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2023.Guideline for the management of hypertension in the elderly population in china

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第6期21卷 589-630页

作者： Hypertension Branch of Chinese Geriatrics Society,beijing Hypertension Association,National Clinical Research center of the Geriatric Diseases Qi HUA Li FAN Zeng-Wu WANG Jing LI 不详 Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Chinese PLA General Hospital BeijingChina Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

Preamble Hypertension is one of the most common chronic diseases and the primary risk factor for stroke,myocardial infarction and even cardiovascular *** than half of the elderly population has high blood *** people are a unique group,and strategies for the prevention,diagnosis,evaluation,and treatment of hypertension in elderly individuals differ significantly from those in the general population.

关键词： hypertension prevention diagnosis

Paleotemperature changes over the past 3.00 years in eastern beijing, china: A reconstraction based on Mg/Sr records in a stalagmite

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第4期48卷 395-400页

作者： MA Zhibang1, LI Hongchun2, XIA Ming1, KU Tehlung2, PENG Zicheng3. CHEN Yushu4 & ZHANG Zhaofeng3.1. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100029, china 2. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA90089-0740, USA 3. Department of Earth and Space Science, University of Science and Technology of china, Hefei 23.026, china 4. beijing Foshan Tourist Service Centre, beijing 101201, china Institute of Geology and Geophysics. Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

The Mg/Sr ratio in a stalagmite, which is di-rectly proportional to DMg/Ca, the solid-liquid distribution coefficient of Mg, is proposed as a geochemical thermometer to estimate paleotemperature changes. The paleotempera-ture change in eastern beijing over the past 3.00 years has been reconstructed by using this thermometer in the stalag-mite ZFFS-1 from Jingdong Cave. The records can be di-vided into two periods: 3.00—2000 aBP, cool and wet, the air temperature averaging 9.8℃; and 2000 aBP—present, hot and dry, the air temperature being 1℃ higher than the mean value (11.7℃) of the past 3.00 years. During 500—200 aBP, the air temperature was about 1.2℃ lower than that of the present, corresponding to the Little Ice Age in Europe. Like d 18O and d 13., Mg/Sr (or DMg/Ca) reflects an obviously warming trend of the past 200 years. These results are sup-ported by historic records.

关键词：北京京东溶洞石笋 Mg/Sr记录古气温测年 3.00年

Relationship between the Asian-Pacific oscillation and the tropical cyclone frequency in the western North Pacific

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第3期51卷 380-385页

作者： ZHOU BoTao1, CUI Xuan2 & ZHAO Ping3.1 Laboratory for climate Studies, National climate center,{3. Meteorological Administration, beijing 100081,{3. 2 National Meteorological center,{3. Meteorological Administration, beijing 100081,{3. 3.Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,{3. Meteorological Administration, beijing 100081,{3. 1. Laboratory for climate Studies National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China 2. National Meteorological center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China 3. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

The relationship between the Asian-Pacific oscillation (APO) and the tropical cyclone frequency over the western North Pacific (WNP) in summer is preliminarily investigated through an analysis of ob- served data. The result has shown clearly that APO is significantly and positively correlated to the tropical cyclone frequency in the WNP. If APO is above (below) the normal in summer, more (less) tropical cyclones will tend to appear in the WNP. The present study also addresses the large-scale at- mospheric general circulation changes underlying the linkage between APO and the WNP tropical cy- clone frequency. It follows that a positive phase of summer APO is concurrent with weakened as well as northward and eastward located western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH), low-level convergence and high-level divergence, and reduced vertical zonal wind shear in the WNP, providing favorable envi- ronment for the tropical cyclone genesis, and thus more tropical cyclones will come into being, and vice versa.

关键词： Asian-Pacific oscillation western North Pacific tropical cyclone atmospheric circulation

Teleconnection between the Indian summer monsoon onset and the Meiyu over the Yangtze River Valley

