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Geophysical survey on the tectonic and sediment distribution of Qinghai Lake basin

Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第8期49卷 851-861页

作者： AN Zhisheng1, WANG Ping2, SHEN Ji3. ZHANG Yixiang2, ZHANG Peizhen4, WANG Sumin3. LI Xiaoqiang1, SUN Qianli1, SONG Yougui1, AI Li1, ZHANG Yechun2, JIANG Shaoren2, LIU Xingqi3.& WANG Yong3.. institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences (cas), Xi’an 710075, china 2. South china Sea institute of Oceanology, cas, Guangzhou 5103.1, china 3. nanjing institute of geography and limnology, cas, nanjing 210008, china 4. institute of Geology, china Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, china institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Xi’an China South china Sea institute of Oceanology CAS Guangzhou China nanjing institute of geography and {3. CAS Nanjing China institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing China

The intensive geophysical survey of Qinghai Lake reveals the buried depth of lake sediments and their distribution features. The result indicates that there are three important inter- phases of Qinghai Lake sediments: T1 is the rife interphase of the lake, above which sediments are spread all over the lake basin with roughly the same thickness; T5 is the interphase from which the neotectonic sedimentary cycle begins, and its above sedimentary environment is relatively stable; Tg is the base of the lake basin. Five west-northwest (WNW) fault belts defined the tectonic structure of Qinghai Lake basin: the central hunch around Haixin Shan with two subbasins both in its north and south. The thickness of the lake sediments varies at different places, the thickest sediments are found within the two subbasins. According to the depth that the Sparker System can reach, sediment in the northern subbasin is deeper than 560 m, while sediment in the southern subbasin is deeper than 700 m. The correlation between the seismic sequence stratigraph and the lithology of onshore core shows that Qinghai Lake sediments consist of muddy silt, clay silt, silty clay, gravel silty clay, etc.

关键词： sediment, geophysical survey, Qinghai Lake.

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AN APPROACH ON SEVERAL PROBLEMS OF china'S URBANIZATION DEVELOPMENT

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 1996年第2期6卷 35-41页

作者： Chen Wen(nanjing institute of geography & {3., cas, nanjing 210008People’s Republic of china) nanjing Inst of Geogr + limnology CAS Nanjing 210008 China

china, having urique national conditions, is facing a basic contradiction between large numbers of less educated surplus rural labor forces and limited capacities of urban employment and infrastructure on the urbanization ***, the urbanization model should prevail in comprehensive and several ways: (1)On occupational and spatial shift rural surplus labors, two fashions of 'leaving land bot not countryside' and 'leaving both land and countryside' should be integrated with joint effort of cities and countryside. (2) On urbanization motive, urban construction will be invested by not only the govermment (from the upper), but the locality, personnel and foreigners (from the lower). (3. On urban scales, metropolis,large, medium-sized and small cities and towns should play fully their roles to absorb rural surplus lanors. Thereby, the present urban development policy needs to be rectified, which this paper has discussed particularly. (4) On account of great regional disparities in china, urban development should perform different models in different regions. In addition, this paper has also focused on the problem and its primary countermeasures of 'labor force mass', a hot issue closely related to urbanization and rural labor transfer.

关键词： national conditions urban development model urban development policy,rural labor mass

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Assessment of coastal vulnerability to environmental change in Jiangsu coastal plain

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2001年第1期11卷 24-33页

作者： YANG Gui-shan, SHI Ya-feng, ZHANG Chen, LIANG Hai-tang (nanjing institute of geography and {3., cas, nanjing 210008, china) nanjing institute of geography and {3. CAS Nanjing China

Assessment of coastal vulnerability to future environmental change has been emphasized in coastal nations or regions. The Jiangsu coastal plain, located to the north of the Yangtze River Delta in china, is most vulnerable to sea level rise and exacerbating coastal hazards. This paper develops the method of delimiting vulnerable scope and assessing coastal vulnerability through field observations and sampling and by applying remote sensing and GIS, which are suitable for great river delta and coastal plains with large area, relative complex micro-geomorphology and the protection of seawall. Applying this method, the coastal vulnerability of the Jiangsu coastal plain to relative sea level rise (approximately 50 cm up to the year 2050) and exacerbating storm surges have been assessed. The results show that, up to the year 2050, the Jiangsu coastal plain will probably lose 12.8 % of tidal flats (about 5.8x104 hm2) and 7.9 % of cultivated land (about 7.2x104 hm2). Meanwhile, 2.0 % of population, 3.8 % of original value of fixed assets, 3.2% of GDP (Gross Domestic Product), 40.3.% of salt industry and 5.8 % of aquiculture respectively will be affected due to coastal environmental change.

