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Study on NDVI-T_s space by combining LAI and evapotranspiration

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第7期49卷 747-754页

作者： HAN Lijuan1.2,3. WANG Pengxin4, YANG Hua1.2,3. LIU Shaomin1.2,3.& WANG Jindi1.2,3.1. Research center for remote sensing and GIS, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 1.0875, {3. 2. State Key Laboratory of remote sensing Science, Beijing 1.0875, {3. 3. Beijing Key Laboratory for remote sensing of Environment and Digital Cities, Beijing 1.0875, {3. 4. Department of Information Management, College of Information and Electronic Engineering, {3. Agricultural University, Beijing 1.0083. {3. 1. Research center for {1. sensing and GIS School of Geography Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China 2. State Key Laboratory of remote {1. Science Beijing 100875 China 3. Beijing Key Laboratory for {1. sensing of Environment and Digital Cities Beijing 100875 China 4. Department of Information Management College of Information and Electronic Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 China

This paper focuses on interpreting the different spatial relationships between NDVI and Ts, a triangular or a trapezoid, and on analyzing transformation conditions, the physical and ecological meanings of the vegetation index-surface temperature space as well. Further, we use the Tempera-ture-Vegetation Dryness Index (TVDI) to explain the existent meaning of a triangular space after NDVI reaches its saturated state by employing the relationships between NDVI, LAI and evapotranspiration. The specific relations between NDVI and Ts are useful for describing, validating and updating land surface models.

关键词： NDVI, land surface temperature, evapotranspiration, leave area index.

Integrative inversion of land surface component temperature

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第11期48卷 2011-2019页

作者： FAN Wenjie1.& XU Xiru1.2 1. Institute of remote {1. and Geographical Information System, Peking University, Beijing 1.0871. china 2. {3. of remote {1. and GIS of Beijing Normal University, Beijing 1.0875, china 1. Institute of remote {1. and Geographical Information System Peking University 100871 Beijing China 2. center of {1. sensing and GIS of Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China

In this paper, the row winter wheat was selected as the example to study the com-ponent temperature inversion method of land surface target in detail. The result showed that the structural pattern of row crop can affect the inversion precision of component temperature evi-dently. Choosing appropriate structural pattern of row crop can improve the inversion precision significantly. The iterative method combining inverse matrix was a stable method that was fit for inversing component temperature of land surface target. The result of simulation and field ex-periment showed that the integrative method could remarkably improve the inversion accuracy of the lighted soil surface temperature and the top layer canopy temperature, and enhance inver-sion stability of components temperature. Just two parameters were sufficient for accurate at-mospheric correction of multi-angle and multi-spectral thermal infrared data: atmospheric trans-mittance and the atmospheric upwelling radiance. If the atmospheric parameters and component temperature can be inversed synchronously, the really and truly accurate atmospheric correction can be achieved. The validation using ATSRII data showed that the method was useful.

关键词： components temperature, inverse pattern, atmospheric correction

Water target based cross-calibration of CBERS-02 CCD camera with MODIS data

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 61-71页

作者： TANG Junwu1.2, GU Xingfa2, NIU Shengli1. MA Chaofei1.& MIN Xiangjun3.1. National Satellite Ocean Application Service (NSOAS), Beijing 1.0081. {1. 2. State Key Laboratory of remote sensing Science, Beijing 1.001., {1. 3. {1. center for Resource Satellite Data and Applications (CRESDA), Beijing 1.0083. {1. 1. National Satellite Ocean Application Service (NSOAS) 100081 Beijing China 2. State Key Laboratory of remote {1. Science 100010 Beijing China 3. {1. center for Resource Satellite Data and Applications (CRESDA) 100083 Beijing China

In order to make quantitative watercolor sensing with {1.-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite (CBERS-02) CCD camera, the MODIS data with higher accuracy is used to cross-calibrate the CCD camera over water targets. In homogeneous clear water area, two pairs of images obtained over the same area on the same day by the two sensors are selected. The top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiances of the multispectral bands of CCD are calculated with the water and aerosol parameters from MODIS based on a water-atmosphere radiative transfer algorithm. The stripes in CCD image that caused by unequal response of the CCD array detectors are firstly removed before making the cross-calibration. The same part of CCD detectors is selected for the calibrations in the two images to eliminate the residual error of destriping and uniformity correction for the focus plane irradiance. It is shown that the calibration results from two different images are consistent. The error of this method is about 5%.

