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Palaeorunoff estimations achieved from palaeoclimatic information for the southwest part of the North China Plain: an attempt to apply a climatological approach to palaeohydrology

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Journal of environmental sciences 2000年第3期12卷 330-336页

作者： WANG Hong\|ya, XIE Qiang (department of Urban and environmental {2.,{3.,beijing 100871, China) 北京大学北京 1 0 0 871

Palaeoclimatic scenario projecting annual temperature and annual precipitation is firstly formalized with data available and speculations for the southwest part of the North China Plain (3.— 3.°N, 115—119°E) during the last 2.000 years. Then, with three regression equations relating annual runoff to annual precipitation and derived with data of modern hydrological and meteorological records, values of annual runoff are calculated in terms of the corresponding values of annual precipitation from this palaeoclimatic scenario for this region during this temporal interval. These results indicate that runoff is the most during 8000—3.00 a B.P. and the least during 2.000—12.00 a B.P.; runoff occurring during 12.00—8000 a B.P. and during 3.00—0 a B.P. is less than the one occurring during 8000—3.00 a B.P. and more than the one occurring during 2.000—12.00 a B.P.; and the runoff occurring during 2.000—12.00 a B.P., 12.00—8000 a B.P., and 3.00—0 a B.P. is respectively 43. 46 and 66 percent of the one occurring during 8000—3.00 a B.P. Values of bankfull discharge for palaeochannels of the Yellow River flowing in this region during the same interval are calculated from available estimates of slope of stream bed of these palaeochannels with a regression equation relating bankfull discharge to slope of stream bed and ratios of bankfull discharge are further calculated from these values for different groups of palaeochannel formed during different time spans embraced in this interval. To conduct a cross check, these values and ratios of bankfull discharge are compared to the corresponding values and ratios of runoff occurring during roughly the same time spans. The same direction and similar relative magnitude of changes of the surface water occurring in this region during the last 2.000 years are indicated by these comparisons.

关键词： palaeorunoff the southwest part of the North China Plain palaeoclimate

Molecular mechanism of dehydrin in response to environmental stress in plant

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第3期17卷 237-246页

作者： ZHANG Yuxiu , WANG Zi and XU Jin (department of Bioengineering, school of Chemical and {2. Engineering, China {3. of Mining and Technology (beijing), beijing 100083. China department of Biology, Graduate {3. of Chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100049, China) department of Bioengineering School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing) Beijing 100083 China department of Biology Graduate University Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Dehydrins, known as the D-11 subgroup of late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) protein, are an immunologically distinct family of proteins, which typically accumulate in desiccation-tolerant seed embryo or in vegetative tissues in response to various environmental stresses such as drought, salinity and freezing. The existence of conservative sequences designated as K, S, and Y segments is a structural feature of dehydrins, and the K segment found in all dehydrins represents a highly conserved 15 amino acid motif (EKKGIMDKIKEKLPG) and forms an amphiphilicα-helix. According to the arrangement of these domains and clustering analysis, dehydrins are subdivided into 5 subtypes: YnSK, Kn, KnS, SKn and YnK. Different types of dehydrins are induced by different environmental stress in plants. Study results showed that dehydrins might play important protective roles under abiotic stress via a number of different mechanisms, including improving or protecting enzyme activities by the cryoprotective activity in responding to freeze/thaw or dehydration; stabilizing vesicles or other endomembrane structures by function as the membrane stabilizer during freeze induced dehydration, and preventing the membrane system from the oxidative damage induced by reactive oxygen radicals as the radical scavenger. Here, the gene expression and molecular mechanisms of dehydrin in response to stress in plants are discussed.

关键词： dehydrin stress mechanism.

An Investigation of Crocidolite Contamination and Mesothelioma in a Rural Area of China^1

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Biomedical and environmental sciences 1990年第2期3卷 156-165页

作者： LIU XUEZE, LUO SUQIONG, WANG ZHIMING, WANG MIANZHEN, AND ZHAN CHENGLIE department of occupational {2.,{3., West China university of Medical sciences, Chengdu. Sichuan. China department of occupational {2. School of Public Health West China University of Medical Sciences Chengdu Sichuan.

Crocidolite was found to be ubiquitous in a county in southwestern China. It had been widely used in the making of road pavement, stoves, wall paint, etc. The environmental levels of the asbestos fibers were determined. Of the 2.75 local residents examined. 16 had asbestosis and 2.1} had pleural plaques. These clinical manifestations were noted mainly in patients over 50 years of age. (c)1990 Academic Press. Inc.

关键词： An Investigation of Crocidolite Contamination and Mesothelioma in a Rural Area of China~1

Mutagenicity and Induction of Drug-metabolizing Enzyme Activity by LPG Combustion Particulates in Rats

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Biomedical and environmental sciences 1994年第4期7卷 346-356页

作者： YIN XUE-JUN LIU JUN-ZHUO LI YONG-SHUN KONG XIANG-HUAN AND LIU HONG(department of environmental {2., Capital {3. of Medical sciences, beijing 100054, China department of environmental {2., beijing Medical {3., beijing, China) department of environmental {2. Capital University of Medical Sciences Beijing China.