关键词： coastal vulnerability assessment vulnerable scope coastal environmental change Jiangsu coastal plain

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New progress of lake sediments and environmental changes research in china

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第19期44卷 1744-1754页

作者： WANG Sumin and ZHANG ZhenkeLaboratory of Lake Sediment and Environment, nanjing institute of geography and {3., Chinese Academy of Sciences , nanjing 210008, china Department of geography and Oceanology, nanjing University , nanjing 210093., china Laboratory of Lake Sediment and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China Department of geography and Oceanology Nanjing University Nanjing China

Environmental change recorded by lake sediments is one of the important branches of the past global changes study. The new progress of lake sediments and environmental changes in china since the late 1980s has been comprehensively discussed. The highlights emphasized are Asian paleomonsoon migration reflected by lake level fluctuation, uplift of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau recorded by lacustrine sediments, saltlake sediments and

关键词： lake sediments environmental change.

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A STUDY ON EQUILIBRIUM COASTAL PROFILES OF THE CLOSE TIDAL FLAT—A case Study of Fengxian Tidal Flat

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Chinese Geographical Science 2002年第1期12卷 55-60页

作者： LI Heng peng, YANG Gui shan(nanjing institute of geography and {3., the Chinese Academy of Sciences, nanjing 210008, P.R. china) nanjing institute of geography and {3. the Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008

The article analyses the temporal spatial changes of profiles by EOF (Empirical Orthogonal Function) analysis and DTM analysis of GIS. These profiles, which are not affected by engineering, are chosen from the coast with successive field monitoring data from 1990 to 1999. Temporal and spatial EOF indicates the obvious stability of coast profile parameters in Fengxian tidal flat. In spatial scale, high tidal flats and deep water terraces are in a balance state while upper clino with steep slopes are sensitive and the stability is easy to be destroyed. In temporal scale, the erosion and deposition in this area are kept in balance in a whole. There are almost no change below 8- 9.5m. At the same time, it is the lower limit of tidal affection and the erosion and deposition process from it to high tidal flat keep in balance for many years. So the closure depth is appointed to from 8m to 9.5 m (Wusong datum mark).

关键词： silted tidal flat EOF analysis equilibrium profile spatial analysis

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THREEDIMENSIONAL NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF WINDINDUCED CIRCULATION IN LAKE TAIHU

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2004年第3期16卷 341-349页

作者： LUOLian-cong QINBo-qiang nanjinginstituteofgeographyand{3. ChineseAcademyofSciencesNanjing210008China

A three-dimensional (3.D) numerical circulation model for shallow-lake ispresented and described in detail in this paper, which employs model-splitting technique in order tocalculate water level, mean-depth velocities and horizontal and vertical velocities at differentdepth simultaneously. The results show the current circulation pattern features four eddies with twoclockwise and two anticlockwise induced by prevailing wind. Opposite wind field will lead toopposite current pattern with phase shifted by 180° The surface convergence zone is located in theupwind area and the surface divergence part in the downwind region, This results in drastic verticalmovement in the two zones and the return currents at the bottom with phase shifted by 180° fromthe surface current vectors. Thus the water level decreases significantly at the leeward side andincreases quickly at the windward part. Verification and calibration for the model were made basedon the water-level and current data observed during the 9711 Storm in Lake Taihu. The predictedresults are in satisfactory agreement with the observed data, which raises the possibility that thismodel can be used to decide the bottom current stress for sediment resuspension and also tosimulate sediment transportation. It can provide a fundamental tool to study the nutrient releasefrom bottom sediment in Lake Taihu.

关键词： numerical simulation three dimensional hydrodynamics lake taihu

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Alkaline phosphatase activity and the phosphorus mineralization rate of Lake Taihu

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第Z1期49卷 176-185页

作者： GAO Guang, ZHU Guangwei, QIN Boqiang, CHEN Jun & WANG Ke nanjing institute of geography & {3., Chinese Academy of Sciences, nanjing 210008, china Hohai University, nanjing 210098, china nanjing institute of geography & {3. Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China Hohai University Nanjing China

The phosphorus fractions, the alkaline phosphatase activity (APA) and other water chemical parameters were concomitantly monitored from April 2003.to October 2004 in different ecotype sites of Lake Taihu. During the stages of algae growth, the phosphorus fractions and their relationships with APA in different ecotype sites were discussed and the phosphorus mineralization rate was calculated. In the water of Lake Taihu, most of the phosphorus (70.2%) could be attributed to the suspended particulate phosphorus, while the dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) seems to contribute less than 7%. About 58% of the total phosphorus, however, can be hydrolyzed as inorganic phosphate to compensate for phosphorus deficiency of algae and bacteria growth. During the different algae growth stages, the APA and its Kinetic parameters were varied significantly between different ecotype sites of Lake Taihu. This trend is also visible by comparing the phosphorus mineralization rate,and the most rapidly phosphorus turnover time is only several minutes. The fast recycle of phosphorus can, to some extent, be explained that the phosphorus source of algal blooms. The phytoplankton seems to compensate for phosphorus deficiency by using the alkaline phosphatase to hydrolyze phosphomonoesters.