关键词： CBERS-02 CCD MODIS radiometric calibration cross-calibration. DOI: 1..1.0}0/05ze1.06

Effective solutions to a global 3. visual system in networking environments

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第11期48卷 2032-2039页

作者： ZHANG Liqiang1,2, ZHANG Yan3. YANG Chongjun2, LIU Suhong1, REN Yingchao2, RUI Xiaoping2 & LIU Donglin2 1. State Key Laboratory of remote sensing Sciences, School of Geography and remote sensing, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, china 2. State Key Laboratory of remote sensing Sciences, Institute of remote sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1.1.01. china 3. Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1.1.01. china 1. State Key Laboratory of remote {1. Sciences School of Geography and Remote Sensing Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China 2. Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing SciencesInstitute of Remote Sensing Applications 101001 Beijing China 3. Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 101001 Beijing China

The development of Web-based global 3. visual system has made progresses. However, there exist few mature and effective ways for managing, transmitting and visualizing massive spatial data. Based on the related work, the paper illustrates the ellipsoidal quadtree technique for rapid access multi-scale and multiple level geographical data, integrates the streaming with level-of-detail rendering method for transmitting the data on the network, and im-plements large-scale terrain surface simplification using M-band wavelet transforms and mul-tiresolution triangulations. We fulfil a web-based global terrain visual system using COM com-ponents on the basis of the above techniques. The system has a good prospect in the military simulation and city plans.

关键词： massive spatial data, streaming transmission, system architecture, M-band wavelet

Monitoring of rice crop using ENVISAT ASAR data

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第7期49卷 755-763页

作者： DONG Yanfang1. 2, SUN Guoqing1.3.& PANG Yong4 1. State Key Laboratory of {1. sensing Science, Institute of {1. sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1.01.1. china 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1.003., china 3. Department of Geography, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA 4. Forest {1. sensing Lab, Research Institute of Forest Resource and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of For-estry, Beijing 1.0091. china 1. State Key Laboratory of remote {1. Science Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China 3. Department of Geography University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA 4. Forest remote {1. Lab Research Institute of Forest Resource and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China

Because of the cloudy conditions during the rice growth period, rice is one of the agri-cultural crops most suited to monitoring with the SAR instruments. Backscatter response measured by SAR is correlated with rice conditions, including height, density, biomass and structure, which are variable at different growing stages. In this paper, multi-date ENVISAT ASAR Alternating Polarization Mode (APMode) imageries were acquired during the rice crop growing cycle. At the same time, the rice parameters were measured in field. A continuous canopy model was used to compute the back-scattering from rice fields during the growth cycle, and the relationship between rice parameters and radar backscattering coefficients from both ASAR and modeling was analyzed. The effects of polari-zation, incidence angle and polarization on radar backscattering coefficients were analyzed. It was found that simulated radar backscatter has similar trends as ASAR data. This will be meaningful for the further research of rice parameters estimation from ASAR data. Different features show signifi-cantly different signatures in ASAR images and they follow some certain laws, so rice area can be accurately mapped by using multi-temporal SAR images, then rice yield can be estimated.

关键词： rice, ASAR, radar backscattering, model.

Estimating surface evapotranspiration using combined MODIS and CBERS-02 data

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 145-160页

作者： XIN Xiaozhou1.2, LIU Qinhuo1. TANG Yong1.3. TIAN Guoliang1. GU Xingfa1. LI Xiaowen1.2, ZHENG Hongsheng4 & CHEN Jiayi4 1. State Key Laboratory of {1. sensing Science, Institute of {1. sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1.01.1. china 2. Research center for {1. sensing and GIS, Department of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 1.0875, china 3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 1.003., china 4. Department of Atmospheric Physics, Peking University, Beijing 1.0871. china 1. State Key Laboratory of remote {1. Science Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China2. Research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS Department of Geography Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100039 Beijing China4. Department of Atmospheric Physics Peking University 100871 Beijing China

Spatial scale error is one of the most serious problems in the estimates of land surface heat fluxes of sensible and latent from satellite-borne data such as MODIS 1.m resolution reflectance and emissive data. One of the feasible and economic ways to decrease the spatial scale error is to use high resolution land use class data together with the MODIS data. CBERS-02 data were used to produce land use class of Baiyangdian area, Hebei Province, china in the autumn of 2004. The area ratio of each class in MODIS pixel was calculated, and used to derive the heat fluxes of the mixed pixel. The results showed that the estimated heat fluxes of soil, sensible and latent have been changed remarkably after using the high resolution land class data. It could be concluded from the comparison between simulated and ground-measured fluxes as well as the theoretical analysis that high resolution land class data are useful to diminishing the scale error of heat fluxes estimated from low resolution satellite data.

关键词： surface evapotranspiration spatial scale error MODIS CBERS land class.

