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Enrichment mechanisms of rare earth elements in marine hydrogenic ferromanganese crusts

Science china Earth sciences 2011年第2期54卷 197-203页

作者： JIANG XueJun1,2.LIN XueHui1,2.YAO De3.4 & GUO WeiDong5 1 Key Laboratory of Marine Oil and Gas Resources and Marine Environment,Ministry of Land and Resources,Qingdao 2.6071,china 2.Qingdao {2. of Marine Geology,china {3. Survey,Qingdao 2.6071,china 3.{2. of Resources and Environment,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 2.5049,china 4 {2. of Oceanology,Chinese academy of sciences,Qingdao 2.6071,china 5 Department of Oceanography,Xiamen University,Xiamen 3.1005,china 1. Key Laboratory of Marine Oil and Gas Resources and Marine Environment Ministry of Land and Resources Qingdao 266071 China2. Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology China Geological Survey Qingdao 266071 China3. Institute of Resources and Environment Shandong University of Technology Zibo 255049 China4. Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China5. Department of Oceanography Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China

A series of selective extraction experiments were conducted on marine hydrogenic ferromanganese crusts from the seamount near the Line Island to investigate the distribution of rare earth elements （REEs） and the mechanisms of combination between REEs and the hydrogenic ferromanganese crusts. The enrichment of REEs in hydrogenic ferromanganese crusts is attributed mainly to the mineral or oxide/hydroxide of the crust rather than the growth environment. The REEs are present mainly in amorphous ferric oxide/hydroxide rather than in 6-MnO2. Amorphous ferric oxide/hydroxide preferentially combines free REE3., while 6-MnO2.combines the REE-carbonate complexes in modern seawater. The REEs in seawater are combined more strongly with amorphous ferric oxide/hydroxides than with 6-MnO2. The positive Ce anomaly in hydrogenic ferromanganese crusts results from the oxidation of soluble Ce3. to insoluble Ce4＋ by the actively soluble oxygen of the bottom current rather than by the oxidation of δ-MnO2.

关键词： rare earth elements hydrogenic ferromanganese crust selective extraction experiment geochemistry combinationmechanism

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Permian Alkaline Granites in Central Inner Mongolia and Their Geodynamic Significance

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1995年第1期69卷 27-39页

作者： Hong Dawei, Huang Huaizeng, Lithosphere Research Center, Chinese academy of geological {2., BeijingXiao Yijun, {3. of Geology, Chinese academy of geological {2., BeijingXu Haiming,{3. of Mineral Deposits, Chinese academy of geological {2., Beijingand Jin M anyuanTianjin geological academy, Ministry of Metallurgical Industry, Tianjin Fei Zhenbi Lithosphere Research Center Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing China

Alkaline granites (Rb-Sr ages 2.6-2.6 Ma)occurring in the Bayan Ul-East Ujimqin belt at the southern margin of the Siberian plate originated in a tensional tectonic environment about 60 Ma earlier than the Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous collision between the Siberian and Sino-Korean plates. They belong to post-orogenic A-type granites and may be used as an indicator of the end of the orogeny. At the northern margin of the Sino-Korean plate, however, only late-orogenic calc-alkaline granites occurred during the late Caboniferous-Permian, and alkaline syenites did not appear until the Late Triassic. The asymmetric magmatism at the margins of the two neighbouring plates might be controlled by the differences in size and mass of the two plates.

