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Research on the damage of the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty in beijing by remote sensing

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2008年第S1期51卷 195-202页

作者： LI XiaoJuan,GONG HuiLi,ZHANG Ou,ZHANG WeiGuang & SUN YongHua The key lab of 3. Information Acquisition and Application,MOE,the key lab of beijing resource Envi-ronment and gis,and College of resource environment & Tourism,Capital Normal University,beijing 100037,china The key lab of 3. Information Acquisition and Application MOE the Key Lab of Beijing Resource Environment and GIS and College of Resource Environment & Tourism Capital Normal University Beijing China

Using aerial photos and high resolution satellite images of the year of 2004,this paper establishes remote sensing interpretation marks of the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty's damaged levels. Based on field survey and remote sensing survey in 1984,we analyzed present situation and changing characteristics being of the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty in beijing. The results show that about 7.02% of the wall is well-preserved (about 25861 m); 3..5% of the wall is slightly or moderately dam-aged (about 115989 m); 61.5% of the wall is badly damaged (about 2263.9 m). This paper analyzes the dynamic change of the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty. It shows that the damaged situation of the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty in beijing is serious. From 1984 to 2004,the well-preserved wall is decreased by 3.206 m (decreased by 56%); badly damaged wall increased by 51207 m (increased by 67%). Finally,this paper analyzes the influence factors of damaging Great Wall. The conclusion is as follows: The damaged Great Wall is generally near the roads and villages,small slope,and easily arriving land.

关键词： the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty remote sensing interpreting damage dynamic change spatial analysis

On multi-scale representations of geographic features

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2006年第Z2期49卷 39-47页

作者： WANG Yanhui, LI Xiaojuan & GONG Huili key laboratory of 3. Information Acquisition and Application, MOE, Capital Normal University, beijing 100037,{3. key lab laboratory of resource environment and gis of beijing, Capital Normal University, beijing 100037,{3. Capital Normal Univ MOE Key Lab D Informat Acquisit & Applicat 3 Beijing 100037 Peoples R China Capital Normal Univ Key Lab Lab Resource Environm Beijing 100037 Peoples R China Capital Normal Univ GIS Beijing Beijing 100037 Peoples R China

This paper contains a review of the development of research on multiple representations compiled from Geographic Information Systems (gis), including data structure, formalization and storage, and intelligent zoom. A summary is also included of the problems of interconnectivity, consistency maintenance, dynamic query and coexisting updates, as well as a research review of multi-scale databases and related studies. Finally,research directions and foci are proposed for the future design and implementation of multi-scale gis.

关键词： multi-scale representation, multi-scale database, interconnectivity, consistency maintenance.

A technique on automatic land-use database reconstruction based on scanning land-use map

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2006年第Z2期49卷 57-63页

作者： LI Xiaojuan, GONG Huili, YIN Lianwang, SUN Yonghua, YANG Lingli & WANG Yanggang key laboratory of 3. Information Acquisition and Application, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, beijing 100037,{3. key laboratory of resource environment and gis of beijing, Capital Normal University, beijing 100037,{3. Capital Normal Univ Minist Educ Key Lab D Informat Acquisit & Applicat 3 Beijing 100037 Peoples R China Capital Normal Univ Key Lab Resource Environm Beijing 100037 Peoples R China Capital Normal Univ GIS Beijing Beijing 100037 Peoples R China

Although a land-cover database is very important to national land use including urban planning and land-use management, it is very laborious and time-consuming to build through digitization of paper land-use maps (1:10000) and data input by hand. Here we propose a new, high-level, automatic technique to build a land-use database, which has proved useful and practical in building a land-use database of Baotou City.

关键词： land-use map vectonzation automatic building of land-use database.

A study on determining the location of groundwater divide using a mathematical morphology method

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2006年第Z2期49卷 141-148页

作者： PAN Yun, GONG Huili, DUAN Fuzhou & HU Zhuowei key laboratory of 3. Information Acquisition and Application, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, beijing 100037,{3. key laboratory of resource environment and gis of beijing, Capital Normal University, beijing 100037,{3. Capital Normal Univ Minist Educ Key Lab D Informat Acquisit & Applicat 3 Beijing 100037 Peoples R China Capital Normal Univ Key Lab Resource Environm Beijing 100037 Peoples R China Capital Normal Univ GIS Beijing Beijing 100037 Peoples R China

Placement of a groundwater divide indicates sink areas and spatial distribution, knowledge of which helps in the mapping of regional aquifer properties and the management of groundwater resources. By applying mathematical morphology to a conceptual model of a watershed and characteristic erosion and dilation operations, this paper proposes a structuring element with which to extract the shape and location of groundwater divide. With due consideration to watershed linearity, a structuring element with three origins is designed to connect watershed points. After erosion, closing, and dilation operations, the groundwater divide is determined; the results indicate this method's feasibility and accuracy.

