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CO_2 Emission Induced by Urban Household Consumption in china

Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2009年第3期7卷 11-19页

作者： Wang Yan1,2,3,Shi Minjun1,2 1.Graduate university of Chinese Academy of Sciences,beijing 100049,china 2.Research Center on Fictitious Economy and Data Science,CAS,beijing 100190,china 3.communications university of china,beijing 100024,china Graduate university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Research Center on Fictitious Economy and Data Science CAS Beijing 100190 China communications university of china Beijing 100024 China

Household consumption is one of the important factors that induce CO2 *** on input-output model,this article calculated the intensity of CO2 emission of different income groups and seven provinces in china,and then estimated total CO2 emission induced by urban household consumption from 1995 to 2004 in china based on statistic data of household living *** results show that CO2 emission per capita induced by household consumption had increased from 1583 to 2498 kg CO2 during *** ratio of consumption-induced CO2 emission to total CO2 emission had risen from 19% to 30% in the past *** CO2 emission accounted for an important part of the consumption-induced emission,the ratio of indirect emission to consumption-induced emission had risen from 69% to 79% during the same period.A significant difference in consumption-induced CO2 emission across different income groups and different regions has been ***2 emission per capita of higher income groups and developed regions increased faster than that of lower income groups and developing *** lifestyle has driven significant increase in CO2 ***,increases in private transport expenditure(for example,vehicle expenditure) and house building expenditure are key driving factors of growth in consumption-induced CO2 *** are big differences in the amount of CO2 emission induced by change in lifestyle across different income groups and *** can be expected that lower income households and developing regions will increase consumption to improve their livings with income growth in the future,which may induce much more CO2 emission.A reasonable level of CO2 emission is necessary to satisfy human needs and to improve living standard,but a noticeable fact is that CO2 emission per capita induced by household consumption in developed areas of china had reached a quite high *** in lifestyle towards a low-carbon society is in urgent ne

关键词：资源二氧化碳城市环境大气污染

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An efficient quantum secret sharing protocol with orthogonal product states

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2007年第3期50卷 331-338页

作者： YANG YuGuang1,2, WEN QiaoYan3 & ZHU FuChen4 1 School of Computer, beijing university of Technology, beijing 100022, china 2 State Key Laboratory of Information Security, Graduate university of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100022, china 3 School of Science, beijing university of Posts and Telecommunications, beijing 100876, china 4 National Key Laboratory for Modern communications, Chengdu 610041, china School of Computer Beijing University of Technology Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Information Security Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China National Key Laboratory for Modern communications Chengdu China

An efficient quantum secret sharing protocol with orthogonal product states in the 33 Hilbert space is presented. The particles in the orthogonal product states form two particle sequences. One sequence is sent to Bob and the other is sent to Charlie after rearranging the particle orders. With the help of Alice, Bob and Charlie make the corresponding local measurement to obtain the information of the or- thogonal product states prepared. This protocol has many distinct features such as great capacity and high efficiency.

关键词： quantum secret sharing orthogonal product state orthogonal measurement

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Quantum threshold group signature

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第10期51卷 1505-1514页

作者： YANG YuGuang1,2,3 & WEN QiaoYan4 1 College of Computer Science and Technology, beijing university of Technology, beijing 100124, china 2 State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network, Xidian university, Xi’an 710071, china 3 State Key Laboratory of Information Security (Graduate university of Chinese Academy of Sciences), beijing 100049, china 4 State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, beijing university of Posts and Tele-communications, beijing 100876, china College of Computer Science and Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network Xidian University Xi’an China State Key Laboratory of Information Security Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China

In most situations, the signer is generally a single person. However, when the message is written on behalf of an organization, a valid message may require the approval or consent of several persons. Threshold signature is a solution to this problem. Generally speaking, as an authority which can be trusted by all members does not exist, a threshold signature scheme without a trusted party appears more attractive. Following some ideas of the classical Shamir’s threshold signature scheme, a quantum threshold group signature one is proposed. In the proposed scheme, only t or more of n persons in the group can generate the group signature and any t-1 or fewer ones cannot do that. In the verification phase, any t or more of n signature receivers can verify the message and any t-1 or fewer receivers cannot verify the validity of the signature.

