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Effects of genistein, daidzein and glycitein on the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells and on the adipogenic trans-differentiation of osteoblasts

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第11期15卷 993-999页

作者： LI Xianghui, ZHANG Jinchao, SUI Senfang and YANG Mengsu (State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane, department of Biological sciences and Biotechnology, Tsinghua university, {3. 100084, china department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry & environmental Science, Hebei university, Baoding 071002, china department of Biology and Chemistry, City university of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, china) State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China. department of Chemistry College of Chemistry & Environmental Science Hebei University Baoding 071002 China. department of Biology and Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

The 3.(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and oil red O assays were used to examine the effects of genistein, daidzein and glycitein on the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of primary mouse bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) and the adipogenic trans-differentiation of primary mouse osteoblasts. The results indicated that daidzein, genistein and glycitein at concentrations from 1×10-8 mol/L to 1×10-5mol/L promoted the proliferation of MSCs and osteoblasts; genistein, daidzein and glycitein promoted osteogenic differentiation and inhibited adipogenic differentiation of MSCs, and inhibited adipocytic transdifferentiation of osteoblasts at appropriate concentrations as 17β-estradiol. It suggests that genistein, daidzein and glycitein regulate a dual differentiational process of MSCs into the osteogenic and adipogenic lineages, and trans-differentiational process of primary osteoblasts into the adipocyte lineages, causing a lineage shift toward osteoblast. Protective effects of them on bone may be mediated by a reversal of adipogenesis which may promote the proliferation, differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts, and make adipocytes secrete less cytokines which may promote osteoclast formation and activation. In addition, the results also indicated that genistein, daidzein and glycitein may be helpful in preventing the development of steroid induced osteonecrosis.

关键词： genistein daidzein glycitein bone marrow stromal cells osteoblasts osteogenic differentiation adipogenic differentiation adipogenic trans-differentiation.

Biogas recovery from microwave heated sludge by anaerobic digestion

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2010年第1期53卷 144-149页

作者： QIAO Wei1,WANG Wei2,ZHU CuiPing3.& ZHANG ZhongZhi1 1 College of Chemical Science and Engineering,china university of Petroleum,beijing 102249,china 2 department of environmental Science and Engineering,Tsinghua university,beijing 10084,china 3.J & K china Cleaning Energy Technology Co.Ltd.,beijing 100085,china College of Chemical Science and Engineering China University of Petroleum department of environmental Science and Engineering Tsinghua University J & K china Cleaning Energy Technology Co. Ltd.

Biogas generated from sewage sludge,livestock waste,and food waste by anaerobic digestion is a valuable renewable energy ***,conventional anaerobic digestion is not an efficient process.A long hydraulic retention time and low biogas recovery rate hinder the applications of those *** effective pretreatment method to destroy sludge microbial cells has been one of the major concerns regarding improvement of the biogas *** article focuses on the effects of microwave heating on sludge anaerobic *** suspended solid(VSS) and chemical organic demand solubilization of heated sludge were *** heating was found to be a rapid and efficient process for releasing organic substrates from *** increase of organic dissolution ratio was not obvious when holding time was over 5 min with microwave *** effect of the VSS solubilization was primarily dependent on heating *** highest value of VSS dissolving ratio,3..4%,was obtained at 170°C for 3. *** COD dissolving ratio was about 25% at 170°*** organic carbon of treated sludge liquor was 1.98 and 2.73.g/L at 150°C and 170°C for 5 min,respectively.A biochemical methane potential(BMP) test of excess sludge and a mixture of primary and excess sludge demonstrated an increase in biogas *** total biogas from microwave treated mixture sludge increased by 12.9% to 20.2% over control after 3. days of *** production was 11.1% to 25.9% higher for excess sludge than for untreated *** VS removal ratios of mixture sludge and excess sludge were 12% and 11% higher,respectively,compared to the untreated sludge.

关键词： biogas recovery microwave heating sludge anaerobic digestion

Aerosol retrieval over land by exploiting the synergy of TERRA and AQUA MODIS DATA

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Science china Earth sciences 2006年第6期49卷 641-649页

作者： TANG Jiakui1, XUE Yong1,2, YU Tong3. GUAN Yanning1, CAI Guoyin1 & HU Yincui1 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of sciences and beijing Normal university, beijing 100101, china 2. department of Computing, London Metropolitan university, 166-220 Holloway Road, London N7 8DB, UK 3. beijing environmental Monitor Center, beijing 100044, china State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University Beijing China department of Computing London Metropolitan University London UK beijing environmental Monitor Center Beijing China

