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地学前缘 2000年第S1期7卷 249-250页

作者： Chen Xuanhua\+1,Wang Xiaofeng\+1,Chen Zhengle\+1,George Gehrels\+2,Yin An\+3[WT5,5”BX](1.Institute of Geomechanics,CAGS,Beijing 100081,China 2.department of Geosciences, University of Arizona,Tucson,AZ 85721,USA 3.department of earth and space science

Granitoids,volcanic rocks and cherts,mainly of early Paleozoic,in northern Altyn Tagh(Fig.1) are analyzed here for the purpose of the determination of the tectonic environments and their development since Early Paleozoic.(1) Granitoids\ The collection of 128 main\|element petrochemical data from North Altyn Tagh area shows that most of the granitoids here are granites and granodiorites of calc\|alkaline *** consist mainly of metaluminous and peraluminous in Shand’s index,and only one of them,which belongs to Mesozoic,is *** of the granitoids plot in the IAG+CAG+CCG fields in the Maniar and Piccoli’s diagrams (1989) for tectonic discrimination of *** (Island arc granitoids)and CAG (Continental arc granitoids) can be distinguished for Early and Late Paleozoic granitoids,and maybe some CCG (Continental collision granitoids) for Early *** of Mesozoic and Cenozoic inherited the characteristics of those of *** active plate margin (pre\|plate collision)and Anatectic magmatism(syn\|orogenic,S\|type granites)are distinguished (Fig.2)for Paleozoic granitoids using de la Roche R 1\| R 2 multicationic diagram (Batchelor and Bowden,1985).Mesozoic and Cenozoic granitoids inherited the characteristics of Anatectic magmatism (syn\|orogenic)of these early ones,and post\|orogenic(A\|type)granites occurred in *** mechanism for magma formation is mainly partial melting.

关键词： granitoids volcanic rocks cherts tectonic environ ment Altyn Tagh

A POSSIBLE MECHANISM FOR CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS

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空间科学学报 1990年第3期10卷 163-174页

作者： Hu You-qiu(department of earth and space science, University of science and Technology of China, Hefei) 中国科学技术大学安徽合肥

This paper examines a possible mechanism for the initiation of coronal mass ejections by means of the eruption of magnetic flux beneath a closed magnetic structure analogous to a coronal helmet structure. A numerical computation shows that such an eruption deforms the helmet structure into an expanding bright "loop", followed by a dark cavity due to the expansion of the erupted magnetic field. The morphology and the internal structure of the loop are mainly determined by the background magnetic field whereas its ejective speed is largely controlled by the rate of flux ejection. The present model identifies the loop-like mass ejections with the above plasma structures moving with the frozen-in magnetic field and it may well explain some general properties of such ejections.

关键词： Sun Corona Mass ejection

Coronal Flux Rope Equilibria in Closed Magnetic Fields

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Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2003年第3期3卷 241-246页

作者： Zhen Wang and You-Qiu HuSchool of earth and space sciences, University of science and Technology of China, School of earth and space sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026

Using a 2.5-dimensional ideal MHD model in Cartesian coordinates, weinvestigate the equilibrium properties of coronal magnetic flux ropes in background magnetic fieldsthat are completely closed. The background fields are produced by a dipole, a quadrupole, and anoctapole, respectively, located below the photosphere at the same depth. A magnetic flux rope isthen launched from below the photosphere, and its magnetic properties, i.e., the annular magneticflux Φ_p and the axial magnetic flux Φ_z, are controlled by a single emergence parameter. Thewhole system eventually evolves into equilibrium, and the resultant flux rope is characterized bythree geometrical parameters: the height of the rope axis, the half-width of the rope, and thelength of the vertical current sheet below the rope. It is found that the geometrical parametersincrease monotonically and continuously with increasing Φ_p and Φ_z: no catastrophe ***, there exists a steep segment in the profiles of the geometrical parameters versus eitherΦ_p or Φ_z, and the faster the background field decays with height, the larger both the gradientand the growth amplitude within the steep segment will be.