Methylene chloride extracts of particulates from liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) combustion appliance were studied by using Ames test, micronucleus test and inducibility of pulmonary and hepatic aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in rats. The extracts showed mutagenicity for Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98 and its derivatives TA98NR and TA98/1,8-DNP6 with or without S9 mix. The revertants in strains TA98NR and TA98/1,8-DNP6 were less than 40% and 50% of that in strain TA98 without S9 mix, respectively. Positive results were obtained in mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay. Intratracheal instillation of the extracts led to increase in pulmonary (but not hepatic) AHH and GST activities in rats. It was seen that AHH was more sensitive than GST to induction by the extracts

关键词： Activity Mutagenicity and Induction of Drug-metabolizing Enzyme Activity by LPG Combustion Particulates in Rats DNP LPG

Local and non-local sources of airborne particulate pollution at beijing——The ratio of Mg/Al as an element tracer for estimating the contributions of mineral aerosols from outside beijing

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Science China Chemistry 2005年第3期48卷 253-264页

作者： HAN Lihui1, ZHUANG Guoshun1,2.3. SUN Yele1 & WANG Zifa3.1. The Center for Atmospheric {2. Study, department of Chemistry, beijing Normal {3., beijing 100875, China 2. Center for Atmospheric Chemistry Study, department of {2. Science & Engineering, Fudan {3., Shanghai 2.043., China 3. LAPC/NZC, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, CAS, beijing 10002., China The Center for Atmospheric environmental Study Department of Chemistry Beijing Normal University Beijing China Center for Atmospheric Chemistry Study Department of Environmental Science & Engineering Fudan University Shanghai China Institute of Atmospheric Physics CAS LAPC/NZC Beijing China

A new element tracer technique has firstly been established to estimate the contri-butions of mineral aerosols from both inside and outside beijing. The ratio of Mg/Al in aerosol is a feasible element tracer to distinguish between the sources of inside and outside beijing. Mineral aerosol, inorganic pollution aerosol mainly as sulfate and nitrate, and organic aerosol are the major components of airborne particulates in beijing, of which mineral aerosol accounted for 3.%―67% of total suspended particles （TSP）, 10%―70% of fine particles （PM2.5）, and as high as 74% and 90% of TSP and PM2.5, respectively, in dust storm. The sources from outside beijing contributed 62. （3.%―86%） of the total mineral aerosols in TSP, 69% （52.―90%） in PM10, and 76% （59%―93.） in PM2.5 in spring, and 69% （52.―83.）, 79% （52.―93.）, and 45% （7%―79%） in TSP, PM10, and PM2.5, respectively, in winter, while only2.% in summer and autumn. The sources from outside beijing contributed as high as 97% during dust storm and were the dominant source of airborne particulates in beijing. The contributions from outside Bei-jing in spring and winter are higher than those in summer, indicating clearly that it was related to the various meteorological factors.

关键词： mineral aerosol local sources non-local sources dust storm re-suspended dust element tracer technique.

Climate change and potential distribution of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Central Iran: Horizon 2.3. and 2.50

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第5期12卷 204-215页

作者： Babak Shiravand Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd Abbas Ali Dehghani Tafti Mohammad Reza Abai Ali Almodarresi Masoud Mirzaei department of health in Disasters and Emergencies,{2. of {3. health,Shahid Sadoughi university of Medical sciences department of Medical Entomology&Vector Control,{2. of {3. health,Tehran university of Medical sciences Engineering College,GIS&RS department Yazd Branch,Islamic Azad university department of Epidemiology&Biostatistics,{2. of {3. health,Shahid Sadoughi university of Medical sciences department of health in Disasters and Emergencies School of Public Health Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences department of Medical Entomology&Vector Control School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Engineering College GIS&RS Department Yazd Branch Islamic Azad University department of Epidemiology&Biostatistics School of Public Health Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences

Objective: To investigate and predict the effects of climate change on the potential distribution of the main vector and reservoir hosts of the disease in Yazd province in the ***: Distribution data for vector and reservoir hosts of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Yazd province were obtained from earlier studies conducted in the *** ecological niche modeling was used to predict environmental ***-CSM1-1(m) model and two climate change scenarios, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 were used for horizons 2.3. and 2.50 climate *** projections were based on data of a regional climate change ***: With both scenarios in 2.3. and 2.50, the results of jackknife test indicated that the mean temperature of wettest quarter and temperature annual range had the greatest effect on the model for the vector and the reservoir hosts, ***: The climate conditions are the major determinants of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis incidence rate in Yazd *** climate conditions provide favorable habitats for ease transmission of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in this endemic *** suitability for the vector and reservoir will be expanding in the coming years compared with the current conditions, such that, in horizon 2.3. & 2.50, the probability of the presence of the vector and reservoir within 3. 580 and 3. 949 km^2. respectively, from Yazd province is above 60%.Moreover, an increase is predicted in the presence of the vector in the western parts and the reservoir in the northern and central parts of the province in the *** the role of environmental and bioclimatic factors in zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis occurrence can provide a guide for policy-makers in the creation and implementation of more effective policies for prevention and control.

