU Wenhui2. SHEN Ping1, WANG Wanchun1, WANG Xiaofeng1, Tenger1, YAN Yaomin3 & LIU Ruobin3 1. Lanzhou Center of Oil & Gas Resources, institute of Geology and Geophsics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China 2. research institute of Petroleum exploration and production, sinopec, beijing 100083. China 3. South Branch of Petroleum exploration and production Company, sinopec, Kuming 650000, China 1. Lanzhou Center of Oil & Gas Resources Institute of Geology and Geophsics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China 2. research institute of Petroleum {2. and production SINOPEC Beijing 100083 China 3. South Branch of Petroleum exploration and production Company SINOPEC Kuming 650000 China

The Luliang and Baoshan basins of Yunnan Province are two small-sizedcontinental oil/gas-bearing sedimentary basins, which were developed at the bases of theCarboniferous and Devonian systems during the Late Tertiary, covering an area of 32. km^2.and 2.4km^2. respectively. Since the 1990s, there have been discovered small-sized natural gas pools inthese two basins. The natural gases are composed mainly of hydrocarbon gases, with nonhydrocarbonsaccounting for less than 2.. Of the hydrocarbon gases, methane accounts for more than 99%, and thecomponents above C_2.account for less than 0.2.. On the basis of previous studies of geologicalbackground, the composition of natural gases and their carbon isotopic composition, it has beendefined that these two gas pools are of bacterial origin. In this work we have comprehensivelymeasured the carbon and hydrogen isotopic composition of natural gases from these two basins andhave gone into the details of the mechanism of gas generation. The δ^(13)C_1 values of naturalgases from the Luliang Basin are within the range of -72.1 per thousand - -73.3 per thousand, andthe δD_(CH_4) values, -2.2.per thousand - -2.4 per thousand, indicating that the bacterial gasgeneration is dominated by the way of CO_2.reduction. It has been evidenced that undercontinental-facies fresh water conditions there did occur the CO_2.reduction as a process ofbacterial gas generation. The δ^(13)C_1 values of natural gases from the Baoshan Basin are withinthe range of - 62.5 per thousand - -63.5 per thousand, and the δD_(CH_4) values, -2.2.per thousand- -2.0 per thousand. These isotopic characteristics are fallen into transitional phase of acetatefermentation and CO_2.reduction as defined by Whiticar et al. (1986). An important discovery in theLuliang Basin is the carbon isotopic composition of ethane of purely biogenetic origin, i.e., itsδ^(13)C_2.values are within the range of - 61.2.per thousand - - 66.0 per thousand. These carbonisotopic values have been r

关键词： bacterial gas, carbon and hydrogen isotope, CO2 reduction, acetate fermentation.

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Natural gas geochemistry and its origins in Kuqa depression

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 174-182页

作者： LIU QuanYou 1 ,QIN ShengFei 1 ,LI Jian 2.,LIU WenHui 3 ,ZHANG DianWei 3 ,ZHOU QingHua 1 &HU AnPing 1 1 research institute of Petroleum {2. and Development,PetroChina,beijing 100083.China 2.Langfang Branch of research institute of Petroleum {2. and Development,PetroChina,Langfang 065007,China 3.exploration and production research institute,sinopec,beijing 100083.China PetroChina Res Inst Petr Explorat & Dev Beijing 100083 Peoples R China PetroChina Langfang Branch Res Inst Petr Explorat & Dev Langfang 065007 Peoples R China sinopec Explorat & Prod Res Inst Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

According to gas compositional and carbon isotopic measurement of 114 gas samples from the Kuqa depression,accumulation of the natural gases in the depression is dominated by hydrocarbon gases, with high gas dryness(C1/C1-4)at the middle and northern parts of the depression and low one towards east and west sides and southern *** carbon isotopes of methane and its homologues are relatively enriched in 13 C,and the distributive range ofδ13C 1 ,δ13C 2.andδ13C 3 is-32.―-36‰,-2.‰―-2.‰and-2.‰―-2.‰,*** general,the carbon isotopes of gaseous alkanes become less negative with the increase of carbon ***δ13C CO2.value is less than-10‰in the Kuqa depression,indicating its organogenic *** distributive range of 3 He/ 4 He ratio is within n×10-8 and a decrease in 3 He/ 4 He ratio from north to south in the depression is *** on the geochemical parameters of natural gas above,natural gas in the Kuqa depression is of characteristics of coal-type gas *** possible reasons for the partial reversal of stable carbon isotopes of gaseous alkanes involve the mixing of gases from one common source rock with different thermal maturity or from two separated source rock intervals of similar kerogen type,multistages accumulation of natural gas under high-temperature and over-pressure conditions,and sufficiency and diffusion of natural gas.