关键词： threshold quantum signature trusted party quantum cryptography

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Threshold proxy quantum signature scheme with threshold shared verification

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第8期51卷 1079-1088页

作者： YANG YuGuang1,3,4 & WEN QiaoYan2 1 College of Computer Science and Technology,beijing university of Technology,beijing 100124,china 2 State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology,beijing university of Posts and Tele-communications,beijing 100876,china 3 State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network,Xidian university,Xi’an 710071,china 4 State Key Laboratory of Information Security(Graduate university of Chinese Academy of Sciences) ,beijing 100049,china College of Computer Science and Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network Xidian University Xi’an China State Key Laboratory of Information Security (Graduate university of Chinese Academy of Sciences) Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China

A threshold proxy quantum signature scheme with threshold shared verification is proposed. An original signer could authorize a group as its proxy signers. Then only t or more of n persons in the proxy group can generate the proxy signature on behalf of the original signer and any t-1 or fewer ones cannot do that. When the proxy signature needs to be verified,any t or more of n persons belonging to the verification group can verify the message and any t-1 or fewer ones cannot verify the validity of the proxy signature.

关键词： quantum signature threshold proxy quantum group signature threshold shared verification

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Threshold quantum secret sharing between multi-party and multi-party

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第9期51卷 1308-1315页

作者： YANG YuGuang1,2,3 & WEN QiaoYan4 1 College of Computer Science and Technology,beijing university of Technology,beijing 100124,china 2 State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network,Xidian university,Xi’an 710071,china 3 State Key Laboratory of Information Security (Graduate university of Chinese Academy of Sciences),beijing 100049,china 4 State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology,beijing university of Posts and Tele-communications,beijing 100876,china College of Computer Science and Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Network Xidian University Xi’an China State Key Laboratory of Information Security (Graduate university of Chinese Academy of Sciences) Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China

A threshold quantum secret sharing (TQSS) scheme between multi-party and multi-party was proposed using a sequence of single photons,which is useful and efficient when the parties of communication are not all present. We described the process of this TQSS scheme and discussed its security. It was shown that entan-glement is not necessary for quantum secret sharing. Moreover,the theoretic effi-ciency was improved to approach 100% as almost all the instances can be used for generating the private key,and each photon can carry one bit of information. This protocol is feasible with the present-day technique.

关键词： threshold quantum secret sharing quantum cryptography single photon multi-party and multi-party

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Robust multiuser MIMO scheduling algorithms with imperfect CSI

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2012年第4期55卷 815-826页

作者： MAO JunLing 1,3,GAO JinChun 1,3,LIU YuanAn 1,3,XIE Gang 2,3 & ZHANG Jian 1,3 1 School of Electronic Engineering,beijing university of Posts and Telecommunications,beijing 100876,china 2 School of Information and Communication Engineering,beijing university of Posts and Telecommunications,beijing 100876,china 3 Key Lab of Universal Wireless communications,Ministry of Education,beijing university of Posts and Telecommunications,beijing 100876,china School of Electronic Engineering Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China Key Lab of Universal Wireless communications Ministry of Education Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China School of Information and Communication Engineering Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China

Robust multiuser multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) scheduling algorithms are proposed in this *** imperfect channel state information (CSI),traditional scheduling algorithms for the multiuser MIMO system based on the zero forcing precoding scheme will lose some performance due to the multi-user interference (MUI).In order to improve the system average throughput,we study the robust multiuser MIMO scheduling problem with imperfect *** the average capacity formula,we derive a robust factor which can transform the robust multiuser MIMO scheduling problem into the traditional one,thus most existing non-robust scheduling algorithms can be robust if this factor is *** results show that compared with the traditional algorithms,the proposed robust algorithms can improve the system average throughput significantly under the CSI error environment.

关键词： multiuser MIMO (MU-MIMO) scheduling robust imperfect CSI

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Multiparty simultaneous quantum identity authentication with secret sharing

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第3期51卷 321-327页

作者： YANG YuGuang1,2,WEN QiaoYan3 & ZHANG Xing4,5 1 College of Computer Science and Technology,beijing university of Technology,beijing 100022,china 2 State Key Laboratory of Information Security (Graduate university of the Chinese Academy of Sciences),beijing 100049,china 3 School of Science,beijing university of Posts and Telecommunications,beijing 100876,china 4 Institute of Electronic Technology,Information Engineering university,Zhengzhou 450004,china 5 Trusted Computing Laboratory,beijing university of Technology,beijing 100022,china College of Computer Science and Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Information Security (Graduate university of the Chinese Academy of Sciences) Beijing China School of Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China Institute of Electronic Technology Information Engineering University Zhengzhou China Trusted Computing Laboratory Beijing University of Technology Beijing China

