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Crustal structure of Gondwana-and Yangtze-typed blocks:An example by wide-angle seismic profile from Menglian to Malong in western Yunnan

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Science china Earth sciences 2005年第11期48卷 1828-1836页

作者： ZHANG Zhongjie1, BAI Zhiming1, WANG Chunyong2, TENG Jiwen1, Lü Qingtian3. LI Jiliang1, SUN Shanxue1 & WANG Xinzheng1 1. institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese academy of sciences, {3. 100029, china 2. institute of Geophysics, Chinese Seismological Bureau, {3. 100081, china 3. institute of deposition resource, Chinese academy of geological sciences, beijing 10003., china institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China institute of Geophysics Chinese Seismological Bureau Beijing China institute of deposition resource Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing China

The wide-angle seismic profile between Menglian and Malong crosses the Baoshan block (Gondwana-typed), and Simao and southwestern Yangtze blocks (Yangtze-typed). By in-terpreting the wide-angle seismic data, we obtained the seismic crust/upper mantle structure of P-wave velocities together with the seismic reflections of these three blocks, Changning- Menglian and Mojiang suture zones among the mentioned three blocks. Our interpreting results demonstrate that the P-wave crustal velocity of Simao block is slower than that of Baoshan and southwestern Yangtze block and the crustal thickness gradually thickens from the Baoshan block, Simao to southwestern Yangtze block. Crustal reflection patterns of these three blocks have dis-tinct differences too. For the Gondwana-typed blocks, seismic reflections in the upper crust are well developed while in middle-lower crust they are very weak. The crustal reflections in the Yangtze block are very well developed. The crustal reflection patterns in Simao and southwest-ern Yangtze blocks are distinguishable. The average thickness of the crust in the studied area is about 40 km. And we make some discussions on the crustal thickening model of the three blocks in western Yunnan and tectonic setting of seismic developing and interaction of Gondwana and Yangtze blocks.

关键词： Gondwana blocks,Yangtze blocks,wide-angle profile,crustal structure,tectonic setting

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The crustal structure under Sanjiang and its dynamic implications:Revealed by seismic reflection/refraction profile between Zhefang and Binchuan,Yunnan

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Science china Earth sciences 2005年第9期48卷 1329-1336页

作者： ZHANG Zhongjie1, BAI Zhiming1, WANG Chunyong2, TENG Jiwen1, Lü Qingtian3. LI Jiliang1, LIU Yifeng1 & LIU Zhenkuan4 1. institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese academy of sciences, {3. 100029, china 2. institute of Geophysics, china Seismological Bureau, {3. 100085, china 3. institute of deposition resource, Chinese academy of Geosciences, beijing 10003., china 4. School of Exploration and Information, china University of Geosciences, {3. 100083. china institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China institute of Geophysics China Seismological Bureau Beijing China institute of deposition resource Chinese Academy of Geosciences Beijing China School of Exploration and Information China University of Geosciences Beijing China

The fault belts in Sanjiang mainly include Jinshajiang-Honghe fault, Lancangjiang fault and Nujiang fault (called Sanjiang faults) in western Yunnan Province, china. By interpreting the wide-angle seismic reflection/refraction profile between Zhefang and Binchuan, which crosses Tengchong and Baoshan blocks in Dianxi (western Yunnan) tectonic zone, we recon- struct the crustal structure with seismic traveltime tomography for crustal P-wave velocity and the seismic scattering image for crustal seismic reflection structure. In this paper, we firstly present the crustal structure images of P-wave velocity and seismic reflection under the wide-angle seismic profile. These results demonstrate that, the crustal velocity structure and seismic reflec- tion structure along the profile can be divided into 3.segments, and there is an obvious difference of crustal structure among the eastern, the western and the middle segment. Generally, crustal P-wave velocities in the Baoshan segment are 0.1―0.2 km/s slower and seismic reflection am- plitudes from Moho discontinuity are stronger than the other 2 segments. In the studied area, crustal thickness is about 40 km, and shows the thickening tendency from west to east along the profile. Additionally, it can be seen that there is one strong-amplitude seismic reflection event as bright points at the depths of 8―10 km, along the segment of 80―115 km of the profile (south- ward of Tengchong); and seismic reflection wave-field from Moho discontinuity varies obviously along the lateral direction. Finally, we make some discussions on the crustal thickening pattern in the Sanjiang fault belt, structural environment of earthquake development and the contact rela- tionship between the Tengchong block, Banshan block and Luxi trough.

关键词： Sanjiang area wide-angle seismic profile crustal structure.

