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Process optimization of reaction of acid leaching residue of asbestos tailing and sodium hydroxide aqueous solution

Science china(Technological sciences) 2009年第1期52卷 204-209页

作者： DU GaoXiang1,3. ZHENG ShuiLin2 & DING Hao1 1 school of Materials Science and Technology, china university of geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083. {3. 2 school of Chemical and Environment Engineering, {3. university of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083. {3. 3.Hebei Qinghe Refractory Group Co. Ltd., Xingtai 054804, {3. 1. school of Materials Science and Technology China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing 100083 China 3. Hebei Qinghe Refractory Group Co. Ltd. Xingtai 054804 China 2. school of Chemical and Environment Engineering China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing) Beijing 100083 China

Silica is the major component of the acid leaching residue of asbestos tailing. The waterglass solution can be prepared by the reaction of the residue with sodium hydroxide aqueous solution. Compared to the high temperature reaction method, this process is environmental friendly and low cost. In this paper, the reaction process of the residue and the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is optimized. The optimum reaction process parameters are as follows: the usage of sodium hydroxide is 26.4 g/100 g acid leaching residue, the reaction temperature is 90℃, the reaction time is 1 h, and the ratio of the liquid/solid is 2.0. The significance sequence of the process parameters to the alkali leaching reaction effect is the usage of sodium hydroxide > the ratio of the liquid/solid > the reaction time > the reaction temperature. The significance sequence to the leaching ratio of SiO2 is the ratio of the liquid/solid > the usage of sodium hydroxide > the reaction time > the reaction temperature. The significance sequence to the modulus of the sodium silicate is the ratio of the liquid/solid > the usage of sodium hydroxide > the reaction time > the reaction temperature. Under the optimum conditions, the leaching ratio of the SiO2 is 77.5%, and the modulus of the sodium silicate is 3.15. The XRD analysis result indicates that the major components of the alkali leaching residue are serpentine, talc, quartz and some albite.

关键词： asbestos tailing acid leaching residue sodium hydroxide process optimization

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Genomics,metagenomics,and microbial oceanography—A sea of opportunities

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Science china earth sciences 2011年第4期54卷 473-480页

作者： FANG JiaSong 1,2 &ZHANG Li 3.1 State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology,Tongji university,Shanghai 200092,china 2 College of Natural and Computational sciences,Hawaii Pacific university,Kaneohe,HI 96744,USA 3.tate Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral resources,Faculty of earth sciences,china university of geosciences,Wuhan 43.074,china 1. State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China2. College of Natural and Computational Sciences Hawaii Pacific University Kaneohe HI 96744 USA3. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China

Microbial oceanography is an emerging discipline resulted from the interaction,cross-fertilization and integration of life science and ocean *** oceanography integrates the principles of marine microbiology,microbial ecology and oceanography to study the role of microorganisms in the biogeochemical dynamics of natural marine *** application of genomics tools to study marine microbes is resulting in rapid advancements in microbial oceanography that has important implications in global carbon cycle,climate change,and ecosystem *** we review the application of genomics and metagenomics in microbial oceanography and suggest future directions in microbial oceanography research.

关键词： microbial oceanography genomics metagenomics genes biomass bacteria archaea eukarya phylogeny physiology metabolism ecology biogeochemistry microbiology ecosystem function

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Garnet-bearing Granulite Facies Rock Xenoliths from Late Mesozoic Volcaniclastic Breccia, Xinyang, Henan Province

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2001年第4期75卷 445-451页

作者： ZHENG Jianping, SUN Min, LU Fengxiang, WANG Chunyangand ZHONG Zengqiu Faculty of earth sciences, china university of geosciences, Wuhan 43.074, {3. Department of earth sciences, The university of Hong Kong, {3. Faculty of earth sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China Department of earth sciences The University of Hong Kong China [?]3.heng Jianping Born in 1964 graduated from the china university of geosciences (Wuhan) with a PhD degree in 1997 mainly engaged in teaching and scientific researches on petrology and chemical geodynamics. E-mail: jpzheng@***.