关键词： Cutaneous leishmaniasis Climate change RCP scenario Phlebotomus papatasi Rhombomys opimus

Evaluation of Impact of Major Causes of Death on Life Expectancy Changes in China,1990-2.05

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Biomedical and environmental sciences 2009年第5期22卷 430-441页

作者： YAN-HONG WANG LI-MING LI department of Epidemiology&Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking University Health Science CenterBeijing 100191China

Objective To evaluate the impact of major causes of death on changes of life expectancy in China. Methods Life expectancy was calculated by standard life table techniques using mortality data from the national censuses in 1990 and 2.00 and the 1% National Population Sampling Surveys in 1995 and 2.05, Mortality data about the major causes of death from VR-MOH were used as reference values to estimate their death proportions of the specific age groups by sex and regions, as well as all-cause mortality and age-specific mortality rates of major causes of death. Decomposition method was used to quantitatively evaluate the impact. Results Three key findings were identified in our study. First, China's health challenge was shifted from diseases related to living conditions to those related to behavior and lifestyle, with rural areas relatively lagged behind urban areas, Second, the impacts of cardiovascular diseases and neoplasm on the middle aged and elderly population were stressed. Third, compared to the urban population, the rural population tended to have increasing mortality of neoplasm and cardiovascular diseases, especially in adults at the age of 15-3. years. Conclusion Further efforts should be made to reduce the incidence of neoplasm and cardiovascular diseases, especially in rural areas, by promoting healthy behavior and lifestyle and providing appropriate therapies for all patients in need.

关键词： China Life expectancy Cardiovascular disease Neoplasm

Heme: a versatile signaling molecule controlling the activities of diverse regulators ranging from transcription factors to MAP kinases

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Cell Research 2006年第8期16卷 681-692页

作者： SarahMMense department of environmental {2. {3. Columbia university Maihnan school of public health 60 Haven Avenue B-106 New York NY 1003. USA

Heme(iron protoporphyrin IX)is an essential molecule for numerous living *** only does it serve as aprosthetic group in enzymes,it also acts as a signaling molecule that controls diverse molecular and cellular processesranging from signal transduction to protein complex *** heine synthesis or function impacts the hema-topoietic,hepatic and nervous systems in *** studies have revealed a series of heine-regulated transcriptionfactors and signal transducers including Hap 1,a heme-activated transcription factor that mediates the effects of oxygenon gene transcription in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae;Bachl,a transcriptional repressor that is negatively regu-lated by heine in mammalian cells;tRR,an iron regulatory protein that mediates the iron-dependant regulation of hemesynthesis in the bacterium Bradyrhizobium japonicum;and heme-regulated inhibitor,an eucaryotic initiation factor 2.kinase that coordinates protein synthesis with heme availability in *** this review,we summarize the currentknowledge about how heme controls the activity of these transcriptional regulators and signal transducers,and discussdiseases associated with detective heine synthesis,degradation and function.

关键词： heme signaling oxygen sensing Hapl Bachl HRI IRR

Subchronic toxicological effects of aquatic nitrobenzene on Medaka and Chinese rare minnow

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Science China Chemistry 2007年第5期50卷 707-717页

作者： ZHOU QunFang1, FU JianJie1,2. MENG HaiZhen1,2. ZHU XueYan1,2. JIANG GuiBin1, ZHANG JianBin1, LIU JieMin2.& SHI GuoQing2.1 State Key Laboratory of environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental {2., Chinese Academy of {2., beijing 100085, China 2.department of Chemistry, school of Applied Science, university of Science and Technology beijing, beijing 100083. China State Key Laboratory of environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China department of Chemistry School of Applied Science University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China

Based on the simulative exposure experiments of nitrobenzene to two small experimental fishes, Medaka (Oryzias latipes) and Chinese Rare Minnow (Gobiocypris rarus), it was found that nitrobenzene could decrease in a linear way in the static aquatic system. Both fishes could accumulate dose-related levels of nitrobenzene quickly and eliminate the compound rapidly when they were transferred to clean water. The Chinese rare minnow showed more sensitivity to the acute toxicity exposure of nitrobenzene than Medaka. Typical molecular biomarkers in oxidative defense system including superoxide dismu- tase (SOD), catalase (CAT) showed the chemical induced alterations. The changes of acetylcholi- nesterase (AChE) activities indicated that nitrobenzene might affect the normal neural function. Nitro- benzene exposure could also lead to obvious damaging effects on the target organs, such as gill and liver by hitopathological studies.

关键词： nitrobenzene, Medaka, Chinese rare minnow, bioaccumulation, elimination, molecular biomarkers, histopathological effects