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Development of ancestors' cultivation revealed in phytolith assemblages from Guangfulin relics

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第3期48卷 287-290页

作者： ZHANG Yulan1,2, ZHANG Minbin1 & SONG Jian3.1. Key Laboratory of Marine Geology of the Ministry of Education, Tongji University, shanghai 200092, china 2. State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East china Normal University, shanghai 200062, china 3. shanghai museum, shanghai 200003. china Key Laboratory of Marine Geology of the Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China shanghai museum Shanghai 200003 China

shanghai museum has got great achievements in re-excavating Guangfulin relics. It is the first time that the cultural remains of Wangyoufang type is found above the Liangzhu cultural remains which comes from East Henan Province, providing previous materials for researching cul-ture evolution around Taihu Lake. Samples were taken from the immature soil layer and cultural layers of Guangfulin relics for phytolith analysis. According to the systemic re-search for the archaeological remains and phytolith fossil, the phytoliths in Guangfulin relics can be divided into four zones. The development of rice agriculture and living condi-tion of Guangfulin ancestors was discussed based on the ex-isting rice fan-shaped phytolith, rice shell phytolith, diatom fossil and archaeology evidence in the same layer. The Guangfulin relics has gradually developed since a high sea level 5000 years ago, and the broad rice agriculture has si-multaneously developed. The newly re-excavated relics pro-vides valuable materials for the research of ancestors and ancient culture in shanghai.

关键词：上海 Guangfulin遗址远古农作物植物化石

Study and progress of the thermoluminescence dating of the ancient pottery and porcelain

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2009年第6期52卷 1613-1640页

作者： WANG WeiDa Research Laboratory for Conservation & Archaeology,shanghai museum,shanghai 200050,{3. Research Laboratory for Conservation & Archaeology Shanghai Museum Shanghai China

Two standard methods,the "fine-grain technique" and the "quartz inclusion technique",and a new method,the pre-dose saturation exponential technique in thermoluminescence(TL)dating of ancient pottery and porcelain were reviewed,especially for the measurement of the paleodose and the annual *** two standard methods have been acknowledged in domain of TL dating and are used widely for age determination in archaeology and *** a dating tool the TL technique has been of great success in authentication of ancient ceramic art ***,a few complicated factors limit the precision and accuracy in age *** complicated factors are analyzed and ***,although ceramic TL dating can in general solve the problem of authentication of ancient ceramics,there are still complexities that require further research and study.

关键词： thermoluminescence dating pottery porcelain

Thermal activation and radiation quenching characteristics and their application to the pre-dose dating of porcelain

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2009年第2期52卷 324-331页

作者： WANG WeiDa Research Laboratory for Conservation & Archaeology, shanghai museum, shanghai 200050, {3. Research Laboratory for Conservation & Archaeology Shanghai Museum Shanghai China

The pre-dose technique is important for thermoluminescence (TL) dating of porcelain. The principle of pre-dose dating is based on two characteristics: thermal activation and radiation quenching of the porcelain. Based on these principles, two measurement methods, "the activation method" and "the quenching method", respectively, have been developed for evaluation of the porcelain paleodose. The paleodose values obtained are the same for the ages in the range of 100―1000 a BP for porcelains measured by these two methods. But for dating at lower age limits (less than 100 a BP), the activation method is more accurate; conversely, at higher age limits (greater than 1000 a BP) the quenching method is more accurate. In addition, two specific calculating methods are described for a few porce-lains having anomalous activation and quenching characteristics that make these two methods invalid.

