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On the influence of sand-wind on atmospheric environment

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Journal of Environmental sciences 1989年第1期1卷 73-84页

作者： Zhang Qide, Wang Yuxi, Yu Shuqing, Song Liming, Liu Xianwan, Li Changzhi and Lin Hejie1 Liaoning Provincial research institute of Environment Protection china2 institute of desert and Frosen Soil Science， Acadenua Sinica， lanzhou．3.Ihstute of Gedogy Science， Academia Sinica， lanzhou．

The authors seek, through tests on simulated sand samples in a wind tunnel and analysis of minerals combination and trace elements, to discover the environmental implications of flying-up, falling-down and concentration variation as a function of natural wind speed and direction, distance of movement, range and extent of influence on the atmospheric environment, of micro-granular components on the ground surface in the Keerqin desert area in northwest Liaoning Province of china.

关键词： sand-wind granular grading wind tunnel simulation atmospheric environment dispersion.

Extension of drylands in northern china around 250 kaBP linked with the uplift of the southeast margin of Tibetan Plateau

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Extension of drylands in northern China around 250 kaBP link...

干旱内陆河流域平原区生态环境需水分析——以新疆自治区台兰河流域为例

中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2002学术年会

作者： Wu haibin~a Guo Zhengtang~c Fang Xiaomin~(bc) Zhang Jiawu~b and Chen Fahu~b a institute of Geology and Geophysics,chinese academy of {3.,Beijing 100029,china b.Department of Geography,lanzhou University,lanzhou 730000,china c.institute of Earth Environment,chinese academy of {3.,Xi’an 710075,china

Study on two sections,one located at Wu-wei near the Tengger desert in northwestern china,another located near Ganzi at the southeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau in southwest china, reveals a coeval drying step occurred at～250 *** is expressed by the increase in eolian grain-size at Wuwei,and by a drastic extension of C4 plants and a decrease of loess chemical weathering intensity at *** of the available eolian data indicates that the event has also been clearly documented in the loess sections near the deserts in northern china,and in the eolian records from the North *** the contrary,the signal is rather weak for the central and southern Loess Plateau regions as well as for Central Asia,where the climates are influenced by the southeast Asian monsoon and the westerlies,*** the climate at Ganzi is under strong control of the southwest Asian monsoon,we interpret this drying step as a result of decreased influence of the southwest summer *** decrease in monsoon moisture is attributable to the uplift of the Hengduan Mountains,the southeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau at～250 ka ago.

关键词： aridification loess-paleosol sequences organic carbon isotope chemical weathering intensity Tibetan Plateau

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水土保持通报 2011年第4期31卷 82-88页

作者：孙栋元赵成义魏恒寇思勇彭冬梅中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室新疆乌鲁木齐830011 甘肃省水利科学研究院甘肃兰州730000 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所甘肃兰州730000 河北省冶金研究院河北石家庄050031

从干旱区台兰河流域存在的环境问题出发,在确定流域平原区生态环境需水类型的基础上,构建了台兰河流域平原区生态环境需水定量模型,估算了流域平原区生态环境的规模。计算结果表明,台兰河平原区最大生态环境需水量为4.146×108m3.最小... 详细信息

从干旱区台兰河流域存在的环境问题出发,在确定流域平原区生态环境需水类型的基础上,构建了台兰河流域平原区生态环境需水定量模型,估算了流域平原区生态环境的规模。计算结果表明,台兰河平原区最大生态环境需水量为4.146×108m3.最小生态环境需水量为2.3.2×108m3.最适生态环境需水量为2.983.108m3.分别占台兰河平原区水资源总量(8.121×108m3.的51.05%,29.21%和3..73.。在不考虑河流输沙需水量的情况下,台兰河河流生态环境需水量平均为1.440×108m3.在考虑输沙需水量的情况下,河流生态环境需水量平均为2.604×108m3.明确了在确定流域生态环境需水量时,必须考虑研究区环境状况和生态保护目标,从而在不同区域和用水部门间进行调配,并针对流域不同的生态系统状况和对应生态系统类型确定了面向生态的水资源合理配置方案。