The correlation of multi-angle thermal infrared data and the choice of optimal view angles

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第6期47卷 570-576页

作者： FAN Wenjie1.& XU Xiru1.2 1.Institute of remote {1. and GIS of Peking University,Beijing 1.0871.china 2.{3. of remote {1. and GIS of Beijing Normal University,Beijing 1.0875,china 1. Institute of remote {1. and GIS of Peking University 100871 Beijing China 2. center of {1. sensing and GIS of Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China

Based on the matrix formula of thermal infrared radiant system, the components temperature can be retrieved by the inversive matrix. Around the stability problem of retrieved result, the research work we did was focused on (i) the correlation of (wk,j) which is the key to affect the retrieval accuracy, (ii) a general method which can help us find the number of retrievable parameters and evaluate the retrieval error before its performance, (iii) the choice of “optimal viewing angle group” based on the formula of absolute error propagation. The row winter wheat field was chosen as an example. The results can provide a theoretical basis for multi-angle thermal infrared remote {1. and components temperature retrieval.

关键词： components temperature retrieval, correlation, number of retrievable parameters, optimal viewing angle group.

Multiple time scale evaluation of the energy balance during the maize growing season,and a new reason for energy imbalance

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Science china Earth Sciences 2009年第1期52卷 108-117页

作者： GUO JianXia1.2,BIAN LinGen3.& DAI YongJiu2 1.Meteorological Observation {1. of china Meteorological Administration,Beijing 1.0081.china 2 State Key Laboratory of {3. sensing Science,School of Geography and {3. sensing Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 1.0875,china 3.Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 1.0081.china Meteorological Observation center of {1. Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China State Key Laboratory of remote {1. Science School of Geography and Remote Sensing Science Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Energy imbalance is a common problem associated with the measurement of surface energy using the eddy covariance *** the evaluation of the energy balance,people usually pay more attention to the statistical result that the effective energy(the sum of sensible and latent heat) is systematically lower than the available energy(the difference of net radiation and ground heat flux).However,little attention has been paid to the existence of the reversed situation when the effective energy is larger than the available energy or their contribution to the overall energy closure *** this paper,based on the analysis of the energy balance on multiple time scales across the maize growth season,we conclude that the non-synchronization of energy components is the main reason for the existence of the reversed *** shifting the phase of the effective energy components half an hour ahead,the rates of energy closure over all time scales are improved and dramatically reduce the number of the half-hourly samples when the energy ratio exceeds 1.or is below *** to the characteristics of the energy distribution and transformation over multiple time scales,latent heat is always the main type of energy cost,and the residual of the energy balance increases with the growth of the maize plant surpassing the sensible heat for seventy *** is suggested that the heat storage and photosynthetic energy play an important role in the energy balance during the growing period of maize.

关键词： maize energy balance multiple time scale energy hysteresis

Photosynthetically active radiation retrieval based on HJ-1./B satellite data

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Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第S1期53卷 81-91页

作者： LI Li1.XIN XiaoZhou1.SU GaoLi1.2 & LIU QinHuo1.1.State Key Laboratory of remote {1. Science,Institute of remote {1. Applications,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 1.01.1.china 2 Zhejiang Climate center,Hangzhou 3.001.,china 1. State Key Laboratory of remote {1. Science Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China2. Zhejiang Climate Center Hangzhou 310017 China

Photosynthetically active radiation(PAR) is essential for plant photosynthesis and carbon cycle,and is also important for meteorological and environmental *** advance china's disaster and environmental monitoring capabilities,the HJ-1./B satellites have been placed in Earth *** of their environmental monitoring objectives is the study of *** simulated direct solar,scattered and environment radiation between 400 and 700 nm under different atmospheric parameters(solar zenith angle,atmospheric water vapor,atmospheric ozone,aerosol optical thickness,surface elevation and surface albedo),and then established a look-up table between these input parameters and *** on the look-up table,we used HJ-1./B aerosol and surface albedo outputs to derive the corresponding *** of inversed instantaneous and observed PAR values using HJ-1.Heihe experimental data had a root mean square error of 25.2 W m-2,with a relative error of 5.9%.The root mean square error for accumulated daily PAR and observed values was 0.49 MJ m-2,with a relative error of {1.5%.Our approach improved significantly the computational efficiency,compared with using directly radiation transfer *** also studied the sensitivity of various input parameters to photosynthetically active radiation,and found that solar zenith angle and atmospheric aerosols were sensitive PAR *** albedo had some effect on PAR,but water vapor and ozone had minimal impact on PAR.

关键词： Photosynthetically active radiation 6S HJ-1./B satellites