This paper presents the primary results of petrologic, mineralogical and petrochemical studies of garnet-bearing granulite facies rock xenoliths from Xinyang, Henan Province. These xenoliths, which are found in a pipe of late Mesozoic volcaniclastic breccia, are of high density (3.13.3.3. g/cm3. and high seismic velocity (Vp = 7.04–7.3. km/s), being products of underplating of basaltic magmas and had experienced granulite facies metamorphism. The underplating and metamorphism took place before the eruption of the host rock. Petrographical studies and equilibrium T-P calculations show that these xenoliths were captured at a 49 km depth and experienced at least a 16 km uplift before they were captured. The dynamics of the uplift could be related to the continent-continent collision between the North china plate and the Yangtze plate during the Triassic.

关键词： granulite facies mafic rock xenolith uplift Xinyang

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SHRIMP U-Pb dating and Hf isotopic analyses of Middle Ordovician meta-cumulate gabbro in central Qiangtang, northern Tibetan Plateau

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Science china earth sciences 2010年第5期53卷 657-664页

作者： ZHAI QingGuo1 WANG Jun1, LI Cai2 & SU Li3.1 Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological sciences, Beijing 10003., china 2 College of earth sciences, Jilin university, Changchun 13.061, china 3.The Geological Laboratory Center and State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral resources, china university of Geo- sciences, Beijing 100083. china 1. Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China2. College of Earth Sciences Jilin University Changchun 130061 China3. The Geological Laboratory Center and State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

Metabasites consisting of metamorphic ultra-mafic rocks, cumulate gabbro, gabbro (diabase), basalt, and plagiogranite are exposed at the Taoxinghu area in central Qiangtang, northern Tibetan Plateau. Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating for the cumulate gabbro yields a weighted mean age of 467±4 Ma, which is the oldest and most reliable magmatic age in this area. Zircon 176Hf/177Hf ratios range from 0.282615 to 0.282657, with εHf(t) values of 5.02±0.28, indicating that the cumulate gabbro was mainly derived from the depleted mantle. In addition, geochemical data of metabasites suggest that they have similar characteristics to those in the mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB). The Taoxinghu metabasites may represent the fragment of Early Paleozoic ophiolite in the "Central Uplift" of the Qiangtang, northern Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： Qiangtang cumulate gabbro SHRIMP dating Hf isotope

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Experimental study of ore gabbro liquid immiscibility

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Science china earth sciences 2005年第4期48卷 496-505页

作者： SANG Zunan1,2, XIA Bin1, ZHOU Yongsheng3.& JIN Zhenmin4 1. Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of sciences, Guangzhou 510640, china 2. Wuhan university, Wuhan 43.072, china 3. Institute of Geology, china Seismological Bureau, Beijing 100029, china 4. Faculty of earth sciences, china university of geosciences, Wuhan 43.074, china 1. Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 510640 Guangzhou China 2. Wuhan university 430072 Wuhan China 3. Institute of Geology China Seismological Bureau 100029 Beijing China 4. Faculty of earth sciences China University of Geosciences 430074 Wuhan China

In this paper, the authors present the results of a preliminary experimental study on partial melting of fine-grained gabbro, Panzhihua, Sichuan Province, china. Experiments were conducted under (confining) pressure ranging from 450 to 500 MPa and temperature of 900— 12.0℃. The results show that the initial melt is distributed along grain boundaries and triple junctions. Liquid immiscibility phenomena are noted in the melt with two compositional different melt phases, i.e. matrix and sphere phases. The matrix phase is relatively rich in Si, Al and K, and is depleted in Mg, Fe, Ca, Na and Ti, whereas the sphere phase shows opposite trends. The calculation of the melt free energy indicates that the liquid immiscibility is governed by the rule of thermodynamics, as the liquid immiscibility would result in the decrease in free energy of the melt system. The field relationships suggest that the liquid immiscibility may have played an important role in the generation of ore magma of Panzhihua V-Ti magnetite ore deposit. This study thus provides experimental constraints on the mechanism of the formation of V-Ti magnetite deposite.