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Re-Os(ICP-MS)dating of the massive sulfide ores from the Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit

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Science china Earth sciences 2005年第10期48卷 1672-1677页

作者： YANG Gang1,2, DU Andao1, LU Jiren3. QU Wenjun1 & CHEN Jiangfeng2 1. National Research Center of Geoanalysis, beijing 10003., china 2. Laboratory for Earth Material Cycling, School of Earth and Space sciences, University of Science and Technology of china, Hefei 23.026, china 3. institute of Mineral resource, Chinese academy of geological sciences, beijing 10003., china National Research Center of Geoanalysis University of Science and Technology of china Chinese academy of geological sciences

Massive sulfide ore from the Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit was dated by Re-Os technique using Carius Tube digestion, Os distillation, Re extraction by acetone and ICP-MS measurement. An isochron giving an age of 83. ± 3. Ma, initial 187Os/188Os ratio of 0.279 ± 0.018 (MSWD = 1.7) and γOs = 13. ± 15 is obtained. The Re-Os age obtained agrees, within analytical uncertainties, with previous SHRIMP zircon U-Pb age of 827 ± 8 Ma (n=5, MSWD = 4.3.. The result suggests that the deposit was formed at Neoproterozoic and that the formation of the Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide deposit may be closely related to the plume activity, which were attributed to the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent. The high γOs of the massive ores sug-gests that crustal material was involved in the formation of the Jinchuan deposit, however, the quantity of the added crustal material is less than 10%.

关键词： Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit, Re-Os dating, ICP-MS.

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Mineralization episode of porphyry copper deposits in the Jinshajiang-Red River mineralization belt: Re-Os dating

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Science china Earth sciences 2005年第2期48卷 192-198页

作者： WANG Denghong, QU Wenjun, LI Zhiwei, YIN Hanlong4 & CHEN Yuchuan institute of Mineral resources, Chinese academy of {3. sciences, beijing 10003., china National Center of Rock and Mineral Analysis, Chinese academy of {3. sciences, beijing 10003., china resource Assessment Center of Yunnan, Kunming 650011, china institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china Chinese academy of {3. sciences, beijing 10003., china institute of Mineral resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing China National Center of Rock and Mineral Analysis Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing China resource Assessment Center of Yunnan Kunming China institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Chinese academy of geological sciences Beijing China

Re-Os isotopic dating for the molybdenites from the porphyry copper deposits of the Jinshajiang-Red River mineralization belt in Yunnan Province yields isochron ages of 3..9±1.1 Ma for the Machangqing deposit and 3..4±0.5 Ma for the Tongchang deposit. This result shows that both the Machangqing and the Tongchang porphyry Cu-Mo deposits from two different ore-fields formed simultaneously. This new data and the published Re-Os model ages of molybdenite (3..4 Ma, 3..9 Ma, 3..2 Ma) of the Yulong porphyry copper deposit in Tibet, which is located in the same Jinshajiang-Red River mineralization belt as the Machangqing deposit and the Tongchang deposit, suggest that these three Cenozoic porphyry copper deposits in the Jinshajiang-Red River mineralization belt were contemporary for their mineralization episode. That is to say, even their present locality is far away and nearly iso-distantly distributed, these three porphyry Cu(Mo) deposits belong to the same mineralization episode at the end of Eocene.

关键词： Re-Os isotopic dating, porphyry Cu deposits, Cenozoic, mineralization episode.

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A new method for spatio-temporal prediction of rainfall-induced landslide

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Science china Earth sciences 2006年第4期49卷 421-430页

作者： DING Jixin1,2, YANG Zhifa2, SHANG Yanjun2, ZHOU Shenghua1 & YIN Juntao3.1. china Non-ferrous Metals resource geological Survey, {3. 100012, china 2. institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese academy of sciences, Key Laboratory of Engineering Geomechanics, {3. 100029, china 3. School of Geoscience & Environmental Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083. china china Non-ferrous Metals resource geological Survey Beijing China institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Engineering Geomechanics Beijing China School of Geoscience & Environmental Engineering Central South University Changsha China

geological condition and rainfall are two most principal conditions inducing landslides in the Chongqing region. By analyzing the forming conditions of rainfall-induced landslides, a new method for spatio-temporal prediction of rainfall-induced landslide is brought forward on the basis of grading and overlapping geological condition and rainfall factor in this paper. At first, semi-quantitative assessment and grading for the geological condition of a certain area or slope can be carried out with the multi-factor interactive matrix. Then the severity of rainfall in that area is grading according to the maximum daily rainfall and the total rainfall in a rainfall course. Finally, the “landslide probability judgement factor” can be worked out through grading and overlapping “geological condition influenc- ing factor” and “rainfall influencing factor”, by which the landslide can be graded into 4 grades, they are landslide extremely easily happening, landslide easily happening, landslide difficultly happening and landslide hardly ever happening respectively. More accurate spatio-temporal prediction of rain- fall-induced landslides can come true on the ground of detailed geological survey of some dangerous slopes in an area and more precise weather forecast. Finally, the reliability and feasibility of carrying out the spatio-temporal prediction of rainfall-induced landslides with the method of “two factors” grading and overlapping are validated by the example of Jipazi landslide.