关键词： Kuqa depression natural gas stable carbon isotope gas origin

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Propagation characteristics of converted refracted wave and its application in static correction of converted wave

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 226-232页

作者： LIU Yang1,2.& WEI XiuCheng3 1 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum,beijing 102.49,China 2.CNPC Geophysical exploration Key Laboratory,China University of Petroleum,beijing 102.49,China 3.exploration and production research institute,sinopec,beijing 100083.China China Univ Petr State Key Lab Petr Resource & Prospecting Beijing 102249 Peoples R China China Univ Petr CNPC Geophys Explorat Key Lab Beijing 102249 Peoples R China sinopec Explorat & Prod Res Inst Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

Three-component seismic exploration through P-wave source and three-component geophone is an effective technique used in complicated reservoir exploration. In three-component seismic exploration data processing,one of the difficulties is static correction of converted wave. This paper analyzes propagation characteristics of non-converted and converted refracted waves,and discovers a favor-able condition for the formation of converted refracted wave,i.e. the velocity of overlaying medium S wave is much lower than that of underlying medium S wave. In addition,the paper proposes the static correction method of converted wave based on PPS converted refracted wave,and processes the real three-component seismic data with better results of static correction of converted wave.

关键词： PPS converted refracted wave converted wave static correction

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Formation mechanism of carbonate cemented zones adjacent to the top overpressured surface in the central Junggar Basin,NW China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第4期53卷 529-540页

作者： YANG Zhi1,2.ZOU CaiNeng1,3,HE Sheng2.LI QiYan1,HE ZhiLiang3,WU HengZhi5,CAO Feng1,MENG XianLong4,WANG FuRong2.& XIAO Qilin2. State Key Laboratory of EOR,research institute of Petroleum {2. & Development,PetroChina,beijing 100083.China 2.Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China 3 State Key Laboratory of EOR,research institute of Petroleum {2. & Development,Petrochina,beijing 100083.China 4 research institute of Petroleum {2. and production,sinopec,beijing 100083.China 5 Southwest Branch Company,sinopec,Chengdu 610051,China 1. State Key Laboratory of EOR Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China2. Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources of Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China3. State Key Laboratory of EOR Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development Petrochina Beijing 100083 China5. Southwest Branch Company SINOPEC Chengdu 610051 China4. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Production SINOPEC Beijing 100083 China

Carbonate cemented zones are normally adjacent to the top overpressured surface in the central Junggar Basin,NW *** carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions and petrological investigations of carbonate cements in the carbonate cemented zones indicate that:(1) carbonate cements are composed dominantly of ferrocalcite,ferroan dolomite,and ankerite;(2. carbonate cements are formed under a high temperature circumstance in the subsurface,and organic fluid migration has an important effect on the formation of them;and(3) carbon and oxygen ions in the carbonate cements migrate from the underlying overpressured *** suggests that the occurrence of carbonate cemented zones in this region results from multiple phases of organic fluid expulsion out of the overpressure compartment through geological *** study provides a plausible mechanism of the formation of carbonate cemented zones adjacent to the top overpressured surface in the clastic sedimentary basins,and has an important implication for understanding the internal correlation between the formation of carbonate cemented zones adjacent to top overpressured surface and geofluids expulsion out of overpressured system.

关键词： carbonate cemented zones formation mechanism stable carbon and oxygen isotopic top overpressured surface central Junggar Basin coal-bearing strata

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Mechanism of production increasing of coalbed gas for the pinnate horizontal well and sensitivity effect of parameters on gas production

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第S1期50卷 163-170页

作者： ZHANG Dongli & WANG Xinhai sinopec exploration & {2. research institute, beijing 100083. China College of Geoscience of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 43402., China 1. sinopec exploration & {2. research institute 100083 Beijing China 2. College of Geoscience of Yangtze University 434023 Jingzhou China