关键词： porcelain thermoluminescence dating pre-dose technique thermal activation radiation quenching

Evaluation for the paleodose in thermoluminescence dating of porcelain

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2008年第3期51卷 260-267页

作者： WANG WeiDa Research Laboratory for Conservation & Archaeology, shanghai museum, shanghai 200050, {3. Research Laboratory for Conservation & Archaeology Shanghai Museum Shanghai China

Sources, components and calibration of paleodose were studied for proper evalua- tion of the paleodose of porcelain in thermoluminescence (TL) dating. In the TL dating of porcelain using the pre-dose technique, the β dose from the internal natural radiation in the body of porcelain is the first, the environmental dose the second, and the α dose negligible. Sample thickness of 0.2―0.5 mm was used in the paleodose calibration. For a porcelain sample of such thickness, the distribu- tion of β dose inside the sample was nonlinear when the sample (aluminium re- places porcelain in this experiment) was irradiated by a laboratory 90Sr-90Y β source. Therefore, the β dose used was only an average value. A distribution curve of β dose and the calculation of average β dose in the sample were obtained, according to the build-up and attenuation effects of β dose in the sample. The results showed that a sample thickness of 200 μm resulted in an average dose increment of about 4% compared to the surface whereas for a sample with a thickness of 400 μm, the average dose reduced by the same percentage, and that for a sample of 3.0 μm in thickness the average dose is equal to surface dose approximately. The average β dose in samples with various thickness can be obtained by the provided equations.

关键词： thermoluminescence dating porcelain paleodose build-up attenuation average beta dose

PIXE and INAA studies on ancient potteries from Guangfulin relics in shanghai

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第11期17卷 1348-1356页

作者： Lin Jiawei1, Cheng Huansheng1, Zhang Zhengquan1, Zhang Bin1, Feng Songlin2, Song Jian3. Gao Menghe4 and Zhu Dan1(1. Applied Ion Beam Physics Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, shanghai 20043., china 2. Key Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Techniques, Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 10003., china {3., shanghai 200003. china 4. Department of Cultural Heritage and Museology, Fudan University, shanghai 20043., china) Applied Ion Beam Physics Laboratory Institute of Modern Physics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Techniques Institute of High Energy Physics Beijing 100039 China shanghai museum Shanghai 200003 China Department of Cultural Heritage and Museology Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China

This paper reports the study of ancient potteries unearthed from the Guangfulin site in shanghai. From the external features of these potteries, archeologists can classify them into two different cultural types: Liangzhu culture (local culture) and a new culture which might be derived elsewhere, but they can not recognize whether they were produced in the same place. Proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) were used to measure the chemical compositions of the samples and the results were analyzed using multivariate statistics. We found that the two methods can complement each other and their database can be mutually referenced in the study of ancient potteries. Experimental results show that the compositions of the potteries from the two cultural types are different, which means that the materials for ancient potteries of new culture originate from elsewhere. This supports the archaeologists’ speculation that a group of ancient people migrated to shanghai from some other places 4000 years ago.

关键词： PIXE INAA factor analysis Guangfulin ancient pottery

Superconductivity of small metal grains

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2005年第4期48卷 431-441页

作者： ZHENG Renrong1 CHEN Zhiqian2 & ZHU Shunquan1,3.1. Department of Physics, shanghai Normal University, shanghai 20023., china 2. Department of Physics, Southwest Normal University, Chongqing 400715, china 3. Department of Computer and Electric Technology, shanghai Business School, shanghai 201400, china Department of Physics Shanghai Normal University Shanghai China Department of Physics Southwest Normal University Chongqing China Department of Computer and Electric Technology Shanghai Business School Shanghai China

The formulas of the energy gap and superconducting critical temperature appropriate for systems with both odd and even number of electrons are derived; the bases of the derivations are BCS theory and energy level statistics. Numerical results qualitatively agree with the experimental phenomena. i.e., the superconductivity of small metallic grains will first enhance then decrease to zero when the grain are getting smaller and smaller. The calculations indicate that the above phenomena happen in the metallic grains belonging to Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble (GOE) and Gaussian Unitary ensemble (GUE) with zero spin; The superconductivity of small metallic grains in Gaussian Symplectic Ensemble (GSE) will monotonically decrease to zero with the decreasing of the grain size. The analyses suggest that the superconductivity enhancements come from pairing and the balance of the strengths between spin-orbital coupling and external magnetic field. In order to take the latter into account, it is necessary to include the level statistics given by Random Matrix Theory (RMT) in describing small metallic grains.