关键词： rainfall-induced landslide, geological condition, rainfall, two factors, grading and overlapping, interactive matrix, spatio-temporal prediction.

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The Mechanism of Structural Control of Ore Formation and Geochemical Characteristics in the Massive Sulfide Deposits of the Wushan Copper Ore Field,Jiangxi

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1990年第3期64卷 261-274页

作者： Liu Xun institute of Geomechanics, Chinese academy of geological {3., beijing Zhang Zhongmin institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing

The ore-controlling mechanism of the bedding fault system in the massive sulfide deposits of the Wushancopper orefield may be generalized as the control of ore deposition by optimum surface in an ore-formingstructural trap. The mechanism has three major features: (1) timing of mineralization; (2) positioning of hostformation; and (3. dependence of ore-controlling structure on properties of rocks. The 'optimum surface' is adivisional structural plane which marks obvious difference in physical, chemical and mechanical properties andis favorable for mineralization. It is also a unity of structures. lithofacies and orebodies. The structural and geochemical characteristics of the ore deposits indicate the migration trend of the ma-jor characteristic clements in the ore-controlling fault belt: elements with a small radius (Si, Fe, Mg and Al)moved towards and concentrated at the center of the belt while large-radius ones (Ca, K and Na) were remotefrom the center.

关键词： The Mechanism of Structural Control of Ore Formation and Geochemical Characteristics in the Massive Sulfide Deposits of the Wushan Copper Ore Field Jiangxi

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^(40)Ar-^(3.)Ar dating and geological implication of auriferous altered rocks from the middle-deep section of Q875 gold-quartz vein in Xiaoqinling area, Henan,china

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第20期47卷 1750-1755页

作者： WANG Yitian, MAO Jingwen, LU Xinxiang & YE Anwanginstitute of Mineral resources, Chinese academy of {3. sciences, beijing 10003., china institute of {3. sciences, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450053. china Lingbao Bureau of Geology and Mineral institute of Mineral resources Chinese Acad. of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China institute of geological sciences Henan Province Zhengzhou 450053 China Lingbao Bur. of Geol./Mineral Rsrc. Henan Province Lingbao 472500 China

The 40Ar-3.Ar age method is employed in this work to analyze the auriferous altered rocks from the middle-deep section of the Q875 gold-quartz vein in the Xiao-qinling area, and the results show that the main gold deposition of the Q875 occurred in ca. 128-126 Ma. As a typical gold-bearing quartz vein in this gold-rich area, the age data obtained from the Q875 also constrain on the metallogenic time of the lode gold deposits developed in the same geological settings. This geochronological study supplies new evidence for further understanding the timing of gold mineralization, the genesis of gold deposits and the geodynamic settings in Xiaoqinling area.

关键词： 40Ar-3.Ar dating auriferous altered rock Q875 gold-quartz vein lode gold deposit metallogenic time Xiaoqinling.

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Combination of drainage, water supply and environmental protection as well as rational distribution of water resource in Zhengzhou mining district

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Science china Earth sciences 2005年第10期48卷 1768-1779页

作者： WU Qiang1, LI Duo1,2, DI Zhiqiang3. MIAO Ying3. ZHAO Suqi4 & GUO Qiwen5 1. resource Exploitation Engineering College, CUMT, beijing 100083. china 2. Shijiazhuang Engineering College, University of Economics, Shijiazhuang 05003., china 3. Shenyang institute of Geology and Mineral resources, Shenyang 11003., china 4. State Adminstration of Coal Mine Safety, beijing 100013. china 5. Zhengzhou Coal Mine Company (Group), Zhengzhou 4523.1, china resource Exploitation Engineering College CUMT University of Economics Shenyang institute of Geology and Mineral resources State Adminstration of Coal Mine Safety Zhengzhou Coal Mine Company (Group)

The geological condition of coalfield is much complex in china. With increasing in mining depth and drainage amount, the contradiction of drainage, water supply and environ-mental protection is becoming more and more serious. However, the contradiction can be solved by the scientific management of optimizing combination of drainage, water supply and environ-mental protection. The Philip multiple objectives simplex method used in this article has searched for a possible solution at the first step, and then it goes on searching to find out whether there is a weight number that can lead the solution to the biggest. It can reduce the randomness and diffi-culty of traditional weight method which determine the weight number artificially. Some beneficial coefficients are vague and the number is larger in the model of water resource dispatch. So the vague layer analysis method can consider these vague factors fully, combining the qualitative and quantitative analysis together. Especially, this method can quantify the experiential judge-ment of policy decider, and it will turn to be more suitable if the structure of objective factors is complex or the necessary data are absent. In the paper, the two methods above are used to solve the plans of drainage, water supply and optimizing distribution of water resource in the Zhengzhou mining district.