The mechanism of production increasing for the pinnate horizontal well is analyzed with the simulation technique. It is pointed out that the whole horizontal well-bore spreading widely and evenly in coal layers makes the stratum pressure drop evenly and fast, which increases the chance of desorption and diffusion and area controlled. This is the basic reason that the pinnate horizontal well can increase production. How such stratum parameters as permeability, Langmuir constants and adsorption time constant affect the gas production for the pinnate horizontal well is also studied with numerical simulations. Either for the vertical well or the pinnate horizontal well, bigger stratum permeability, steeper relative permeability curve, smaller residual gas saturation, higher gas content and stratum pressure are more favorable for gas production increasing. Langmuir constants decide the change of desorption quantity and influence the gas production through changing the extent of steep of isothermal adsorption curves in the pressure dropping area. The adsorption time constant only influences the time that gas production arrives at the maximum value for the vertical well, but it almost has no influence on the gas production for the pinnate horizontal well because the equivalent adsorption time constant is reduced.

关键词： coalbed gas pinnate horizontal well mechanism numerical simulation sensitivity effect.

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Progress and review of the studies on the end-Triassic mass extinction event

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第12期48卷 2049-2060页

作者： DENG Shenghui1,2. LU Yuanzheng1,2.3 & XU Daoyi4 1. research institute of Petroleum {2. and Development, beijing 100083. China 2. Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir of PetroChina, beijing 100083. China 3. China University of Geosciences, beijing 100083. China 4. institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, beijing 10002., China 1. research institute of Petroleum {2. and Development 100083 Beijing China 2. Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir of PetroChina 100083 Beijing China 3. China University of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China 4. institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration 100029 Beijing China

The mass extinction at the end-Triassic is one of the five biggest in the Phanerozoic. However,it is the least well understood among these five events, and only till last decade it became a great academic interesting subject to geologists. The evidences for this event come obviously from bivalves, brachiopods, ammonites, corals, radiolaria, ostracods and foraminifera of marine habitats, and plants and tetrapods of terrestrial realm. By contrast, for some of other groups, such as marine gastropods and marine vertebrates, no mass extinction has been recog-nized yet. The extinction event is strongly marked at specific level but shown a complicated situa-tion at generic and family levels. Dramatic changing of the environment, such as the temperature raise due to the greenhouse effect, the marine anoxic habitats caused by a sudden transgression after the regression at the end of Triassic, has been claimed to be the main cause of the extinction. Many hypotheses have been suggested to demonstrate the mechanisms of the environment changing, among which two popular ones are the bolide impact and volcanic eruption. The Triassic-Jurassic (Tr-J) boundary mass extinction event is still poorly understood because no enough data have been obtained from the Tr-J boundary successional sections of both marine and terrestrial sediments, and most of these studies were regionally restricted. The basic aspects of the event and its associated environmental conditions remain poorly characterized and the causal mechanism or mechanisms are equivocal. Some authors even doubt its occurrence. China has many successionally developed terrestrial and marine Tr-J sections. Detailed studies of these sections may be important and significant for well understanding of the event.

关键词： progress, review, end-Triassic, mass extinction, mechanism, Tr-J boundary.

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AN APPROACH TO CUTTINGS FLUOROLOGGING USING HEXANE AS A SUBSTITUTE

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石油勘探与开发 1997年第4期24卷 92-96页

作者： Zhao Juying(research institute of Petroleum {2. and Devempment, CNPC, beijing, 100083.

It is discovered that carbon tetrachloride is a fluorescence quencher in crude oil detedion with cottings fluorologging. Hexane, which has many advantages as a substitute for carbon tetrachloride, is proposed. In this paper, four typical comparison results of fluorescence spectra of crude oil samples and some of field cores and cuttings are *** sensitivity of fluorescence analysis is increased by 10 to 35 times when we substitute hexane for carbon tetrachloride as the solvent of crude oil. We also find that the lighter the crude oil,the more Obvious the increase in analysis sensitivity. lt challenges the old concopt that coal-derived oil, condensate and some light oils do not emit fluorescence. The merit of hexane system in eliminating or reducing the fluorescent interference of modified asphalts in drilling fluids for cuttings fluorologging has also been discussed.

