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Two conceptual models of displacement transfer and examples

Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第7期48卷 900-911页

作者： GUAN Shuwei1,2, WANG Xin2, YANG Shufeng2, HE Dengfa1 & ZHAO Weidong3.1. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083. china 2. Department of Geosciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 3.0027, china 3. tarim oilfield company,{3., china Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083 China Department of Geosciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China tarim oilfield company Korla 841000 China

This paper presents two conceptual models of displacement transfer, reverse sym- metry model and infinitely equal division model, based on the fault-bend folding theory. If the fault shape is held constant in the trend, then the distribution of slip magnitude, geometry of imbricate structures and its axial surface map all display reverse symmetry on the process of displacement transfer, as called reverse symmetry model in this paper. However, if the ramp height of thrust fault decreases gradually along its strike, the displacement is postulated to be equally and infinitely divided to every thrust that is formed subsequently, this kinematic process is described using infinitely equal division model. In both models, displacement transfer is characterized by the regular changes of imbricate thrusting in the trend. Geometric analysis indicates that the displacement transfer grads can be estimated using the tangent of deflective angle of hinterland structures. Displacement transfer is often responsible for the distortion and branching of the surface anticlines, especially in the region where the multi-level detachment structures is developed. We also present some examples from the frontal structures of the Southern Tianshan fold-and-thrust belt, Xinjiang, china. Displacement transfer between deep imbricate thrusts in the middle segment of Qiulitag anticline zone causes the Kuqatawu and Southern Qiulitag deep an- ticlines left-lateral echelon. The region, where these two deep anticlines overlap, is characterized by duplex structures, and extends about 18 km. The shallow anticline is migrated southward displaying obvious “S” form in this area.

关键词： displacement transfer fault-bend folding reverse symmetry model infinitely equal division model Qiulitag zone.

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基于序贯模块法的天然气处理全流程模拟软件

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天然气工业 2009年第1期29卷 100-102页

作者：梁平陶宏伟李志铭唐柯彭志伟重庆科技学院中国石油西南油气田公司输气管理处中国石油塔里木油田公司中国航油重庆分公司中国石油大港油田公司

天然气处理系统是一个统一、密闭的水动力系统,仅通过单独改变某一个或多个设备的运行参数很难达到全流程最优处理效果。针对这种情况,在完成各单体设备处理流程模拟的基础上,提出了运用序贯模块法完成各单体设备之间输入输出的连接,实... 详细信息

天然气处理系统是一个统一、密闭的水动力系统,仅通过单独改变某一个或多个设备的运行参数很难达到全流程最优处理效果。针对这种情况,在完成各单体设备处理流程模拟的基础上,提出了运用序贯模块法完成各单体设备之间输入输出的连接,实现了天然气处理全流程模拟,可达到全流程操作参数优化的目的。应用该方法开发出的牙哈凝析气田集中处理站全流程模拟软件能够有效地实现全流程模拟,并就此提出了全流程优化方案。实践证明该优化方案可有效指导生产。

关键词：天然气处理序贯模块法全流程模拟软件优化设计

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多套复合盐层的地应力确定方法

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天然气工业 2009年第1期29卷 67-69页

作者：侯冰陈勉金衍杨恒林梁红军中国石油大学石油工程教育部重点实验室中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院中国石油塔里木油田分公司

在库车坳陷古近系多套复合盐层的钻井工程设计当中,通常以上覆岩层压力作为最大水平地应力。现场资料调查表明,以此为依据所设计的套管,常常不能满足该地层套管的抗外挤强度要求。为了解决套管抗外挤强度问题,通过实验测试得到该研究区... 详细信息

在库车坳陷古近系多套复合盐层的钻井工程设计当中,通常以上覆岩层压力作为最大水平地应力。现场资料调查表明,以此为依据所设计的套管,常常不能满足该地层套管的抗外挤强度要求。为了解决套管抗外挤强度问题,通过实验测试得到该研究区块多套复合盐层上、下泥岩地层的地应力值及中间每一层复合盐层的岩石力学参数,并以此作为边界条件,建立了多套复合盐层及上、下泥岩层地应力计算的有限元分析模型,运用数值模拟方法,反演得到每一层复合盐层的地应力场。采用该方法对库车坳陷某地区多套复合盐层的地应力场进行分析,结果表明,中间盐层的水平地应力最高,其上、下的膏盐岩含泥岩层、泥岩含膏盐岩层、泥岩层的水平地应力依次降低。所建立的分析模型,为该地区井壁稳定及套管安全设计工作奠定了基础。