关键词： groundwater divide, mathematical morphology, structuring element.

Ontology-based analysis of multi-scale modeling of geographical features

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2006年第Z2期49卷 121-131页

作者： WANG Yanhui, LI Xiaojuan & GONG Huili key laboratory of Three-Dimensional Information Acquisition and Application, Ministry of Education, Capital Normal University, beijing 100037,{3. beijing key laboratory of resource environment and gis, Capital Normal University, beijing 100037,{3. Capital Normal Univ Minist Educ Key Lab Dimens Informat Acquisit & Applicat 3 Beijing 100037 Peoples R China Capital Normal Univ Beijing Key Lab Resource Environm Beijing 100037 Peoples R China Capital Normal Univ GIS Beijing 100037 Peoples R China

As multi-scale databases based on scale series of map data are built, conceptual models are needed to define proper multi-scale representation formulas and to extract model entities and the relationships among them. However, the results of multi-scale conceptual abstraction schema may differ, according to which cognition, abstraction and application views are utilized, which presents an obvious obstacle to the reuse and sharing of spatial data. To facilitate the design of unified, common and objective abstract schema views for multi-scale spatial databases, this paper proposes an ontology-based analysis method for the multi-scale modeling of geographical features. It includes a three-layer ontology model, which serves as the framework for common multi-scale abstraction schema; an explanation of formulary abstractions accompanied by definitions of entities and their relationships at the same scale, as well as different scales,which are meant to provide strong feasibility, expansibility and speciality functions; and a case in point involving multi-scale representations of road features, to verify the method's feasibility.

关键词： multi-scale representation, ontology-based analysis, multi-scale data modeling, hierarchical ontology.

Web gis design and realization for groundwater resources in the Yellow River basin

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2004年第Z1期47卷 106-117页

作者： GAO Jianguo1,2, GONG Huili1,2, ZHAO Wenji1,2, ZHANG Xiaosong1 & YAN Ning2 1. resource, environment and gis {3. laboratory of beijing, Capital Normal University, beijing 100037, china 2. 3.Dimension Information Extraction and Application {3. laboratory of Education Ministry, beijing 100037, china Correspondence should be addressed to Gong Huili Web gis design and realization for groundwa- ter resources in the Yellow River basin GAO Jianguo1,2, GONG Huili1,2, ZHAO Wenji1,2, ZHANG Xiaosong1 & YAN Ning2 1. resource, environment and gis {3. laboratory of beijing, Capital Normal University, beijing 100037, china 2. 3.Dimension Information Extraction and Application {3. laboratory of Education Ministry, beijing 100037, china resource Environment and GIS Key Laboratory of Beijing Capital Normal University Beijing China 3.Dimension Information Extraction and Application key laboratory of Education Ministry Beijing China

This article brings forward a design and realization scheme of Web gis in the Yellow River basin for the management of groundwater resources. The main goals are to manage and share data of massive-scale, to support the research of groundwater resources in the Yellow River basin. In this paper we point out the necessity and feasibility of building the distributed Web gis for geographical research objects on a large scale. We put forward some solutions for the construction of this kind of system including a holistic deployment strategy in the Internet, a scheme of distributed data storage and management, a design of application structure based on three tires architecture by each province and how they collaborate with each other. It also illuminates how the application server works, and sets forth the relations among databases which work together in this system.

关键词： the Yellow River basin, groundwater, Web gis.