关键词： Cuttings logging Fluorescence analysis Hexane Carbon tetrachloride Crude oil (Fluorescence quench)

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Timing and history of marine hydrocarbon accumulation in Tarim craton

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第S1期47卷 120-127页

作者： ZHAO Jingzhou~(1,2. & LI Qiming~3 1. Department of Petroleum Geology, Xi’an Petroleum institute, Xi’an 710065, China 2. research institute of Petroleum exploration and Development, PetroChina, beijing 100083. China 3. Tarim Oilfield Company, Kuerle, Xinjiang 841000, China Xian Petr Inst Dept Petr Geol Xian 710065 Peoples R China PetroChina Res Inst Petr Explorat & Dev Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Tarim Oilfield Co Xinjiang 841000 Peoples R China

Based on the analyses of hydrocarbon inclu-sions, K-Ar dating of authigenic illites and oil/gas-watercontact retrospection as well as other methods, the marineprimary reservoirs in the cratonic region of the Tarim Basinare found to have been formed in the late Caledonian toearly Hercynian, late Hercynian, and Himalayan, and oil andgas adjusted and redistributed in the Yanshanian (Jurassic toCretaceous) and Himalayan (Tertiary). The analyses alsoshow that the remaining primary oil accumulations aremostly formed in the late Hercynian, and the secondary oilreservoirs resulted from the adjustment and redistribution ofthe earlier accumulations during the Yanshanian and Hima-layan (especially late Himalayan), of which the Himalayan isalso the major stage of gas accumulation. The primary oilreservoirs formed in the late Hercynian mostly occur withinthe Paleozoic formation, whereas the secondary reservoirsformed in the Himalayan in the Mesozoic. The late adjust-ment and redistribution of reservoirs in the craton region ofthe Tarim Basin is ubiquitous because of the intensified tec-tonic movements since the Mesozoic, especially Cenozoic andintrusion of the high- to over-mature gas. Furthermore, thelower amplitude of reservoirs in the craton region also makesthem easier to be adjusted and redistributed. Therefore, theremaining paleo-uplift and palaeo-slope developed in rela-tively stable tectonic regions are the main potential areas forthe middle-large marine reservoirs in the Tarim Basin.

关键词： Tarim Basin craton geochronology of hydrocarbon accumulation history of hydrocarbon accumulation marine reservoir primary reservoir secondary reservoir.

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塔河油田似层状储集体的发现及勘探方向

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石油学报 2003年第5期24卷 4-9页

作者：张抗中国石化石油勘探开发研究院北京100083

自 2.0 0 1年以来 ,塔河油田南部下奥陶统一间房组的油气突破证实了对存在似层状储集体的推测。加里东期表生岩溶和深溶作用的发育及其在成藏中的作用 ,启发人们应以网络状和似层状储集体并重的思路 ,以“大岩溶”(成藏过程中多期表生... 详细信息

自 2.0 0 1年以来 ,塔河油田南部下奥陶统一间房组的油气突破证实了对存在似层状储集体的推测。加里东期表生岩溶和深溶作用的发育及其在成藏中的作用 ,启发人们应以网络状和似层状储集体并重的思路 ,以“大岩溶”(成藏过程中多期表生和深溶岩溶 )和“大隆起”(与最大侵蚀期侵蚀基准面以上的整个古隆起及其演化过程 )

关键词：塔里木盆地塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶油气勘探方向

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Alkaline diagenesis and its genetic mechanism in the Triassic coal measure strata in the Western Sichuan Foreland Basin,China

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Petroleum Science 2009年第4期6卷 354-365页

作者： Jiang Zaixing Qiu Longwei Chen Guiju College of Energy China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China College of Earth Resources and Information China University of PetroleumShandong 257062China sinopec exploration and {2. research institute Beijing 100083China

The reservoir of the upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation (T3x) in the Western Sichuan Foreland Basin is a set of terrigenous clastic rocks in an environment of coal measure sediments. Diagenesis greatly controls the physical properties of the reservoir through different responses of minerals to acidic and alkaline diagenetic environment. The dissolution of unstable components such as feldspar, rock fragments, carbonate cement, and clay minerals is the major source of secondary pores under acidic diagenesis, while the dissolution of quartz increases the reservoir space in the fault-fold zone of Longmen Mountain and Leikoupo paleo-hills. The dissolution of quartz is a result of cross-formation flow of fluid in the Himalaya epoch and the invasion of alkaline formation water from the Triassic Leikoupo and Jialingjiang formations through fault and fracture systems. In the vertical succession, acidic dissolution occurs at a shallow depth of less than 2.180 m, and alkaline dissolution occurs at a greater depth of more than 2.2.0 m. The reservoir space is formed by the influence of both acidic and alkaline dissolution in the depth interval of 2.180–2.2.0 m.

关键词： Sichuan Basin upper Triassic alkaline diagenesis porosity genetic mechanism

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