关键词：盐膏层膏构造固井套管柱设计地应力数值模拟

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Geochemical characteristics and accumulation of marine oil and gas around Halahatang depression,tarim Basin,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 195-206页

作者： LU YuHong,XIAO ZhongYao,GU QiaoYuan&ZHANG QiuCha Research Institute of Exploration and Development,tarim oilfield company,Petro{3.,korla 841000,{3. Research Institute of Exploration and Development Tarim Oilfield Company PetroChina Korla China

There exists a petroleum system rich of oil and gas around Halahatang depression,where the oil and gas possess obvious local distinctions of properties in different *** research proved that the discovered crude oil and natural gas in the region derived mainly from O2+3.source rock,and the differences of its properties were controlled by the oil and gas filling *** comprehensive study result shows the oil and gas reservoirs of the region mainly underwent three important accumulation phases:late Caledonian-Early Hercynian epoch,late Hercynian epoch,and Yanshan-Himalayan epoch. In the first phase,the oil and gas derived mostly from Cambrian source rock,which formed the primary ancient oil reservoirs,then suffered strong degradation and remained a great quantity of pyrobitumen in the high position of Tabei uplift in the *** the second phase,the O2+3.source rock of Manjia'er depression started its generation of hydrocarbon,which accumulated in the high position of Tabei uplift afterwards,and then biodegradated to heavy oil in the late Hercynian *** the last phase,the O2+3.source rock of southern Halahatang depression and margin of Manjia'er depression started its peak of generating liquid hydrocarbon,which mostly accumulated in the trap formed before the Indo-china and Yanshan epoch,and in somewhere the heavy oil suffered dilutions in various degrees or serious gas invading,to lead to obvious crude oil divergence.

关键词： marine facies Mid-Upper Ordovician source rock oil and gas source accumulation stage Halahatang depression tarim Basin

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Timing and history of marine hydrocarbon accumulation in tarim craton

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第S1期47卷 120-127页

作者： ZHAO Jingzhou~(1,2) & LI Qiming~3.1. Department of Petroleum Geology, Xi’an Petroleum Institute, Xi’an 710065, china 2. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Petrochina, Beijing 100083. china {3., Kuerle, Xinjiang 841000, china Department of Petroleum Geology Xi’an Petroleum Institute Xi’an China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing China tarim oilfield company Kuerle Xinjiang China

Based on the analyses of hydrocarbon inclu-sions, K-Ar dating of authigenic illites and oil/gas-watercontact retrospection as well as other methods, the marineprimary reservoirs in the cratonic region of the tarim Basinare found to have been formed in the late Caledonian toearly Hercynian, late Hercynian, and Himalayan, and oil andgas adjusted and redistributed in the Yanshanian (Jurassic toCretaceous) and Himalayan (Tertiary). The analyses alsoshow that the remaining primary oil accumulations aremostly formed in the late Hercynian, and the secondary oilreservoirs resulted from the adjustment and redistribution ofthe earlier accumulations during the Yanshanian and Hima-layan (especially late Himalayan), of which the Himalayan isalso the major stage of gas accumulation. The primary oilreservoirs formed in the late Hercynian mostly occur withinthe Paleozoic formation, whereas the secondary reservoirsformed in the Himalayan in the Mesozoic. The late adjust-ment and redistribution of reservoirs in the craton region ofthe tarim Basin is ubiquitous because of the intensified tec-tonic movements since the Mesozoic, especially Cenozoic andintrusion of the high- to over-mature gas. Furthermore, thelower amplitude of reservoirs in the craton region also makesthem easier to be adjusted and redistributed. Therefore, theremaining paleo-uplift and palaeo-slope developed in rela-tively stable tectonic regions are the main potential areas forthe middle-large marine reservoirs in the tarim Basin.

关键词： tarim Basin craton geochronology of hydrocarbon accumulation history of hydrocarbon accumulation marine reservoir primary reservoir secondary reservoir.