关键词： alkaline granite geodynamics Inner M ongolla

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Early-Middle Permian Reef Frameworks and Reef-building Models in the Eastern Kunlun Mountains

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2001年第2期75卷 115-125页

作者： TIAN Shugang institute of Geology, Chinese academy of {2. {3., Beijing 10003.and FAN Jiasong institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese academy of {3., Beijing 10002. institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 [?]3.ian Shugang Born in September 1951 graduated from Beijing University in 1977 and received his MS. and Ph. D. degrees at china University of Geosciences (Beijing) in 1985 and 1988 respectively working now in the institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. He has long been engaged mainly in studies of biostratigraphy palaeoecology sequence-stratigraphy and reefs. Tel: 010–68328223 E-Mail: sgtian2.01@***

Reef frameworks and building models of the Early-Middle Permian in the eastern Kunlun Mountains have been verified through studies of reef-building communities, palaeoecology and carbonate facies. The eastern Kunlun reefs are built mainly by 6 reef-building communities, which include 11 major categories of frame-building organisms and 6 categories of reef-associated organisms. Eight types of reef-frames have been distinguished and eleven kinds of rocks identified to belong to 6 reef facies. Three sorts of reefs classified by previous researchers, namely mudmounds, knoll reefs and walled reefs, are well developed in the study area. Such reef-facies association and reef distribution show that there are 4 models of reef growth and development, i.e. the tidal-bank knoll-reef model, the plateau-margin wall-reef model, the composite wall-reef model and the deep-water mudmound model. The reefs are mainly constructed by calcareous sponge and calcareous algae, which are similar to all Permian reefs in other area

关键词： reef model Early-Middle Permian eastern Kunlun reefs

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Deformation Characters of the Maowen Fault Belt in Longmenshan, Western Sichuan

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Continental Dynamics 2001年第1期6卷 35-39页

作者： TANG Zemin1, ZHANG Yueqiao2. YANG Nong2.1. institute of Geology, Chinese academy of {2. {3., 10003.. 2. institute of geomechanics, Chinese academy of {2. {3., 100081 institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 100037 institute of geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 100081

The Maowen fault belt is one of important fault belts of the intercontinental orogenic belt of Longmenshan, mainly experienced three stage deformation; they are ductile shearing of thrust napping, brittle thrust napping and sinstral strike-slipping. Although Sc strike of mylonite formed by ductile shearing in early stage was reformed by later two stage brittle deformation, and changed greatly along the strike and inclination, the shear zone, as a whole, strikes NE and inclines NW. The stretching lineation is parallel or nearly parallel to the inclination of the ductile shear zone. According to the development of conjugated joints, the main compressive stress of the two stage brittle deformation is oriented to 3.6 and 2. respectively

关键词： Maoen fault belt ductile shear brittle deformation Longmenshan western Sichuan

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Kinetics of early methane generation from Green River shale

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1998年第22期43卷 1908-1912页

作者： LIU Jinzhong\+1 and TANG Yongchun 2.1. Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry, Chinese academy of {2., Guangzhou 510640,{3. 2. Chevron Petroleum Technology Company, CA 9063., USA Laborarory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China Chevron Petroleum Technology Company USA

During oil/gas exploration in an area, there is a question as to whether methane in the strata was generated \%in situ\% mainly by thermal degradation of local organic matter. The key to the question is whether the kerogen could produce methane of more than 80 mL/g TOC, when its \%R\%\-o increased from initial (0.3.%) to current value of 0.70% during thermal evolution. The authors have made efforts to answer this question by the kinetics method. First, a series of pyrolysis experiments were carried out to obtain data of methane yield and \%R\%\-o evolution, from which kinetic parameters of methane and \%R\%\-o were derived; then these parameters were extrapolated to the geological condition and finally, a methane yield, 96 mL/g TOC, was predicted. The result suggests that from the view of hydrocarbon generation, methane in the seam should be from thermal degradation of local kerogen.

关键词： methane kinetics pyrolysis organic geochemistry.