Aerosol retrieval over land from satellite remotely sensed data remains internationally a difficult task. By using MODIS data, the Dark Dense Vegetation (DDV) algorithm aerosol distribution and properties retrieval over land has shown excellent competence. However, this algorithm is re-stricted to lower surface reflectance such as water bodies and dense vegetation, which limits its actual application, and is unable to be used for high reflective surface such as over urban areas. In this paper, we introduce a new aerosol retrieval model by exploiting the Synergy of TERRA and AQUA MODIS data (SYNTAM), which can be used for various ground surfaces, including for high reflective surface. Preliminary validations have been carried out by comparing with AERONET measured data, which shows good accuracy and promising potential. Further research work is undergoing.

关键词： aerosol retrieval, aerosol optical thickness, MODIS, TERRA, AQUA.

El Nino and anti-El Nino events in 1854-1987

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 1990年第3期9卷 353-362页

作者： Zang Hengfan and Wang Shaowu National Marine environmental Forecasting Center, State Oceanic Administration (SOA) , beijing, china {3. of Geophysics, peking university, beijing, china

-Using the COADS data set of sea surface temperature in the Equatorial Eastern Pacific, thirty one El Nino events and twenty four anti -El Nino events were identified for the period from 1854 to 1987. The results were compared with those of the other authors. The El Nino events (or anti -El Nino events ) are classified into two groups according to the timing of occrrence of the events: one starts at the first half of a year, another begins at the second half of a year. Both 1982-1983.and 1986-1987 events fall into the second group, which are characterized by the eastward migration of the positive anomaly of the sea surface temperature and the significant increasing of the anomaly in September or October.

关键词： Nino EI El Nino and anti-El Nino events in 1854-1987

Ecological hydrograph based on Schizothorax chongi habitat conservation in the dewatered river channel between Jinping cascaded dams

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2011年第S1期54卷 54-63页

作者： LI RuoNan 1,CHEN QiuWen 1,2 & Duan Chen 1,3.1 Research Center for Eco-environmental Science,Chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100085,{3. 2 {3. Three Gorges university,Yichang 443.02,{3. 3.Hydraulics department,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 43.010,{3. Research Center for Eco-environmental Science Chinese Academy of Sciences china Three Gorges university Hydraulics department Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

Hydropower development changes the river hydrological regime,thereby altering river ecosystem *** important measure for reducing degradation of ecosystem is to determine ecological flow and implement it by reservoir *** paper described a method to calculate river ecological flow based on fish habitat conservation and applied it to Jinping River Bend of Yalong *** chongi was selected as target species,and the fish habitat model coupling with water environmental model was developed according to the relationship between fish and water environment ***,improved hydraulic habitat suitability index(IHHS) and habitat fragment index(HFI) varying with discharge were discussed in this *** area representing average annual flow was taken as a reference,and then ecological hydrographs under different habitat conservation levels were calculated considering season variation and life stages of *** to the natural condition,the model results indicated that the reservoir operation clearly influenced the habitat of the target *** was proposed to ensure flow releases to maintain 70%-90% habitat in section after joint while about 60% before joint.

关键词： river habitat habitat assessment ecological flow ecological hydrograph

Human impacts on the terrestrial ecosystem of Fildes Peninsula of King George Island, Antarctica

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Journal of environmental sciences 2000年第1期12卷 14-19页

作者： ZHAO Ye\+1, XU Cui\|hua\+2 (1. Institute of Resource and environmental sciences, beijing Normal {3., beijing 100875, china 2. Laboratory of Industrial Hygiene, Ministry of public health, beijing 100088, china) Foundation item: National Natur

Antarctic environment has valuable baseline information for understanding the global change. The objectives of this study were to investigate the impacts of human activities on Antarctic terrestrial ecosystem. Based on the investigation results and the sampling analysis of the environment of Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica, it was shown that there are some artificial radioactive elements—? ? 13. Cs in Antarctic environment: the radioactivity of 13. Cs in the surface soil, the surface moss, the fruticose lichen and the crustaceous lichen are 6 00—14 80, 25 07, 29 04 and 58 07 Bq/kg separately; i.e. the sequence of 13. Cs specific activity is as follows: crustaceous lichen>fruticose lichen>surface moss>surface soil, which demonstrates that the crustaceous lichen is one of the most sensitive monitor ways for the effect of the long term diffusion of 13. Cs. The impacts of the scientific research activities on the partial ecosystem of Fildes Peninsula include: the changes of the landscape and the soil material have made a strong freezing thawing process, which decreases the stability of the ground surface, causes the degradation of the vegetation in the some small areas; some small lakes, runoff and lichens in middle areas of Fildes Peninsula have been affected by the wastes of the stations, in the surrounding areas of the expedition stations, the concentration of Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in the lichen and the water are higher than that of the contrasting area. Fildes Peninsula is one of the most crowded areas of expedition stations, at some extent, the environment and terrestrial ecosystem have been affected by the human activities. The conservation of the environment and ecosystem should be an important aspect of Antarctic environmental sciences.