关键词： partial melting, experimental study, gabbro, liquid immiscibility, ore formation mechanism.

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Analytical method of Cr stable isotope and its application to water pollution survey

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第7期55卷 664-669页

作者： GAO YongJuan 1,2,3.MA Teng 4,5,LING WenLi 1,2,LIU CunFu 4,5 & LI Li 4,5 1Faculty of earth Science,china university of {3.,Wuhan 43.074,china 2State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral resources,china university of {3.,Wuhan 43.074,china 3.Graduate school,china university of {3.,Wuhan 43.074,china 4 Biogeological and Environmental Geology Laboratory of Ministry of Education(china university of {3.) ,Wuhan 43.074,china 5 Sino-Hungary Joint Laboratory of Environmental sciences and Health,china university of {3.,Wuhan 43.074,china Faculty of earth Science China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral resources China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China Graduate school China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China Biogeological and Environmental Geology Laboratory of Ministry of Education (china university of geosciences) Wuhan 430074 China Sino-Hungary Joint Laboratory of Environmental sciences and Health China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China

High Cr(VI) concentration is a potential serious risk to environment and ecologic ***,it is essential to effectively monitor Cr contamination in water systems and scientifically evaluate its evolution trend.A new method of in-situ tracer technique by Cr isotopic analysis for quantitatively estimating Cr-contamination and its regional evolution in natural waters as well as a case application are reported in this *** on documented literatures,an experimental procedure for chemical separation and purification of Cr in water samples and its analytical method for Cr isotopic measurement by thermal ionization mass spectrometry(TIMS) are *** samples collected around a chemical factory in Hubei Province were analyzed by this *** samples showδ53.r values ranging from-1.7‰to 7.3.and an elevating trend with an increasing in distance from the sampling site to pollution source.A functional correlation following Rayleigh fractionation law was established between sample'sδ53.r value and its extent of Cr *** study suggests that Cr isotopic analysis is an effective method to reveal the spatial distribution and its evolution trend of Cr contamination in the regional water *** is thus helpful to assessing the self-purifying ability of local water system according to Cr isotopic fractionation.

关键词：铬(VI) 水污染调查稳定同位素应用同位素分析供水系统演变趋势示踪技术

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Exploring the deep biosphere

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Science china earth sciences 2011年第2期54卷 157-165页

作者： FANG JiaSong1,2 & ZHANG Li3.1 State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji university, Shanghai 200092, china 2 College of Natural and Computational sciences, Hawaii Pacific university, Kaneohe, HI 96744, USA 3.State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral resources, Faculty of earth sciences, china university of geosciences, Wuhan 43.074, china 1. State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China2. College of Natural and Computational Sciences Hawaii Pacific University Kaneohe HI 96744 USA3. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China

Over the past two decades, scientific drilling into sediments and rocks in the ocean and the continent has revealed the presence of physiologically and phylogenetically complex microbial life in the deep subsurface. Microorganisms, most of which have no cultured or known relatives in the surface biosphere, have been discovered in sediments and rock at depth as deep as 1 km below the seafloor and more than 3.km deep in the continent. The deep biosphere probably represents the most voluminous part of the global biosphere and may constitute as much as 50% of the earth’s biomass. In this article, we review the current knowledge of and most recent advances in studying the deep biosphere and suggest directions in future research.