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^(14)C measurement of forest soils in Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第3期44卷 251-256页

作者： SHEN Chengde , LIU Dongsheng (LIU Tungsheng) , PENG Shaolin, SUN Yanmin , JIANG Mantao , Yl Weixi , XING Changping , GAO Quanzhou , LI Zhi’an and ZHOU Guoyi Guangzhou institute of Geochemisry, Chinese academy of {2., Guangzhou 510640,{3. institute of Geology, Chinese academy of {2. , Beijing 10002.,{3. South{3. institute of Botany, Chinese academy of {2., Guangzhou 510650,{3. Guannzhou institute of Geochemisry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guanazhou China institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China South china institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China

Organic carbon in forest soils of Qingyunsi and Wukesong profiles can be divided into fast and slow components. Δ14C values of these profiles decrease with increasing of depth. The Δ14C values in 3.—40 cm depth interval of Wukesong profile are decreasing sharply until a very low value,showing that a strong geological environment change occurred about 1 560 years ago. The 14C apparent ages of Wukesong profile show that the coniferous and broad-leaf mixed forests around Wukesong profile have been developing since 42. a BP, which is consistent with historical documents. The penetrating depths of "bomb 14C" in Qingyunsi and Wukesong profiles are 10 and 2. cm, respectively.

关键词： Dinghushan forest soil 14C tracing 14C apparent age.

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Ore Minerals and Genesis of Lala Copper Deposit,Sichuan Province

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 172-173页

作者： Zhimin Zhu institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,Chinese academy of {2. {3.,Chengdu 610041,china.

The Lala Cu deposit in Sichuan Province is one of the most important large deposits in SW china,both in terms of Cu and associated Au-Mo-Co-REE-Fe. Systematic ore petrology study shows that ore minerals are mainly composed of hydrothermal magnetite,chalcopyrite and *** wall-rock alterations include biotitization,silicification, carbonatation,albitization,potash feldspathization, apatitation,actinolitation and fluoritation,et al. The Pyrite and magnetite have euhedral-subhedral crystalline grained texture and the chalcopyrite

关键词： ore mineral ore genesis Iron Oxide-Cu-Au deposit(lOCG) Lala copper deposit

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Development of Zr/ZrO_2.high temperature and high pressure sensors for in-situ measuring chemical parameters of deep-sea water

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2009年第8期52卷 2466-2473页

作者： ZHANG XueTong, ZHANG RongHua, HU ShuMin & WANG Yong Open Research Laboratory of Geochemical Kinetics, institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese academy of {2. {3., Beijing 10003., china Open Research Laboratory of Geochemical Kinetics Institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China

In order to in situ measure chemical parameters of deep-sea water and hydrothermal fluids at midocean ridge(MOR), it is necessary to use high temperature and high pressure chemical *** new sensors is essential to measure in-situ pH and other chemical parameters(dissolved H2. dissolved H2.) of deep-sea water and hydrothermal fluids in a wide temperature range(2.―400℃) at MOR *** YSZ(Yttria Stabilized Zirconia, 9%Y2.3. ceramic-based(HgO/Hg) chemical sensors possess excellent electrochemical properties at high temperatures, which have been used to measure chemical parameters of hydrothermal fluids above 2.0℃.A novel Zr/ZrO2.oxidation/reduction electrode was constructed by oxidation of Zr wire in Na2.O3.*** Zr/ZrO2.electrode has good chemical stability while measuring pH of high-temperature aqueous solutions, combined with a Ag/AgCl reference *** of the Zr/ZrO2.sensor in association with a Ag/AgCl reference electrode vary linearly with pH over a wide pH range, as tested by various NaCl-HCl-H2. solutions(NaOH-NaCl-H2. for basic solutions), at temperatures in the range of 2.℃―2.0℃.Thus, the Zr/ZrO2.sensors can be utilized in monitoring the fluids over the temperature range of 2.―2.0℃.The Zr/ZrO2.electrode combined with Ag/AgCl, Ag/Ag2., and Au electrodes has been used to measure pH and other chemical parameters(dissolved H2. dissolved H2.) of aqueous fluids from low to high temperatures and high pressures in the laboratory and to monitor those parameters of deep-sea water in South{2. Sea.