关键词：干旱区内陆河流域生态环境需水台兰河流域

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干旱荒漠区植物骆驼刺的耗水规律

水土保持通报 2003年第4期23卷 43-45,65页

作者：朱永华仵彦卿中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所甘肃兰州730000

天然植物的耗水量是其生态需水量的一部分,也是确定其生态需水量的基础。额济纳旗位于黑河的下游,属于干旱荒漠区,全区域只在河流沿岸依靠地下水形成天然绿洲,骆驼刺是天然绿洲上的一种常见多年生天然矮灌木,具有额济纳旗天然植物根系... 详细信息

天然植物的耗水量是其生态需水量的一部分,也是确定其生态需水量的基础。额济纳旗位于黑河的下游,属于干旱荒漠区,全区域只在河流沿岸依靠地下水形成天然绿洲,骆驼刺是天然绿洲上的一种常见多年生天然矮灌木,具有额济纳旗天然植物根系生物量比地上部分生物量大的多且侧根十分发育的共有特点。因此搞清骆驼刺的耗水规律及耗水量将为认识额济纳旗区域内其它天然植物的耗水量及其耗水规律提供科学的基础。同时也将为维持额济纳旗现有天然生态不再恶化提供科学的依据。为此本文利用由土壤含水量及根系有效长度得到的折算因子与可能蒸散量的积成功地确定了骆驼刺实际蒸散量即其耗水量。得出额济纳旗天然矮灌木骆驼刺林地的年耗水量为13..00mm。并得出额济纳旗矮灌木骆驼刺的耗水量主要来源于潜水蒸发量与土壤贮水量。

关键词：骆驼刺耗水量干旱荒漠区

PROBLEMS CONCERNING SAND-DUST STORMS IN NORTHWEST china

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Bulletin of the chinese academy of sciences 1995年第2期9卷 180-184页

作者： Xia Xuncheng and Yang Gensheng(institute of desert research, the CAS, {3.)

This paper describes an exceptionally severe sand-dust storm that occurred in Northwest china in 1993. and outlines the damage, characteristics and formative factors of the sand-dust storm and the demarcation of its prone zones, laying emphasis on the countermeasures to prevent and reduce such disasters. Finally the authors suggest setting up protective systems for oases and taking action to rehabilitate the blown sand-land on the northern side of the Great Wall on the Loess Plateau.

关键词： PROBLEMS CONCERNING SAND-DUST STORMS IN NORTHWEST china

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由系统功能看蒋家沟荒漠化的发生与发展

山地研究 1991年第3期9卷 158-164页

作者：董玉祥朱震达中国科学院兰州沙漠研究所

在定量计算蒋家沟生态系统能量流和物质流的基础上,分析了系统的功能状况,结果表明该系统功能低下,对人畜数量的稳定支持能力校低,是一个掠夺型的农业生态系统。随系统中经济的发展,人畜超载,导致滥伐、滥垦、滥牧,森林植被遭到严重破坏... 详细信息

在定量计算蒋家沟生态系统能量流和物质流的基础上,分析了系统的功能状况,结果表明该系统功能低下,对人畜数量的稳定支持能力校低,是一个掠夺型的农业生态系统。随系统中经济的发展,人畜超载,导致滥伐、滥垦、滥牧,森林植被遭到严重破坏,以泥石流过程为主的荒漠化得以发生和发展。

关键词：蒋家沟农业生态系统荒漠化

厚田地区单叶蔓荆的群落学特征与适应沙地的初步研究

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生态学杂志 1992年第4期11卷 36-40页

作者：何兴东中国科学院兰洲沙漠研究所 730000

单叶蔓荆(Vitex trifolia var. simplicifolia Cham.)在我国主要分布于广东、广西、江苏、江西、浙江等省的沙地。在日本、印度、缅甸、泰国、越南、马来西亚、澳大利亚、新西兰也有分布。它不仅是沙地的主要固沙植物,也是药用植物。一... 详细信息