Two multiparty simultaneous quantum identity authentication (MSQIA) protocols based on secret sharing are presented. All the users can be authenticated by a trusted third party (TTP) simultaneously. In the first protocol,the TTP shares a random key K with all the users using quantum secret sharing. The ith share acts as the authentication key of the ith user. When it is necessary to perform MSQIA,the TTP generates a random number R secretly and sends a sequence of single photons encoded with K and R to all the users. According to his share,each user performs the corresponding unitary operations on the single photon sequence sequentially. At last,the TTP can judge whether the impersonator exists. The sec-ond protocol is a modified version with a circular structure. The two protocols can be efficiently used for MSQIA in a network. They are feasible with current technol-ogy.

关键词： quantum identity authentication secret sharing quantum cryptography

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Threshold quantum secure direct communication without entanglement

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第2期51卷 176-183页

作者： YANG YuGuang1,3 & WEN QiaoYan2 1 College of Computer Science and Technology, beijing university of Technology, beijing 100022, china 2 School of Science, beijing university of Posts and Telecommunications, beijing 100876, china 3 State Key Laboratory of Information Security (Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences), beijing 100049, china College of Computer Science and Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Information Security (Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences) Beijing China School of Science Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China

For the first time, a threshold quantum secure direct communication (TQSDC) scheme is presented. Similar to the classical Shamir's secret sharing scheme, the sender makes n shares, S1, …, Sn of secret key K and each receiver keeps a share secretly. If the sender wants to send a secret message M to the receivers, he en-codes the information of K and M on a single photon sequence and sends it to one of the receivers. According to the secret shares, the t receivers sequentially per-form the corresponding unitary operations on the single photon sequence and ob-tain the secret message M. The shared shares may be reusable if it can be judged that there is no eavesdropper in line. We discuss that our protocol is feasible with current technology.

关键词： quantum secure direct communication threshold secure direct communication quantum secret sharing

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Bandwidth allocation and admission control scheme based on Nash bargaining solution for WiMAX systems

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The Journal of china Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2010年第2期17卷 53-58页

作者： CAI Dao-jin ,JI Hong,LI Xi Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless communications,Ministry of Education,beijing university of Posts and Telecommunications,beijing 100876,china Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless communications Ministry of Education Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China

Development of fair and efficient bandwidth allocation and admission control schemes is one of the key issues in the design of IEEE 802.16 broadband wireless access systems in time division multiple access （TDMA） mode. In this article, the problem of bandwidth allocation and admission control is formulated as a Nash bargaining model. The nash bargaining solution （NBS） derived from the cooperative game is adopted to maximize the spectrum utilization. Analysis and simulation results show that there is a unique Pareto optimal bandwidth allocation solution by using NBS among various flows. Furthermore, maximum utility of the system can also be maintained by using the admission control policy with different number of connections and variable channel qualities. The total throughput of the proposed scheme is close to the maximal one, while significantly improving fairness compared to the existing solutions.

关键词： NBS game theory bandwidth allocation admission control IEEE 802.16

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Hopping control channel MAC protocol for opportunistic spectrum access networks

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The Journal of china Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2010年第6期17卷 65-71页

作者： FU Jing-tuan,JI Hong,MAO Xu Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless communications,Ministry of Education,beijing university of Posts and Telecommunications,beijing 100876,china Key Laboratory of Universal Wireless communications Ministry of Education Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China

Opportunistic spectrum access （OSA） is considered as a promising approach to mitigate spectrum scarcity by allowing unlicensed users to exploit spectrum opportunities in licensed frequency bands. Derived from the existing channel-hopping multiple access （CHMA） protocol,we introduce a hopping control channel medium access control （MAC） protocol in the context of OSA networks. In our proposed protocol,all nodes in the network follow a common channel-hopping sequence; every frequency channel can be used as control channel and data channel. Considering primary users＇ occupancy of the channel,we use a primary user （PU） detection model to calculate the channel availability for unlicensed users＇ access. Then,a discrete Markov chain analytical model is applied to describe the channel states and deduce the system throughput. Through simulation,we present numerical results to demonstrate the throughput performance of our protocol and thus validate our work.

关键词： channel hopping MAC protocol OSA Markov chain

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