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The role of aerial algae in the formation of the landscape of the Yunnan Stone Forest,Yunnan Province, China

Science China Earth sciences 2004年第9期47卷 846-864页

作者： TIAN Youping1,3. ZHANG Jie2, SONG Linhua1 & BAO Haosheng2 1. institute of Geographic sciences and Natural resources Research, Chinese {3. of sciences, Beijing 100101, China 2. Department of Geography, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093. China 3. School of Earth sciences and resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083. China institute of Geographic sciences and Natural resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Department of Geography Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China School of Earth sciences and resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

Aerial algae on the surface of carbonate rocks at the Stone Forest, Shilin County, Yunnan Province, China, and their bioerosion were investigated in the field and studied in the laboratory in detail. Through the observation, identification and statistics of more than one hun- dred algal samples and rock samples with the optical microscopes (stereomicroscope, biological microscope) and the scanning electronic microscope (SEM), the relationships between erosional forms on the surface of the Stone Forest and algae and/or algal communities and the genetic mechanism for the formation of erosional forms were analyzed. It is suggested that aerial algae play an active role in bioerosive processes that may affect the formation of karst erosional forms. These effects include both direct and indirect ones. The direct effect is the initiative control (algal shape-controlling role) of algae on the formation of karst forms of various scales, mostly mi- cro-scale (3.) and minor-scale (10-3.10-1m) erosional forms. The algal shape-controlling roles can be divided into the algal individual shape-controlling role and the algal community shape-controlling role. The former mostly controls the formation of micro-scale erosional forms, while the latter mostly controls the formation of micro-scale and smaller minor-scale erosional forms. The indirect effect refers to the promoting role of algae in the formation of karst forms, which may affect the formation of karst forms of all types and scales. The bioerosion of algae accelerates the weathering process of the whole Stone Forest karst landforms.

关键词： aerial algae, bioerosion, the Stone Forest, Yunnan Province, China.

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SHALE-FACIES MICROFLORA FROM THE CHANGZHOUGOU FORMATION (CHANGCHENG SYSTEM) IN PANGJIABU REGION, HEBEI, CHINA

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微体古生物学报 1991年第2期 191-193页

作者： Yah Yu-zhong (Tianjin institute of geology and Mineral resources, Chinese {3., of Geological, sciences, Tianjin 3.0170)

Abundant and diverse microflora were discovered in the black shales of the Changzhougou Formation of the Changcheng System in the Pangjiabu Region of Hebei, located in the western part of the Yanshan Mountains. The microflora assemblage consists of 3.groups, 20 genera, and 75 species, including 2 new genera, 7 new species and 3.affinities. Systematic comparison of the obtained microfossils with the shale-facies

关键词： body SHALE-FACIES MICROFLORA FROM THE CHANGZHOUGOU FORMATION IN PANGJIABU REGION HEBEI CHINA length CHANGCHENG SYSTEM

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Research progress in studies on the coalbed gas geochemistry

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第3期16卷 215-220页

作者： TAO Mingxin (College of resources sciences & Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China Key Laboratory of Gas Geochemistry, institute of {3. and Geophysics, Chinese academy of sciences, Lanzhou 73.000, China) [a]College of resources sciences & Technology Beijing Normal University Beijing China [b]Key Laboratory of Gas Geochemistry Institute of Geology and Geophysics Lanzhou China

The current situation of geochemical studies on coalbed gas is reviewed in this paper. Generally, coalbed gas is composi-tionally dominated by methane with δ13.1 values ranging approximately from - 80‰ to - 10‰. However, few isotopic studies have been carried out on other components of coalbed gas except for hydrogen and carbon dioxide, whose δDCH4 values available for utilization vary from - 3.3. to - 117‰, and δ13.CO2 values from - 29. 4‰ to + 18. 6‰. Two major types of coalbed gas, thermogenic gas and secondary biogenic gas, have been identified, and there are also some other classification criteria. Compared with conventional natural gases, coalbed gas has a wide distribution range of δ13.1 and δ13.CO2 values, especially possessing some extremely heavy values. Current problems that remain unsolved in the coalbed gas geochemistry include the variation mechanism, controlling factors and application of carbon and hydrogen isotopes of methane, the relation between the values of δ13.1 and Ro, the systematic classification scheme and criterion of genetic types, and the application of the coalbed gas geochemistry in evaluating target districts of the coalbed gas exploration.

关键词： coalbed gas geochemistry isotopic composition genetic type novel resource.