关键词： Lake Taihu, alkaline phosphatase, kinetic parameters, phosphorus, mineralization rate.

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Geochemical simulation of the formation of brine and salt minerals based on Pitzer model in Caka Salt Lake

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第8期47卷 720-726页

作者： LIU Xingqi1, CAI Keqin2 & YU Shengsong3.1. nanjing institute of geography and {3., Chinese Academy of Sciences, nanjing 210008, china 2. china University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083. china 3. institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, china nanjing institute of geography and {3. Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China china University of Geosciences Beijing China institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining China

The geochemical simulation of the formation of brine and salt minerals based on Pitzer model was made in Caka Salt Lake. The evolution of the mixed surface-water and the mineral sequences were calculated and compared with the hydrochemical compositions of the brine and the salt minerals of the deposit in Caka Salt Lake. The results show that the formation temperature of the lake is between 0°C and 5°C, which is well identical with other studies. The mixing of salt-karst water with the surface waters, neglected by the former researchers, is very important to the formation of the lake, indicating that the initial waters resulting in the formation of the lake are multi-source. It is the first time to use Pitzer model in china for making geochemical simulation of the formation and evolution of inland salt lake and satisfactory results have been achieved.

关键词： Pitzer model,Caka Salt Lake,geochemical simulation,salt-karst water.

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Evidence from isotopic geochemistry as an indicator of eutrophication of Meiliang Bay in Lake Taihu, china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第Z1期49卷 62-71页

作者： LIN Lin, WU Jinglu & WANG Sumin nanjing institute of geography & {3., Chinese Academy of Sciences, nanjing 210008, china Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10003., china nanjing institute of geography & {3. Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

In this paper, Lake Taihu, a large shallow freshwater lake in china, is chosen as an example of reconstruction of eutrophication through the comparison between stable isotopes from dissolved nutrients and plants and water column nutrient parameters and integration of multiple proxies in a sediment core from Meiliang Bay including TN, TP, TOC, C/N, δ15N, δ13., etc. Differences in aquatic plant species and trophic status between East Taihu Bay and Meiliang Bay are indicated by their variations in δ13. and δ15N of aquatic plants and δ15N of NH4+. A significant influence ofexternal nutrient inputs on Meiliang Bay is reflected in temporal changes in δ 15N of NH4+ and hydro-environmental parameters. The synchronous change between δ13. and δ15N values of sedimented organic matter (OM) has been attributed to elevated primary production at the beginning of eutrophication between 1950 and 1990, then recent inverse correlation between them has been caused by the uptake of 15N-enriched inorganic nitrogen by phytoplankton grown under eutrophication and subsequent OM decomposition and denitrification in surface sediments, indicating that the lake has suffered from progressive eutrophication since 1990. Based on the use of a combination of stable isotopes and elemental geochemistry, the eutrophication of Meiliang Bay in Lake Taihu could be better traced. These transitions of the lake eutrophication respectively occurring in the 1950s and 1990s have been suggested as a reflection of growing impacts of human activities, which is coincident with the instrumental data.

关键词： stable carbon isotope of OM, stable nitrogen isotope, eutrophication, Lake Taihu.

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Research on the evaluation model of the modernization level of urban construction in Jiangsu Province,china

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2010年第9期53卷 2510-2514页

作者： YANG JunYan1 & CHEN Wen2 1 School of Architecture,Southeast University,nanjing 210096,china 2 nanjing {3. of geography and limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,nanjing 210008,china School of Architecture Southeast University Nanjing China nanjing institute of geography and {3. Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China

The modernization of urban construction is a key index in the process of urbanization,and also is an important index to measure the level of socio-economic and cultural *** paper analyzes and explores the related concepts of modernization of urban construction,analyzes the situation and identity of urban construction layer by layer so as to establish an evaluation index system of the modernization level of urban construction and then the paper evaluates the modernization level of urban construction from four different angles,which are the perspectives of the urban planning control,the level of urban facilities,urban management,urban construction *** later analyzes the evaluation results by choosing Jiangsu Province as a research hierarchy from the scale chains of urban study and makes efforts to the operative and directive development direction.

关键词： modernization of urban construction index system evaluation model

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