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Accumulation characteristics and the main controlling factors of Lunnan multilayer oil province,tarim Basin,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 65-76页

作者： YANG HaiJun1 ,2&HAN JianFa 1,2 1Resources School of china University of Geosciences,Wuhan 43.074,china 2Research Institutes of tarim {3. company,Petrochina,korla 841000,china Resources School of china University of Geosciences Wuhan China Research Institutes of tarim oilfield company PetroChina Korla China

Lunnan region is a large-scale paleohigh with many coexisting oil and gas bearing *** present, about 2 billions tons of proved,probable and possible oil and gas reverses have been proved *** oil and gas bearing series have been found in the Ordovician,Carboniferous,Triassic and Jurassic of Lunnan region,they all bear the characteristics of large-scale multilayer oil-gas *** is the main reservoir series where over 0.8 billion tons of oil geologic reserves were discovered,and a super large-scale marine carbonate oil and gas field has *** space of the carbonate reservoirs is mainly composed of dissolved hole,dissolved pore and fracture in Lunnan paleo-burial ***, dissolved holes are widely distributed among *** developments are mainly controlled by karstification and tectonic *** to the similar geochemical characters,the Ordovician,Carboniferous,Triassic and Jurassic oil and gas reservoirs present the same oil source rock of Mid-Upper Ordovician,the latter except Ordovician are mostly of secondary oil and gas reservoirs migrated vertically by faults during the process of multiple phase tectonic movement,adjustment and reconstruction. Lunnan composite oil and gas accumulation region is situated in the vicinity of large-scale hydrocarbon generation depressions in three directions,ample oil and gas from hydrocarbon generation depressions supplied the adjacent oil and gas reservoirs ***,the succeed paleohigh is the long-term hydrocarbon accumulation region,which is favor for the formations of high quality reservoirs,fault systems and huge-scale composite oil and gas accumulation.

关键词： multilayer oil and gas reservoirs paleohigh Ordovician Lunnan region tarim Basin

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Abnormal high pressure in Kuqa foreland thrust belt of tarim basin: Origin and impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第12期16卷 1307-1314页

作者： ZENG Lianbo~1** and LIU Benming~ 1,2 (1. Key Laboratory of Hydrocarbon Accumulation in china Petroleum University, Ministry of Education, Beijing 102249, china 2. The Institute of Oil and Gas Exploration and Development, tarim {3. company, Petrochina company Limited, korla 841000, china) Key Laboratory of Hydrocarbon Accumulation in china Petroleum University Ministry of Education Beijing 102249 China The Institute of Oil and Gas Exploration and Development Tarim Oilfield Company PetroChina Company Limited Korla 841000 China

Following analyses of the abnormal high pressure distribution characteristics, based on the geological characteristics, tectonic stress field and physical simulation, we investigated the formation mechanisms of abnormal high pressure and its impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt. The abnormal high pressure appears at the bottom of the Paleogene and obviously exists in the Triassic and Jurassic. However, the pressure coefficient in the Triassic and Jurassic is lower than that in the Cretaceous and at the bottom of the Paleogene. Horizontally, the abnormal high pressure distribution is characterized by E-W orientation zoning. The maximum pressure coefficient lies in the Kelasu-Dongqiu-Dina tectonic zones in the center of the Kuqa foreland thrust belt and decreases away from the tectonic zones. The formation of abnormal high pressure was mainly related with the intense tectonic compression in the Early Pleistocene time, and tectonic uplifting, undercompaction and hydrocarbon generation were secondary factors contributing to abnormal high pressure. Under the rapid and intense tectonic compression in the Early Pleistocene, the rock framework firstly undertook 1/4 of the compression stress and the other was borne by the pore fluids. Due to the presence of great seal of gypsum-salt or gypsum-mudstone beds in the Paleogene, the pressure of pore fluids increased rapidly and led to the abnormal high pressure in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt. The abnormal high pressure has important impacts on hydrocarbon accumulation. It is one of the necessary conditions for formation of large oil and gas fields in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt.

关键词： abnormal high pressure formation mechanism oil and gas reservoir Kuqa foreland thrust belt tarim basin.

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Isotopic compositions of small shelly fossil Anabarites from Lower Cambrian in Yangtze Platform of South china: Implications for palaeocean temperature

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第10期17卷 1185-1191页

作者： Chen Yongquan1,2, Jiang Shaoyong1, Ling Hongfei1, Yang Jinghong1 and Wan Defan3.1. State Key Laboatory for Mineral Deposits Research and Center for Marine Geochemistry Research, Department of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093. china 2. tarim oilfield {3. Exploration & Development Research Institute, Ku’erle 841000, china 3. Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 10003., china) State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Exploration and Development Research Institute Tarim Oilfield Company Ku'erle 841000 China Institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China