关键词： Antarctica Fildes Peninsula terrestrial ecosystem human impacts CLC number: X21 Document code: A

Soil Properties in Two Soil Profiles from Terraces of the Nam Co Lake in Tibet,china

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Journal of Mountain Science 2009年第4期6卷 354-361页

作者： WANG Liqiang YI Chaolu Brigitta Sehiitt LIU Kexin ZHOU Liping Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China department of Physical Geography Freie University of Berlin Berlin12249 Germany State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking University Beijing 100871 China College of Urban and environmental sciences Peking University Beijing100871 China

This article investigates the soil properties in two soil profiles from the terraces of the Nam Co Lake in Tibet,china. Profile 1,with a slope aspect to east,is 3. m,and profile 2,to southwest,is 3. m above the lake level. Twelve and nine layers were identified in profile 1 and profile 2,respectively,based on the color,texture,structure,moisture content,presence of carbonate,and root density. Grain sizes and measurements of water content,total organic carbon,total inorganic carbon,total carbon,pH value and electrical conductivity were all analyzed for each sample. The results show that soil is poorly developed because of sparse vegetation coverage and weak chemical weathering in the cold and arid area. The results also indicate that the soil properties are different between the two profiles and suggest that soil is better developed in profile 1 than in profile 2. These differences are ascribed to the dissimilarity of landform,vegetation and timing. Profile 1 faces to east as compared with profile 2 facing to southwest and gets less insolation and therefore less evaporation. Thus,vegetation grows better in profile 1 than in profile 2. Radiocarbon dating and OSL dating show that profile 1 underwent a longer soil forming process than profile 2,which is helpful for the soil development in profile 1.

关键词： Soil property Soil genesis environmental change Marine isotope stage 3.(MIS 3.

URBAN COMPETITIVE PATTERN AND ITS CHANGES IN china

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Chinese Geographical Science 2000年第2期10卷 105-112页

作者： DOU Wen-zhang LI Guo-ping GAN Ying-jin WANG Li-ming YANG Kai-zhong(department of Urban and environmental sciences,{3., beijing 100871, P R. china) department of Urban and environmental sciences Peking University Beijing P. R. China

With the national economy’s transition from a planning one to a market one, the factors affecting regional economic pattern has changed greatly. In this paper we first construct an index system for evaluating competitiveness of Chinese cities based on modern competitive advantage theory. With principal component analysis and cluster analysis methods, we compare the factors affecling cities’ integrated competitiveness in 1990 and 1997. We find that four major factors are capital (including investment, FDI and urban financial revenue ), urban ithestructure (transporiation and communication, urbanization level, education etc. ), industrial performance and structure, degree of market openness and that these factors have become more advanced and complicated since 1990. Most Chinese cities are transforming from productive factors-oriented type to investment-oriented type and a few are becoming innovation oriented. The integrated competitiveness is closely related to cities’ scale, urban function, regional policy and degree of market openness and displays an uneven spatial pattern. The difference between the south and the north and the difference between the west and the east co-exist bul the former has been more larger. Finally, we discuss the mechanism behind the pattern and attribute the unevenness to change of factors dominating the cities’ compehtiveness regional innovation capacity and geographical differenceof traditional culture.

关键词： urban integrated competitiveness competitive pattern china’s cities

Flow Deflection in Intersected Tubes

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Journal of Earth Science 2000年第4期19卷 54-56页

作者： Tian Kaiming Wan Li department of Water Resources and environmental Science, china {3. of Geosciences, beijing 100083

In order to verify the flow interference at the fracture intersections, a group of hydraulic simulations of crossing flow was carried out. The manifold interference effects at the intersection of fractures on water flow has been confirmed extensively either in the normal or in the oblique intersected tubes as well as in the intersected tubes of either equal or variant diameters. Consequently, suggest that the fissure network can no longer be taken as a set of solitary fractures, but as a set of elementary intersected fractures. The deflection effect at fracture intersections on the water flow should be taken into consideration when is dealt with any theory related to the water migration in fractures.

关键词： crossing flow intersected tube flow deflection flow interference at intersection hydraulic simulation.