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Validity of the Bouchet's complementary relationship at 102 observatories across China

Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第5期52卷 708-713页

作者： YU JingJie1,2,ZHANG YongQiang3,LIU ChangMing1,2 1 Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China 2 Key Laboratory of water Cycle and Related land Surface Processes,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China 3.csiro land and water,po box 1666,canberra act 2601,australia Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Key Laboratory of water Cycle and Related land Surface Processes Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China csiro La

Bouchet in 1963 hypothesized that for large homogeneous land surface with minimum advection of heat and moisture,there exists a 1:1 complementary relationship of potential and actual evaporation coupled through land-atmosphere *** complementary relationship has been widely used to estimate regional actual evaporation and explain the pan evaporation *** examine the standardized potential evaporation(potential evaporation divided by wet environment evaporation) at 102 observatories at different elevations across ***,the relationship is appropriate at the low elevations(por transfer power becomes much less than radiation energy budget because of lower vapor pressure deficit and stronger global solar *** a result,at the high elevations(over 1000 m),the excess energy resulted by limited moisture availability is not enough to be converted into drying power of the *** result suggests that the complementary relationship is asymmetric at the high elevations.

关键词： evaporation complementary relationship elevation China

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Saline water Irrigation Scheduling Through a Crop-water-Salinity Production Function and a Soil-water-Salinity Dynamic Model

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Pedosphere 2007年第3期17卷 303-317页

作者： WANG Yang-Ren KANG Shao-Zhong LI Fu-Sheng ZHANG Lu ZHANG Jian-Hua Center for Agricultural water Research in China China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 （China） Department of water Conservancy Engineering Tianjin Agricultural University Tianjin 300384 （China） Agricultural College Guangxi University Nanning 530005 （China） csiro land and-water GPO Box 1666 Canberra ACT 2601 （Australia） Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon Tang Hong Kong （China）

Using a crop-water-salinity production function and a soil-water-salinity dynamic model, optimal irrigation scheduling was developed to maximize net return per irrigated area. Plot and field experiments were used to obtain the crop water sensitivity index, the salinity sensitivity index, and other parameters. Using data collected during 35 years to calculate the 10-day mean precipitation and evaporation, the variation in soil salinity concentrations and in the yields of winter wheat and cotton were simulated for 49 irrigation scheduling that were combined from 7 irrigation schemes over 3 irrigation dates and 7 salinity concentrations of saline irrigation water (fresh water and 6 levels of saline water). Comparison of predicted results with irrigation data obtained from a large area of the field showed that the model was valid and reliable. Based on the analysis of the investment cost of the irrigation that employed deep tube wells or shallow tube wells, a saline water irrigation schedule and a corresponding strategy for groundwater development and utilization were proposed. For wheat or cotton, if the salinity concentration was higher than 7.0 g L-1 in groundwater, irrigation was needed with only fresh water; if about 5.0 g L-1, irrigation was required twice with fresh water and once with saline water; and if not higher than 3.0 g L-1, irrigation could be solely with saline water.

关键词： crop-water-salinity production function irrigation scheduling saline water irrigation water-salinity dy- namic model

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