Quantitative exploration of the mechanisms behind the urban thermal environment in beijing

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2009年第12期19卷 1757-1763页

作者： Dan Meng,Xiaojuan Li~*,Wenji Zhao,Huili Gong key laboratory of 3. Information Acquisition and Application,Ministry of Education,key laboratory of resource,environment and gis in beijing,College of resources environment and Tourism,Capital Normal University,beijing 100048,china key laboratory of 3. Information Acquisition and Application Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Resource Environment and GIS in Beijing College of Resources Environment and Tourism Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China

The driving mechanism behind the formation of urban thermal environments is the result of a combination of *** was chosen as the study area,and the technique of principal component analysis(PCA) was used.A spatial regression method was also applied for quantitative explanation of the thermal *** Landsat thematic mapper images were used to quantify potential causing *** the eigenvalues of each factor and its relationship with land surface temperature,the first three principal components(PCs) are regarded as the main causative factors explaining the mechanism as independent *** first three PCs mainly reflect urban construction,road density and the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),*** least squares,spatial lag and spatial error regression models were established separately for the relationships between the first three PCs and land surface temperature(LST).In the two spatial regression models,z-statistics for both the spatial lag parameter(ρ) and spatial residual parameter(λ) are significant,indicating the necessity of using spatial regression to replace the OLS regression model,as well as indicating that the spatial error regression model is superior to the spatial lag regression ***,the normalized difference built-up index(NDBI) and road density are the most significant positive contributions to LST.

关键词： Urban thermal environment Drive mechanism Spatial regression beijing

Using remote sensing to research beijing wetlands dynamics

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2006年第Z2期49卷 97-107页

作者： ZHAO Wenji, GONG Zhaoning, GONG Huili, LI Xiaojuan, ZHANG Songmei & LI Jing key lab of resource {3. and gis of beijing, Capital Normal University, beijing 100037, china Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 13.012, china College of resources Science and Technology, beijing Normal University, beijing 100875, china Capital Normal Univ Key Lab Resource Environm Beijing 100037 Peoples R China Capital Normal Univ GIS Beijing Beijing 100037 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci NE Inst Geog & Agroecol Changchun 130012 Peoples R China beijing Normal Univ Coll Resources Sci & Technol Beijing 100875 Peoples R China

In beijing, where wetlands are important to municipal freshwater conservation and biodiversity retention, three different types of wetlands were identified: riverside wetlands, wetlands surrounding lakes and reservoirs, and wetlands in municipal *** sensing technology was applied in combination with field investigations to monitor and analyze the changes in these wetlands, and a combination of fusion technologies,Landsat TM/ETM+ and IKONOS imaging, was used to investigate and map them. This study indicates that not only have wetland areas been reduced by half, but also their ecological environments have been degraded because of rapid economic development and population increase. Suggestions based on this research are made to reconstruct the ecological environment of the wetlands and return them to their previous state.

关键词： beijing, wetland resource, remote sensing technology, ecological environment, dynamics.

Study on attribute characterization for reservoir dynamic monitoring by seismic

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 218-225页

作者： CHEN XiaoHong1,3.LI JingYe2,3.& ZHAO Wei4 1 key lab of Geophysical Exploration of CNPC,china Petroleum University,{3. 102249,china 2 Basin & Reservoir Research Center,china Petroleum University,{3. 102249,china 3.State key laboratory of Petroleum resource and Prospecting,china University of Petroleum,{3. 102249,china 4 Research Center of CNOOC,{3. 100027,china key lab of Geophysical Exploration of CNPC China Petroleum University Beijing China State key laboratory of Petroleum resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing China Basin & Reservoir Research Center China Petroleum University Beijing China Research Center of CNOOC Beijing China

Study on characterizing reservoir parameters dynamic variations by time-lapse seismic attributes is the theoretical basis for effectively distinguishing reservoir parameters variations and conducting time-lapse seismic interpretation,and it is also a key step for time-lapse seismic application in real oil fields. Based on the rock physical model of unconsolidated sandstone,the different effects of oil saturation and effective pressure variations on seismic P-wave and S-wave velocities are calculated and analyzed. Using numerical simulation on decoupled wave equations,the responses of seismic amplitude with different offsets to reservoir oil saturation variations are analyzed,pre-stack time-lapse seismic attributes differences for oil saturation and effective pressure variations of P-P wave and P-S converted wave are calculated,and time-lapse seismic AVO (Amplitude Versus Offset) response rules of P-P wave and P-S converted wave to effective pressure and oil saturation variations are compared. The theoretical modeling study shows that it is feasible to distinguish different reservoir parameters dynamic variations by pre-stack time-lapse seismic information,including pre-stack time-lapse seismic attributes and AVO information,which has great potential in improving time-lapse seismic interpreta-tion precision. It also shows that the time-lapse seismic response mechanism study on objective oil fields is especially important in establishing effective time-lapse seismic data process and interpreta-tion scheme.

关键词： time-lapse seismic dynamic monitoring rock physical model pre-stack attribute Amplitude Versus Offset (AVO)