关键词： sun: magnetic fields sun: corona

Skara hunanensis a new species of Skaracarida (Crustacea) from Upper Cambrian (Furongian) of Hunan,south China

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2007年第8期17卷 934-942页

作者： Liu Jie Dong Xiping~(**) (School of earth and space science,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China) School of earth and space science Peking University Beijing 100871 China

The fossils of Orsten-type preservation are as famous as Chengjiang Fauna in the world,but it was not until 2005 that the Orsten-type fossils represented by Skaraearida and Phosphatocopida were first reported to be found in western Hunan,South China. Here,we report the systematic paleontology of all the exquisitely preserved specimens belonging to *** were found at a same horizon of Upper Cambrian (Furongian) in Wangcun section,western Hunan,south China,assigned to a new species Skara huna- nensis *** hunanensis is characterized by small,soft-integumented,marine forms with slender,annulate body;labrum large and ventrocaudally directed;uniramous antennulae;biramous antennae and mandibulae;maxillas and maxillipeds of the same shape;all postantennular limbs join a short cephalic filter *** body has two tagmata:a cephalon with five pairs of well developed ap- pendages and a trunk composed of 11 ring-shaped conical segments.

关键词： Skara hunanensis Skaracarida Crustacea Upper Cambrian Furongian Hunan

TOPOLOGICAL CONFIGURATIONS OF POSSIBLE REAL NETS IN BINARY n+m(m≥3) PHASE MULTISYSTEMS

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science in China,Ser.B 1986年第10期29卷 1096-1109页

作者：程伟基 department of earth and space sciences University of science and Technology of China Hefei

This paper further summarizes the method and results developed to find all possible real nets in binary n+3 phase multisystems, and emphasizes that there is a definite relationship between configurations and symbols of stable and metastable invariant points of nets or positions of phases as symbols on the chemographic bar. On the basis of these, a general principle is developed to construct and check possible neets in binary n+m (m>3) phase multisysterns: this sort of nets must be the reasonable combination of one or more than one distinct binary n+3 phase multisystem subnets, in which the number of points missing respectively same m—3 phases in n+3. Therefore, the binary n-4-3 phase nets are basic construction units of the binary n+m(m>3) phase nets. As an instance, the maximum partially closed net in binary n+4 phase multisystems, which has the most stable invariant points, is constructed, and it is indicated that this sort of net is unique.

关键词： PHASE MULTISYSTEMS TOPOLOGICAL CONFIGURATIONS OF POSSIBLE REAL NETS IN BINARY n+m net NETS

Magnetic Energy of Force-Free Fields with Detached Field Lines

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Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2003年第6期3卷 555-562页

作者： Guo-Qiang Li and You-Qiu HuSchool of earth and space sciences, University of science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 School of earth and space sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026

Using an axisymmetrical ideal MHD model in spherical coordinates, we present a numerical study of magnetic configurations characterized by a levitating flux rope embedded in a bipolar background field whose normal field at the solar surface is the same or very close to that of a central dipole. The characteristic plasma β (the ratio between gas pressure and magnetic pressure) is taken to be so small (β = 10-4) that the magnetic field is close to being force-free. The system as a whole is then let evolve quasi-statically with a slow increase of either the annular magnetic flux or the axial magnetic flux of the rope, and the total magnetic energy of the system grows accordingly. It is found that there exists an energy threshold: the flux rope sticks to the solar surface in equilibrium if the magnetic energy of the system is below the threshold, whereas it loses equilibrium if the threshold is exceeded. The energy threshold is found to be larger than that of the corresponding fully-open magnetic field by a factor of nearly 1.08 irrespective as to whether the background field is completely closed or partly open, or whether the magnetic energy is enhanced by an increase of annular or axial flux of the rope. This gives an example showing that a force-free magnetic field may have an energy larger than the corresponding open field energy if part of the field lines is allowed to be detached from the solar surface. The implication of such a conclusion in coronal mass ejections is briefly discussed and some comments are made on the maximum energy of force-free magnetic fields.