Anabarites belong to small shelly fossils (SSF), which occur widely in the Lower Cambrian strata of Yangtze Platform in South china. They are phosphate shell in composition and represent the earliest stage of the Cambrian bioradiation of Bilateria, the so-called "Cambrian Explosion". In this study, we attempted to separate Anabarites fossils from Lower Cambrian dolostones, and we obtained samples of both the fossils (SSF) and the granular phosphates (GP). Isotopic analyses were performed on samples of SSF, GP, and matrix dolostone (DH-23.. The results showed that the δ3.Si values of the quartz filling in fossils celoms, and the siliceous materials in granular phosphates are -0.6‰ and -0.7‰, which is different from normal sedimentary siliceous rocks from the Lower Cambrian strata (0—0.7‰) as reported by Li et al., but is consistent with the data for siliceous rocks and cherts of submarine hydrothermal origin. It is likely that a later hydrothermal replacement could have taken place in the SSF-bearing sedimentary rocks. The oxygen isotope values of the phosphate of SSF and GP are 16.8‰ and 17.0‰, respectively. These are significantly higher than the Neoproterozoic phosphate ores (10.9‰—13.9‰) as reported by Ling et al., hence, late diagenesis and hydrothermal replacement may not have caused a significant change in the oxygen isotope compositions of the small shelly fossils, and the calculated temperatures (25.4—26.3.) for palaeo-seawater using a SSF phosphate oxygen isotope thermometer are therefore considered here as the upper limit of seawater temperature in the Early Cambrian ocean of the Yangtze Platform.

关键词： Anabarites oxygen isotope silicon isotope paleo-temperature.

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Characteristics,genesis and accumulation history of natural gas in Hetianhe gasfield,tarim Basin,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 84-95页

作者： WANG ZhaoMing 1 ,WANG QingHua 1 ,ZHAO MengJun 2 ,LI Yong 1 &XU ZhiMing 3.1 tarim oilfield company,Petro{3.,Kuerle 841000,{3. 2 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Petro{3.,Beijing 100083.{3. 3.Southwest Petroleum Institute,Nanchong 63.001,{3. tarim oilfield company PetroChina Kuerle China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development PetroChina Beijing China Southwest Petroleum Institute Nanchong China

Hetianhe gasfield in Bachu region of the tarim Basin is mainly composed of three reservoir-caprock assembly,namely regional caprock of upper mudstone,middle mudstone and lower mudstone of the Carboniferous and reservoir of Bachu bioclastic limestone,glutenite and the Ordovician carbonate buried *** gas in Hetianhe gasfield sourced from the Cambrian source *** is thought that gases in Ma4 well block in the east of Hetianhe gasfield are mainly crude-oil cracked gases,while those in Ma3.and Ma8 well blocks in the west are the mixture gases of kerogen cracked gases and crude-oil cracked *** gas is rich in H2S and accumulated in multiply stages as the result of *** accumulation history is divided into three stages,namely accumulation and breakage in the late Caledonian-early Hercynian,migration and dissipation in the late Hercynian and accumulation in Himalayan. The main accumulation of reformed gas reservoir is in Himalayan.

关键词： gas characteristics gas genesis accumulation history Hetianhe gasfield tarim Basin

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Kinetics of hydrocarbon generation for Well Yingnan 2 gas reservoir,tarim Basin,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 107-114页

作者： XIAO ZhongYao 1,2 ,XIAO XianMing 3.,MA DeMing 4 ,LU YuHong 2 &YANG ChaoShi 2 1 china University of Mining&Technology,Beijing 100083.china 2 Research Institutes of Exploration and Development,tarim {3. company,Petrochina,korla 841000,china 3.Guangzhou Institutes of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,china 4 Department of Synthetic Physical-Chemical Prospecting,BGP,Zhuozhou 072656,china china University of Mining & Technology Beijing China Research Institutes of Exploration and Development Tarim Oilfield Company PetroChina Korla China Guangzhou Institutes of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China Department of Synthetic Physical-Chemical Prospecting BGP Zhuozhou China

Well Yingnan 2,an important exploratory well in the east of tarim Basin,yields high commercial oil and gas flow in *** gas components and carbon isotopic composition indicate that it belongs to sapropel type *** this region presents many suits of hydrocarbon source rocks,there are some controversies that natural gases were generated from kerogen gas or crude oil cracking gas at *** using the kinetics of hydrocarbon generation and carbon isotope,natural gas of Well Yingnan 2 is composed mainly of crude oil cracking gas,about 72%,it is generated from secondary kerogen gas of Cambrian-Lower Ordovician source rock and crude oil cracking gas of Mid-Upper Ordovician oil *** main oil and gas filling time is 65 Ma later in the Jurassic gas reservoir of Well Yingnan 2,so the gas reservoir belongs to late accumulation and continuous filling type.

关键词： kinetic migration and accumulation process crude oil cracking gas Well Yingnan 2 tarim Basin

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