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Organic geochemical studies of sinking particulate material in China sea area Ⅱ——Geochemical significance of compositional features of ketone, aldehyde and alcohol compounds

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第22期42卷 1894-1898页

作者： DUAN Yi,CUl Mingzhong, MA Lanhua, SONG Jinming, ZHOU Shixin and LUO Binjie1. Lanzhou institute of geology, Chinese academy of {3., Lanzhou 73.000, China 2. Earthquake Research institute of Lanzhou, SSB, Lanzhou 73.000, China 3. institute of Oceanology, Chinese academy of {3., Qingdao 266071, China Lanzhou institute of geology Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China Earthquake Research institute of Lanzhou SSB Lanzhou China institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China

SINKING particulate organic matter of the sea plays an important role in marine environment. Itnot only provides food for marine organisms and takes part in chemical cycling, but also pro-vides sedimentary organic matter for marine sediments. Therefore, researchers always payclose attention to the source and processes of transport and transformation of marine sinkingparticulate organic matter. Its transport process can be understood by measuring the

关键词： marine sinking paniculate material composition of lipid compounds organic matter source and biochemical pro-cesses.

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Pentacyclic triterpenoid ketones in peat from Gannan Marsh,China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第17期46卷 1433-1436页

作者： DUAN YiLanzhou institute of geology, Chinese academy of {3., Lanzhou 73.000, China Lanzhou institute of geology Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China

Abundant terrigenous triterpenoid ketones and a series of hopanoid ketones were detected in a peat sample from the recent Gannan Marsh. The identifications of pen-tacyclic triterpenoid ketones are discussed in detail. Based on the compositional features of pentacyclic triterpenoid ketones in the sample, it is proposed that terrigenous triterpenoid kentones originate directly from organisms or are diagenetic oxidation products of their alcohols, and hopanoid ketones are formed from hopanoids (e.g. hopanoid alcohols and hopenes) by chemical and biochemical processes. These data provide evidence for the applied studies of pentacyclic triterpenoid ketones as biomarker compounds.

关键词： Gannan Marsh peat pentacyclic triterpenoid ketones identification biochemistry.

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The discovery of aeschnidiid nymphs (Aeschnidiidae, Odonata, Insecta)

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第11期45卷 1031-1038页

作者： ZHANG JunfengNanjing institute of geology and Palaeontology, Chinese academy of {3., Nanjing 210008, China Nanjing institute of geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China

Aeschnidiid nymphs are here first identified and described, and its phylogenetic relationship and bioecological characteristics are deduced. The nymphs known from China, Mongolia, russia and Brazil and arranged in the family Aeschnidiidae are, in fact, unrelated to this group. All the known five Chinese species in four genera which were erected based on fossil nymphs and placed in the family Gomphidae may be transferred in Aeschnidiidae and merged into one alone, the Sinaeschnidia cancellosa. It is a geographically widespread species from the 'Jehol biota' of East Asia and appeared in the latest Late Jurassic age.

关键词： Jehol biota Aeschnidiidae dragonfly nymphs.

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Petrogenesis and dating of the Kangding complex,Sichuan Province

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Science China Earth sciences 2005年第5期48卷 622-634页

作者： CHEN Yuelong 1 , LUO Zhaohua 1 , ZHAO Junxiang, LI Zhihong, ZHANG Hongfei & SONG Biao 3.1. Faculty of Earth sciences and Natural resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083. China 2. Faculty of Earth sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 43.074, China 3. Beijing SHRIMP Center, institute of geology, Chinese academy of Geological sciences, Beijing 10003., China 1. Faculty of Earth sciences and Natural resources China University of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China 2. Faculty of Earth sciences China University of Geosciences 430074 Wuhan China 3. Beijing SHRIMP Center Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 100037 Beijing China

An analysis of major and trace element geochemistry and SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating of mafic, intermediate, and felsic rocks from the Mianning metamorphic complex of Si- chuan Province was conducted. One of our conclusions is that a majority of the zircons crystal- lized between 721 and 773.Ma in a magmatic regime. The complexes contain early to late Pa- leo-proterozoic relict zircons from ancient continental crust. The oldest age, 2468 Ma, may rep- resent the basement of the Yangtze block. Overgrowth zircon rims and palingenetic zircons have been observed and dated, and are believed to have formed after crystallization, during Paleozoic and Mesozoic metamorphic-anatexis. We also conclude that depletion of Nb, Ta, HREE, in a spider-diagram normalized to primitive mantle and calc-alkaline association, implies that they formed in island-arc or under-plating settings.

关键词： Kangding complex, zircons, SHRIMP, tectonic setting.