关键词： Sun: magnetic fields - Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs) -methods: numerical

Glacial-Interglacial Atmospheric CO_2 Change——The Glacial Burial Hypothesis

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2003年第5期20卷 677-693页

作者： Ning ZENG department of Meteorology and earth System science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, USA department of Meteorology and earth System science Interdisciplinary Center University of Maryland USA

Organic carbon buried under the great ice sheets of the Northern Hemisphere is suggested to be the missing link in the atmospheric CO2 change over the glacial-interglacial cycles. At glaciation, the advancement of continental ice sheets buries vegetation and soil carbon accumulated during warmer periods. At deglaciation, this burial carbon is released back into the atmosphere. In a simulation over two glacial-interglacial cycles using a synchronously coupled atmosphere-land-ocean carbon model forced by reconstructed climate change, it is found that there is a 547-Gt terrestrial carbon release from glacial maximum to interglacial, resulting in a 60-Gt (about 30-ppmv) increase in the atmospheric CO2, with the remainder absorbed by the ocean in a scenario in which ocean acts as a passive buffer. This is in contrast to previous estimates of a land uptake at deglaciation. This carbon source originates from glacial burial, continental shelf, and other land areas in response to changes in ice cover, sea level, and climate. The input of light isotope enriched terrestrial carbon causes atmospheric δ13C to drop by about 0.3‰ at deglaciation, followed by a rapid rise towards a high interglacial value in response to oceanic warming and regrowth on land. Together with other ocean based mechanisms such as change in ocean temperature, the glacial burial hypothesis may offer a full explanation of the observed 80–100-ppmv atmospheric CO2 change.

关键词： atmospheric CO2 ice age glacial burial hypothesis climate

The Thermal History of the Huangmeijian Granite Intrusion in Anhui and Its Relation to Mineralization: Isotopic Evidence

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1996年第2期70卷 168-180页

作者： Zheng Yongfei Fu Bin and Gong Bing department of earth and space sciences, University of science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 Liu Xinzhu department of earth and space sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026

Whole-rock Rb-Sr, zircon U-Pb and hornblende, biotite and K-feldspar K-Ar ages areused to reconstruct the cooling history of the Huangmeijian intrusion in the Anqing-Lujiangquartz-syenite belt in Anhui. Oxygen isotope geothermometry of mineral pairs demonstrates thatdiffusion is a dominant factor controlling the closure of isotopic systems. Assuming the coolingof the intrusion is synchronous with a dicrease in local geothermal gradients, an emplacementdepth of about 8 km and the magma crystallization temperature of 800±50℃ are estimated. TheHuangmeijian intrusion experienced a rapid cooling process and uplifted after its emplacementand crystallization at 133 Ma B.P. with a cooling rate of 34.5℃/Ma and an uplifting rate of 0.35mm/a. The intrusion was rising until it rested at a depth of 3km at a temperature of 300±50℃about 14 Ma later. Then the intrusion was in slow cooling and uplifting with a cooling rate of4.4℃/Ma and an uplifting rate of 0.04 mm/a. U-Pb dating of pitchblende is done for the hydrothermal uranium deposit formed in thecontact zone of the Huangmeijian intrusion. The result shows that the mineralization age is closeto the closing time of the K-Ar system in biotite. The fluid inclusion thermometry indicates thatthe mineralization temperature is in agreement with the closure temperature of the biotite K-Arsystem. This suggests a close relationship between the slow cooling of the intrusion and thehydrothermal uranium mineralization process.