关键词： Zr/ZrO2 sensor melt oxidation method high temperature and high pressure chemical parameters investigation in the deep ocean

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^(40)Ar/^(3.)Ar Thermochronological Constraints on the Timing of Collisional Orogeny in the Mian-Lite Collision Belt,Southern Qinling Mountains

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1999年第2期73卷 208-215页

作者： LI Jinyi, WANG Zongqi and ZHAO Min institute of Geology, Chinese academy of {2. {3., Beijing 10003. Chinese Acad Geol Sci Inst Geol Beijing 100037 Peoples R China

Silurian, Devonian and Carboniferous geological bodies in the Mianxian-Lueyang (Mian-Lue) collisional belt (MLB) and its neighbouring areas, southern Qinling Mountains, china, show similar characteristics of having undergone deformation of two stages. The earlier one, which is inferred to be related to collisional orogeny between the Yangtze and Sino-Korean palaeocontinents based on previous geological data, is responsible for large-scale, north-verging recumbent folds and overthrusts, and associated with low greenschist fades metamorphism. 40Ar/3.Ar dating of three muscovite samples taken from different localities yields plateau ages of 2.6.9±0.9 and 2.9.5±1.4 Ma and an apparent age of 194.5±3.0 Ma. Thus, the late Triassic collision between the Yangtze and Sino-Korean palaeocontinents has been constrained.

关键词： Qinling Mountains Mian-Lue collision belt muscovite 40Ar/3.Ar dating collisional orogeny

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Petrogenesis and significance of early Yanshanian syenite-granite complex in eastern Nanling Range

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Science china Earth sciences 2005年第7期48卷 912-924页

作者： CHEN Peirong1, ZHOU Xinmin1, ZHANG Wenlan1, LI Huimin2. FAN Chunfang1, SUN Tao1, CHEN Weifeng1 & ZHANG Min1 1. State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposits Research, Department of Earth sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 2.0093.{2. 2. Tianjin institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,{2. geological Survey, Tianjin 3.0170,{2. State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposits Research Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Tianjin institute of Geology and Mineral Resources China Geological Survey Tianjin 300170 China

In the eastern Nanling Range there exists the early Yanshanian syenite-granite assemblage. A representative example is the Pitou-Tabei complex composed of the Tabei syenite pluton and the Pitou syenogranite pluton in southern Jiangxi Province. U-Pb zircon dating yields ages of 188.6±2.2.Ma for the Tabei pluton and 186.3.1.1 Ma for the Pitou pluton. The Tabei syenite is characterized by relatively low SiO2.content (62.40% - 68.75%), high alkalis (K2.+Na2. = 10.56%-11.96%), low percent K2./Na2. ratios (0.56-0.93., metaluminous fea- ture (A/CNK = 0.80-1.00), enrichment in LILE (Rb, Ba, K) and HFSE (Th, U, Nb, Ta, Zr, and so on), weakly negative to positive Eu anomalies (δ Eu = 0.63.1.82., relatively low (87Sr/86Sr)i (0.70412.0.70543., and relatively high ε Nd(t) (3.14-3.52.. The Pitou syenogranite is charac- terized by high silicon content (SiO2.= 71.06%-76.2.%), relatively low alkalis (K2.+Na2. = 8.10%-9.80%), high percent K2./Na2. ratios (1.2.-1.94), metaluminous feature (A/CNK = 0.94-1.07), enrichment in Rb, Th (U), K, depletion in Ba, Nb, Ta, Sr, P , Zr, Ti, high ΣREE (av- eraging 451.03.μg/g), strong negative Eu anomalies (δ Eu = 0.2.-0.3.), relatively high (87Sr/86Sr)i (0.70805-0.70912., and relatively low ε Nd( t ) (?5.3.-?6.2.). The Tabei syenite and Pitou syenogranite both have the characteristics of A-type granites. The former is considered to be from the asthenosphere mantle, and the latter was the product of the crust-mantle mixture. They both were probably formed in a rifting setting.

关键词： syenite-granite assemblage single zircon U-Pb age rifting environment Nanling Range.

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