单叶蔓荆(Vitex trifolia var. simplicifolia Cham.)在我国主要分布于广东、广西、江苏、江西、浙江等省的沙地。在日本、印度、缅甸、泰国、越南、马来西亚、澳大利亚、新西兰也有分布。它不仅是沙地的主要固沙植物,也是药用植物。一、区域自然概况试验与调查工作在江西省南昌市厚田风沙化土地试验站进行。该区处于北纬28°25′—3.′,东经115°46′50″—42′45″,位于赣江下游南昌市附近。具有高温多雨、干湿季明显的特点,是典型的中亚热带气候类型。

关键词：单叶蔓荆群落学适应性固沙植物

Pollen indication to source plants in the eastern desert of china

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Science Bulletin 2005年第15期 98-107页

作者： LI Yuecong1,2, XU Qinghai2, ZHAO Yingkui3. YANG Xiaolan4, XIAO Jule1, CHEN Hui2,5 & Lü Xinmiao5 1. institute of Geology and Geophysics, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100029, china 2. College of Resources and Environment, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050016, china 3. Department of Environmental Management, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UN 4. Hebei Geography institute, Hebei academy of sciences, Shijiazhuang 050011, china 5. institute of Geographical sciences and Natural Resources research, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100101, china

In order to investigate the indication of major pollen types to source plants, 3. surface pollen samples are collected from 3. plant communities. The results show that diversity of pollen assemblages presents in different commu-nities. Chenopodiaceae pollen percentages are highest in Kalidium communities and Ceratoides communities (higher than 45%, average is 63.4%), but high Ephedra pollen per-centages (higher than 3.3., average is 16.5%)in Ceratoides communities make it distinguished from Kalidium communi-ties. Artemisia pollen percentages (more than 50%) are much higher than Chenopodiaceae (less than 3.%) in Artemisia Communities. Nitraria pollen percentages (higher than 2%, average is 13.6%) are highest in Nitraria communities com-pared with those in other community patterns. Tamariceae pollen percentages (higher than 2%, average is 8.6%) are highest both in Tetraena and Reaumuria communities com-pared with those in other community patterns. But in Reau-muria communities, Artemisia pollen percentages are higher than Chenopodiaceae with some other pollen types such as Gramineae, Compositae, Leguminosae; on the contrary, in Tetraena communities, Artemisia pollen percentages are less than Chenopodiaceae with few other pollen types. Calli-gonum pollen only appears in Calligonum communities (higher than 2%,average is 5%). The results of cluster analysis (CLA) and detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) show that the pollen indication to source plants can be reflected by association indices (A), over-representation in-dices (O), under-representation indices (U), R-value, the av-erage pollen percentages where parent plants are absent (Xa) and the average pollen percentages where parent plants are present (Xp). Zygophyllum, Calligonum, Tetraena, Tribulus and Tamariceae can indicate source plants very well, owing to high A scores. Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae and Gramineae have high R-values, and Nitraria, Cruciferae and sedum have high O scores, so they are over-represente

关键词： eastern desert of china pollen indication association indices (A) over-representation indices (O) under-representation indices (U) correlation coefficients (CC) similarity coefficients (C) detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) cluster analysis (CLA) ratios of Nitraria and Ephedra (N/E) ratios of Ephedra and Artemisia (E/A) ratios of Artemisia and Chenopodiaceae (A/C).

On coordinated development of oasis and environment in arid area

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Journal of Geographical sciences 2001年第1期11卷 117-121页

作者： FU Xiao-feng, LI Zhe (institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources research, CAS, Beijing 100101,{3.) institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources research CAS Beijing China

Based upon the formation and evolution of oasis and the factors restricting the coordinated development of oasis economy and environment, this paper presents a goal of the development in coordination. It suggests that the sustainable survival and development of oasis could be ensured only if the oasis-desert and water source ecology are managed in a combined way to form a macro system. In light with the above mentioned, the approach to the development of economy and environment of oasis in arid area should depend upon the establishment of an oasis ecological and economic system, which suits the arid environment and promotes the efficiency of resource configuration, stabilizes economic increment and benefits ecological development.

关键词： oasis development environment arid area