关键词： quartz syenite isotopic age oxygen isotope cooling history mineralization rate control

Some basic concepts and problems on the petrogenesis of intra-plate ocean island basalts

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Chinese science Bulletin 2009年第22期54卷 4148-4160页

作者： NIU Yaoling1,2,3 1 department of earth sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK 2 School of earth sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China 3 School of earth and space sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China department of earth sciences Durham University Durham UK School of earth sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing China School of earth and space sciences Peking University Beijing China

Basaltic magmatism that builds intra-plate ocean islands is often considered to be genetically associated with "hotspots" or "mantle plumes". While there have been many discussions on why ocean island basalts (OIB) are geochemically highly enriched as an integral part of the mantle plume hypothesis, our current understanding on the origin of OIB source material remains unsatisfactory, and some prevailing ideas need revision. One of the most popular views states that OIB source material is recycled oceanic crust (ROC). Among many problems with the ROC model, the ocean crust is simply too depleted (e.g., [La/Sm]PM > 1) OIB. Another popular view states that the enriched component of OIB comes from recycled continental crust (RCC, i.e.; terrigenous sediments). While both CC and OIB are enriched in many incompatible elements (e.g., both have [La/Sm]PM >>1), the CC has characteristic enrichment in Pb and deletion in Nb, Ta, P and Ti. Such signature is too strong to be eliminated such that CC is unsuitable as source material for OIB. Plate tectonics and mantle circulation permit the presence of ROC and RCC materials in mantle source regions of basalts, but they must be volumetrically insignificant in contributing to basalt magmatism. The observation that OIB are not only enriched in incompatible elements, but also enriched in the progressively more incompatible elements indicates that the enriched component of OIB is of magmatic origin and most likely associated with low-degree melt metasomatism. H2O and CO2 rich incipient melt may form in the seismic low velocity zone (LVZ). This melt will rise because of buoyancy and concentrate into a melt rich layer atop the LVZ to metasomatize the growing lithosphere, forming the metasomatic vein lithologies. Erupted OIB melts may have three components: (1) fertile OIB source material from depth that is dominant, (2) the melt layer, and (3) assimilation of the metasomatic

关键词：岩石成因论海洋 OIB 矿物学

Multifractal modelling and spectrum analysis: Methods and applications to gamma ray spectrometer data from southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada

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science China earth sciences 2006年第3期49卷 283-294页

作者： CHENG Qiuming1,2 1. State Key Lab of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China 2. department of earth and space science and Engineering, department of Geography, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada State Key Lab of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Wuhan China department of earth and space science and Engineering Department of Geography York University Toronto Canada

Multifractal spectrum, autocorrelation/semivariogram and power spectrum are three dif- ferent functions characterizing a field or measure from different aspects. These functions are interre- lated in such that the autocorrelation/semivariogram and power spectrum are related to the low order statistical moments (0 to 2 nd) which may determine the local multifractality (τ ″(1)) of a multifractal measure. A better understanding of the interrelationships among these three functions is important because, on one hand, the multifractal modelling characterizes a multifractal measure in a more de- tailed manner since it involves moments of all orders. On the other hand, the commonly used semivariogram and power spectrum functions can be used as alternatives to study the dominant mul- tifractal properties around the mean measure. Moreover, semivariogram and power-spectrum func- tions provide spatial and spectral information, which is highly valued in geological applications. A new fractal relation found between area and power-spectrum will be useful for investigation of new meth- ods of spatial-spectral analysis for pattern recognition, anomaly separation, classification, etc. These results have been demonstrated with the case study of modelling gamma ray spectrometer data from the mineral district, southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada. The results have shown that the values of uranium (U), thorium (Th) and potassium (K) may possess monofractal properties whereas the ratios of these values show high multifractality. The values of the ratios U/K and U/Th show relatively large variances and may provide more information for distinguishing the distinct phases of the granites, country rocks as well as possible gold mineralization-associated regional hydrothermal alteration zones. In addition, the power spectra for U, Th, K, U/Th and U/K consistently show two distinct power-law relationships for two ranges of wave number 12≤ω ≤160 km and 0≤ω ≤12 km. These properties might provide usefu

关键词： gamma ray spectrometer data, gold mineralization, alteration zones, multifractal modelling, spectral analysis, GIS.