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第7期51卷 1021-1035页

作者： LIU YunYun1,2,3.& DING YiHui2 1 Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, beijing 100081, china 2 National climate {3., beijing 100081, china 3.Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100049, china 1. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China 2. National climate center Beijing 100081 China 3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Based on the Indian and Chinese precipitation data and the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis circulation data, the relationship between the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) onset and the Meiyu over the Yangtze River Valley has been discussed by the methods of correlation analysis and composite analysis. The results show that the date of ISM onset over Kerala in the southwestern coast of the Indian Peninsula is about two weeks earlier than the beginning of the Meiyu over the Yangtze River Valley. After the outbreak of ISM, the teleconnection mode sets up from the western coast of India via the Bay of Bengal (BOB) to the Yangtze River Valley and southern Japan. It is different both in time and space from the telecon- nection mode which is from the northwest of India via the Tibetan Plateau to northern china. The for- mer mode is defined as the "south" teleconnection of the Asian summer monsoon, forming in the pe- riod of ISM onset; while the latter mode is called the "north" teleconnection, mainly occurring in the Asian monsoon culminant period. During the process of the "south" teleconnection’s formation, the Asian monsoon circulation has experienced a series of important changes: ISM onset, the northward movement of the south Asia high (SAH), the onset vortex occurrence, the eastward extension of the stronger tropical westerly belt, and the northeastward jump of the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH), etc. Consequently, since ISM sets up over Kerala, the whole Asian continent is covered by the upper SAH after about two weeks, while in the mid- and lower troposphere, a strong wind belt forms from the Arabian Sea via the southern India, BOB and the South china Sea (SCS), then along the western flank of WPSH, to the Yangtze River Valley and southern Japan. With the northward moving of the subtropical jet streams, the upper westerly jet stream and the low level jet have been coupled ver- tically over east Asia, while the Yangtze River Valley happens to locate in the ascending motion

关键词： Indian summer monsoon (ISM) the Meiyu over the Yangtze River Valley teleconnection mode

Seasonal variations and bioavailability of inorganic phosphorus in soils of Yeyahu Wetland in beijing,china

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2011年第2期26卷 181-192页

作者： ZHANG Jing,LI Min,LIU Shuang,LIU Yujin,ZHANG Liqiang,CAO Qi,and SUN Dezhi 1 Ph.D.student,~ 2 Assoc,Prof,~(3.6) Master,~7 Prof,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,beijing Forestry University,beijing,P.R.china,100083.~(4,5) Senior Engineer,beijing Yanqing Yeyahu Wetland Nature Reserve,beijing,P.R.china,102101 [a]Ph.D. student College of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry University Beijing P.R. China 100083 [b]Assoc. Prof. College of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry University Beijing P.R. China 100083 [c]Master College of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry University Beijing P.R. China 100083 [f]Master College of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry University Beijing P.R. China 100083 [g]Prof. College of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry University Beijing P.R. China 100083 [d]Senior Engineer Beijing Yanqing Yeyahu Wetland Nature Reserve Beijing P.R. China 102101 [e]Senior Engineer Beijing Yanqing Yeyahu Wetland Nature Reserve Beijing P.R. China 102101

Phosphorus(P) in soils has an important influence on the development and productivity of wetland. The objective of this study was to investigate the distribution,bioavailability and seasonal variations of inorganic phosphorus(IP) in soils of Yeyahu *** results showed that the concentration of Ca-bound P(Ca-P) remained the main occurrence in all IP fractions despite the season,at the same time the Al-bound P(Al-P) was always the lowest IP fraction despite the ***-P and Fe-bound P (Fe-P) concentration were all reached the highest value in May and the lowest in November,which was opposite to the occluded P(Oc-P) *** notable higher Oc-P concentration in November observed in this study was probably due to the decomposition of plants and the subsequently releasing of oxides to ***-P didn’t change much with season *** P(Ex-P) and Oc-P were all positively correlated with soil moisture content and organic matter content,but Al-P was negatively correlated with these two soil *** a stable form,Ca-P was not associated with soil ***-P,Fe-P and Ca-P might contribute to the storage of P in studied wetland with the principle component analysis *** concentration rank order of the bio-available P in soils was generally as follows:Olsen-P > Algal available P(AAP) > Water soluble P(WSP) > Readily desorbed P(RDP).Olsen-P was positively correlated with Ex-P and Oc-P,and it was thought to be a more suitable indicator for bio-available P in soils.