关键词： combination of drainage, water supply and environmental protection, Philip multiple objective simplex method, vague layer analysis method, distribution of water resource.

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Origin of Gymnocypris przewalskii and phylogenetic history of Gymnocypris eckloni (Teleostei: Cyprinidae)

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第5期17卷 520-528页

作者： Zhao Kai, Duan Ziyuan, Yang Gongshe, Peng Zuogang, He Shunping and Chen Yiyu (institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese academy of sciences, Wuhan 43.072,{3. Laboratory of Animal Fat deposition and Muscle Development, Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100,{3. Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College, Qinghai University, Xining 810003.{3. institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101,{3.) institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China Laboratory of Animal Fat deposition and Muscle Development Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry Yangling 712100 China Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College Qinghai University Xining 810003 China institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

The origins and phylogenetic patterns were assessed for G. przewalskii and G. eckloni by analyzing the complete mtDNA cytochrome b gene sequence (1140bp). Phylogenetic analyses further supported that there were three mtDNA lineages (A-C) identified in G. przewalskii and G. eckloni, demonstrating that outer rakers of the first gill have little significance in the phylogeny of the Gymnocypris fishes. The network established showed that G . eckloni of the Yellow River specific haplotype Al was a founder and it radiated all haplotypes of G. przewalskii which suggested G . przewalskii might only originate from one of two maternals of G . eckloni from the Yellow River. Fs test and mismatch analysis showed at least two expansion events in the population of G. przewalskii about 0.273. Ma and 0.0658 Ma, while G. eckloni from Qaidam Basin could have experienced severe bottleneck effect about 0.0693.Ma. The population expansion was detected in subclades Al and A21 with the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) about 0. 23.8±0.01 Ma and 0.13.9±0. 015 Ma, respectively, which were within the geological age range of "Gonghe Movement" event that caused the separation of Lake Qinghai from the upper Yellow River. These results suggested the effect of the fish diversification by rapid uplift of the Qing-hai-Tibetan Plateau in the Late Pleistocene.

关键词： G. przewalskii G. eckloni origin Cyt b phylogeography.

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Spatial-temporal Frame,Evolution and Mineralization of the Northern Qilian Metallogenic Province

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 1997年第2期71卷 204-216页

作者： Sun Haitian Wu Jieren and Li Jinping institute of Mineral Deposits, Chinese academy of geological {3., beijing Xi’an institute of Geology and Mineral resources, Chinese academy of geological {3., Xi’an, Shaanxi institute of Mineral Deposits, Chinese academy of geological {3., beijing institute of Mineral Deposits Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing Xi'an institute of Geology and Mineral resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Xi'an Shaanxi institute of Mineral Deposits Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing [?]Sun Haitian Born in 1955 got a doctorate degree in 1988 conducted postdoctoral research from 1989 to 1991 in the Department of Geology and Mineral resource Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology. He is now Research Professor at the Institute of Mineral Deposits Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences and has long been engaged in geology metallogenesis and regional metallogeny of metallic ore deposits with emphases on cooper deposits and volcanic and sedex metallic deposits.

Four metallogenic epochs occurred in different tectonic environments during theevolution of the Northern Qilian metallogenic province through the geological time. The Mid-dle Proterozoic metallogenic epoch witnessed the tectonic environment of crustal breakupcaused by mantle diapirism, in which ultramafic-mafic rocks were intruded along beep faultbelts and the superlarge Jinchuan magmatic Cu-Ni sulphide deposit was formed. In theMiddle-Late Proterozoic metallogenic epoch the crust was further broken to form anintracontinental rift, in which the Chenjiamiao style massive Cu-Fe sulphide deposits hosted bybasic volcanic tuff were formed in the lower volcano-sedimentary sequence, while the largesedex type Jingtieshan style Fe-Cu deposits were formed within the upper abyssal carbon-richargillaceous sedimentary sequence. The Early Palaeozoic saw the aulacogen environment, with-in which the Baiyinchang style superlarge massive base and precious metal sulphide depositshosted by quartz keratophyric tuff were formed in the Middle-Late Cambrian rifted island arcand the massive Cu-Zn sulphide deposits and magmatic chromite deposits associated with theophiolite suite were formed in the Early-Middle Ordovician, and the Honggou style massiveCu-Fe sulphide deposits hosted by spilite were formed in the Late Ordovician back-arc basinenvironment. In the Late Palaeozoic-Meso-Cenozoic, the metallogenic province went into anintracontinental orogenic stage characterized by compressive tectonic environment, in whichthere occurred carbonate-quartz vein type and tectono-alteration gold deposits associated withductile-shear structures.

关键词： northern Qilian metallogenic province evolution and mineralization

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