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Effective solutions to a global 3. visual system in networking environments

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Science China Earth sciences 2005年第11期48卷 2032-2039页

作者： ZHANG Liqiang1,2, ZHANG Yan3. YANG Chongjun2, LIU Suhong1, REN Yingchao2, RUI Xiaoping2 & LIU Donglin2 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing sciences, School of Geography and Remote Sensing, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing sciences, institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Chinese {3. of sciences, Beijing 101001, China 3. institute of Geographical sciences and Natural resources Research, Chinese {3. of sciences, Beijing 101001, China 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing sciences School of Geography and Remote Sensing Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China 2. Chinese academy of sciences State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing SciencesInstitute of Remote Sensing Applications 101001 Beijing China 3. institute of Geographical sciences and Natural resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 101001 Beijing China

The development of Web-based global 3. visual system has made progresses. However, there exist few mature and effective ways for managing, transmitting and visualizing massive spatial data. Based on the related work, the paper illustrates the ellipsoidal quadtree technique for rapid access multi-scale and multiple level geographical data, integrates the streaming with level-of-detail rendering method for transmitting the data on the network, and im-plements large-scale terrain surface simplification using M-band wavelet transforms and mul-tiresolution triangulations. We fulfil a web-based global terrain visual system using COM com-ponents on the basis of the above techniques. The system has a good prospect in the military simulation and city plans.

关键词： massive spatial data, streaming transmission, system architecture, M-band wavelet

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Discovery of immune related factors in Fenneropenaeus chinensis by annotation of ESTs

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2004年第1期14卷 48-55页

作者： SHEN Yaoqing 1,2 , XIANG Jianhai 1*, WANG Bing 1,2 , LI Fuhua 1 and TONG Wei 3.1. Experimental Marine Biology Laboratory, institute of Oceanology, Chinese academy of sciences, Qingdao 266071,China 2. Graduate School of the Chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 10003., China 3. Genomics & Bioinformatics institute, Chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 1013.0, China) Chinese Acad Sci Inst Oceanol Expt Marine Biol Lab Qingdao 266071 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Grad Sch Beijing 100039 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Geonom & Bioinformat Inst Beijing 101300 Peoples R China

A total of 10446 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) are obtained by a large scale sequencing of a cDNA library from cephalothorax of adult Fenneropenaeus chinensis . An EST analysis platform was built up based on local computers and bioinformatic techniques were used to annotate these ESTs in order to promptly find possible functional genes, especially for immune related factors. About 4% of the ESTs show similarity to the coding sequences of such factors, including lectin, serine protease, serpin, lysozyme, etc. These ESTs provide a partial profile of the immune system in F. chinensis and useful information for further study on these genes.

关键词： Fenneropenaeus chinensis bioinformatics ESTs immune factors

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Environmental characteristics of Mid-Holocene recorded by lacustrine sediments from Lake Daihai, north environment sensitive zone, China

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Science China Earth sciences 2006年第9期49卷 968-981页

作者： SUN Qianli1,2, ZHOU Jie1, SHEN Ji3. CHEN Peng1,2, WU Feng1,2 & XIE Xiuping1,2 1. State Key Lab of Loess and Quaternary geology, institute of Earth Environment, Chinese academy of {3., Xi’an 710075, China 2. Graduate University of Chinese academy of {3., Beijing 10003., China 3. Nanjing institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese academy of {3., Nanjing 210008, China 1. State Key Lab of Loess and Quaternary geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an 710075 China 2. Graduate University of Chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100039 China 3. Nanjing institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

Climate proxies, such as total organic carbon and nitrogen (TOC, TN), carbonate content (CaCO3., grain-size and pollen of the sediment core retrieved from enclosed Lake Daihai which lies in the north China environment sensitive zone are analyzed to reconstruct the environment evolution of the area based on high-resolution radiocarbon chronology. The results reveal that the TOC and TN contents of the sediments correlate well with pollen percentage and pollen flux variations during the Holocene, and both reach their peak values simultaneously at 6.7―3.5 ka BP (calendar age, 7.6―3.6 ka BP). Since 6.7 ka BP, both the CaCO3.and organic matter contents of the core have simultaneous variations, and their high values also occur during 6.7―3.5 ka BP. While during 9.0―6.7 ka BP (calendar age, 10―7.6 ka BP) relatively lower level of organic matter content and pollen flux corre- spond to the higher level of carbonate content. The above relations suggest that during 6.7―3.5 ka BP, the productivity and effective precipitation were greatly improved in the lake drainage area, and this would probably strengthen the hydrodynamic conditions, enhancing organic matter, pollen and carbonate inputs from terrestrial sources. Such processes would account for the enrichment of both organic matter and carbonate in the sediments. While during 9.0―6.7 ka BP, the lower level of or- ganic matter, pollen flux but high carbonate content show depressed productivity and declined vege- tation coverage. The higher carbonate content at this stage would have probably resulted from the higher evaporation ratio of the lake water under relatively drier climate conditions. Therefore, it is in- ferred that during 6.7―3.5 ka BP, the climate was more humid with abundant rainfalls and vegetation was more flourishing in the Lake Daihai area. This can be seen as Holocene Climate Optimum (HCO). As a result, this has evident discrepancies with the traditional notion that the HCO occurs at Early Holocene or early Mid

关键词： Lake Daihai, Mid-Holocene, lacustrine sediments, environmental characteristics.

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