关键词： Inorganic phosphorus fractions Distribution Bioavailability Seasonal variations

Measurement Methodology for Monitoring Fouling Resistance in Condenser of Chiller

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湖南大学学报（自然科学版） 2009年第S1期36卷 119-122页

作者： YU Dan1,3.GAN Li-si1,CAO Yong2(1.beijing University of Technology,beijing 100022,china 2.Build Environment and Energy Efficiency,china Academy of Building Research,beijing 100013.china 3.beijing Institute of Civil Engineering and Architecture,beijing 100044,china) beijing University of Technology Beijing 100022 China beijing Institute of Civil Engineering and Architecture Beijing 100044 China Build Environment and Energy Efficiency China Academy of Building Research Beijing 100013 China

This paper established an on-line monitoring model for fouling resistance of cooling water based on heat transfer theory,which was mainly applied to the fouling resistance test for condenser of chiller in operation,and the test requirements were *** proves that the load ratio of chiller has big influence on the test result,and the best load ratio for test is the range of 80%～100%.A case has been executed to validate the model's feasibility.

关键词： fouling resistance monitoring condenser cooling water

A preliminary study on seismic design criteria of offshore platforms in Bohai Sea of china

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2010年第2期9卷 223-231页

作者： Peng Yanju1,Lu Yuejun1,Yan Jiaquan2,Tang Rongyu1,Wang Junqin3.and Li Jiagang3.1. Institute of Crustal Dynamics,china Earthquake Administration,beijing 100085,china 2. Institute of Geophysics,china Earthquake Administration,beijing 100081,china 3. beijing Research center of china National Offshore Oil Corp.,beijing 100027,china Institute of Crustal Dynamics China Earthquake Administration Beijing 100085 China

This paper analyzes the seismicity in Bohai Sea,introducing a shape factor K to characterize the seismic risk distribution in sub-regions of the sea. Based on the seismic design ground motions for 46 platforms located in the Bohai Sea,a statistical analysis was performed for different peak ground acceleration (PGA) ratios at two different probability levels. In accordance with the two-stage design method,a scheme of two seismic design levels is proposed,and two seismic design objectives are established respectively for the strength level earthquake and the ductility level earthquake. By analogy with and comparison to the Chinese seismic design code for buildings,it is proposed that the probability level for the strength level earthquake and ductility level earthquake have a return period of 200 and 1000 - 2500 years,respectively. The validity of these proposed values is discussed. Finally,the PGAs corresponding to these two probability levels are calculated for different sub-regions of the Bohai Sea.

关键词： fixed offshore platform seismic design level seismic design objective return period Bohai Sea

Predictor-based error correction method in short-term climate prediction

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第1期18卷 129-135页

作者： Hongli Ren Laboratory for climate Studies,National climate center,{3. Meteorological Administration,beijing 100081,{3. Laboratory for climate Studies National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

In terms of the basic idea of combining dynamical and statistical methods in short-term climate prediction,a new prediction method of predictor-based error correction(PREC)is put forward in order to effectively use statistical experiences in dynamical ***- yses show that the PREC can reasonably utilize the significant correlations between predictors and model prediction errors and correct prediction errors by establishing statistical prediction ***,the PREC is further applied to the cross-validation experiments of dynamical seasonal prediction on the operational atmosphere-ocean coupled general circulation model of china Meteorological Admin- istration/National climate {3. by selecting the sea surface temperature index in Ninflo3.region as the physical predictor that represents the prevailing ENSO-cycle mode of interannual variability in climate *** is shown from the prediction results of summer mean circulation and total precipitation that the PREC can improve predictive skills to some *** the PREC provides a new approach for improving short-term climate prediction.

关键词： Short-term climate prediction Seasonal prediction Predictor Error correction

Inertial theory of the mean Hadley circulation under the condition of nonstatic equilibrium

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第5期49卷 546-553页

作者： CHAO Jiping1 & LIU Fei2,3.1. National Marine Environmental Forecasting center, beijing 100081, china 2. Key Laboratory Regional {3.-Environment for Temperate East Asia, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100029, china 3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100049, china 1. National Marine Environmental Forecasting center Beijing 100081 China 2. Key Laboratory Regional climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China 3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Tropical atmosphere is divided into two layers, the layer near the ground is the planet boundary layer, where the motion is linear, if the radiation equilibrium temperature is given at the top of the boundary layer, the vertical motion there can be obtained. It is the non-viscous ideal atmos- pheric layer above the boundary one, where the motion is nonlinear. After getting the conservation laws of angular momentum, potential temperature and potential vortex, the inertial theory of the Hadley circulation driven by the vertical motion of the boundary layer is established, followed by sev- eral examples of its application.

关键词： Hadley circulation, inertial theory, conservation laws of angular momentum, potential temperature and potential vortex.