关键词： size effect, superconductivity enhancements, small metallic grains.

EMMA:An Efficient Massive Mapping Algorithm Using Improved Approximate Mapping Filtering

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2006年第12期38卷 857-864页

作者： Xin ZHANG~1 Zhi-Wei CAO~2 Zhi-Xin LIN~3.Qing-Kang WANG~1* Yi-Xue LI~4 1 Institute of Micro/Nano Science and Technology,shanghai Jiaotong University,shanghai 20003.,china 2 shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology,shanghai 20023.,china 3.College of Life Science and Technology,shanghai Jiaotong University,shanghai 20003.,china 4 Bioinformation Center of shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,shanghai 20003.,china Institute of Micro/Nano Science and Technology Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200030 China shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology Shanghai 200235 China College of Life Science and Technology Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200030 China Bioinformation Center of shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031 China

Efficient massive mapping algorithm (EMMA),an algorithm on efficiently mapping massivecDNAs onto genomic sequences,has recently been *** process of mapping massive cDNAsonto genomic sequences has been improved using more approximate mapping filtering based on an enhancedsuffix array coupled with a pruned fast hash table,algorithms of block alignment extensions,and *** compared with the classical BLAT software in this field,the computing of EMMA ranges fromtwo to forty-one times faster under similar prediction precisions.

关键词： cDNA mapping maximal exact match enhanced suffix array pruned fast hash table extension algorithm

Direct CP violation in hadronic B decays

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2006年第3期49卷 357-366页

作者： HONG Bihai1,2 & Lü Caidian3.1. Department of Physics, Lishui University, Lishui 3.3.00,china 2. Department of Physics, shanghai Jiaotong University, shanghai 20003., china 3. Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049,china Department of Physics Lishui University Lishui China Department of Physics Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai China Institute of High Energy Physics Beijing China

There are different approaches for the hadronic B decay calculations, recently. In this paper, we upgrade three of them, namely factorization, QCD factorization and the perturbative QCD approach based on kT factorization, using new parameters and full wave functions. Although they get similar results for many of the branching ratios, the direct CP asymmetries predicted by them are different, which can be tested by recent experimental measurements of B factories.

关键词： CP violation hadronic B decay factorization.

CO observations of massive star forming regions at different evolutionary phases

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2006年第5期49卷 626-640页

作者： CHEN Xi1,2, XU Ye1,3. SHEN Zhiqiang1,3.& LI Jingjing1,2 1. shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, shanghai 20003., china 2. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10003., china 3. Joint Institute for Galaxy and Cosmology, shanghai Astronomical Observatory and the University of Science and Technology of china, shanghai 20003., china shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Joint Institute for Galaxy and Cosmology Shanghai Astronomical Observatory and the University of Science and Technology of China Shanghai China

The 12CO (J=1-0), 13.O (J=1-0) and C18O (J=1-0) emissions in 9 massive star forming regions, which are believed to be at different stages of massive star formation, were mapped with the 13.7 m millimeter wave telescope at Qinghai Station of Purple Mountain Observatory. Of the observed 9 sources, 13.O cores were detected in seven of them, and C18O cores in five of them. And only two sources associated with C18O cores and H2O masers showed the extended structures and strong outflows. This is the first detection of outflow associated with IRAS 22566+5828 in the observing field of S152/S153. The physical parameters of cores and outflows for these sources, derived from Local Thermal Equilibrium (LTE) analysis, are presented. These observing results suggest that the C18O cores will only appear when the gas density is high enough and the probability to have an outflow is very high when the clumps show the C18O and H2O maser simulta- neously.

关键词： star formation cloud core outflow H2O maser