关键词： deep biosphere Thomas Gold microorganism biomass DNA ribosome ODP CARD-FISH dark energy lipids serpentinization

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^(40)Ar-^(3.)Ar and U-Pb ages of metadiorite from the East Kunlun Orogenic Belt: Evidence for Early-Paleozoic magmatic zone and excess argon in amphibole minerals

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第4期46卷 330-333页

作者： CHEN Nengsong, SUN Min, ZHANG Kexin & ZHU YunhaiFaculty of earth sciences, china university of geosciences, Wuhan 43.074, {3. Department of earth sciences, The university of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, {3. Faculty of earth sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan China Department of earth sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China

Single-grain zircon U-Pb and amphibole 40Ar-3.Ar dating have been conducted on a deformed and metamorphosed diorite in the East Kunlun Orogenic Belt, which intruded into the middle Proterozoic Kuhai Group exposed in the south of Xiangride region, Dulan County, NW Qinghai Province. The zircon gives a concordant U-Pb age of (446.5±9.1) Ma. The amphibole yields Ar plateau age of (488.0±1.2) Ma and an isochronal age of (488.9±5.6) Ma. Age results of both stepwise released Ar and conventional K-Ar analysis are remarkably higher than that of zircon U-Pb, suggesting that the amphibole contains excess argon and the amphibole plateau age cannot be taken as the timing of metamorphism or deformation. The zircon age is interpreted to be crystallization age of the diorite pluton, which suggests that an Early-Paleozoic magmatic zone indeed existed in the East Kunlun Orogenic Belt stretching along the region south to the Golmud, Normuhong and Xiangride.

关键词： East Kunlun Orogenic Belt metadiorite geochronology excess argon.

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Evolutionary patterns of Productida (Brachiopoda) morphology during the Permian in South china

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Science china earth sciences 2008年第11期51卷 1589-1600页

作者： ZHANG Yang1 & HE WeiHong1,2 1 Faculty of earth sciences, china university of geosciences, Wuhan 43.074, {3. 2 Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology of Ministry of Education, china university of geosciences, Wuhan 43.074, {3. 1. Faculty of earth sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China 2. Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology of Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China

The evolutionary patterns of Productida (brachiopod) morphology throughout the Permian show that while the percentage proportion of Productida (brachiopod) with strongly concentric and radial ornamentation declined from the Cisuralian to the Guadalupian, and then increased towards the Changhsingian via Wuchiapingian, the percentage proportion of Productida (brachiopod) with fine concentric and radial ornamentation distinctly increased from the Cisuralian to the Guadalupian, slightly declined towards the Wuchiapingian, and then increased towards the Changhsingian. From the Cisuralian to the Changhsingian, the percentage proportion of brachiopods with spinose ornamentation shows a persistent declining trend. The shell size generally indicates a miniaturization trend at species level during the Wuchiapingian to Changhsingian (including the transitional bed). These evolutionary patterns of brachiopod ornamentation and size are possibly related to the anoxia, food shortage, sea-level fluctuation, and change of substrate in the Permian (including the Permian-Triassic transitional interval) in South china.

关键词： brachiopod ornamentation size Permian South china

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Progress and review of the studies on the end-Triassic mass extinction event

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Science china earth sciences 2005年第12期48卷 2049-2060页

作者： DENG Shenghui1,2, LU Yuanzheng1,2,3.& XU Daoyi4 1. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083. china 2. Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir of Petrochina, Beijing 100083. china 3. china university of geosciences, Beijing 100083. china 4. Institute of Geology, china earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, china 1. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development 100083 Beijing China 2. Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir of Petrochina 100083 Beijing China 3. china university of geosciences 100083 Beijing China 4. Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration 100029 Beijing China

The mass extinction at the end-Triassic is one of the five biggest in the Phanerozoic. However,it is the least well understood among these five events, and only till last decade it became a great academic interesting subject to geologists. The evidences for this event come obviously from bivalves, brachiopods, ammonites, corals, radiolaria, ostracods and foraminifera of marine habitats, and plants and tetrapods of terrestrial realm. By contrast, for some of other groups, such as marine gastropods and marine vertebrates, no mass extinction has been recog-nized yet. The extinction event is strongly marked at specific level but shown a complicated situa-tion at generic and family levels. Dramatic changing of the environment, such as the temperature raise due to the greenhouse effect, the marine anoxic habitats caused by a sudden transgression after the regression at the end of Triassic, has been claimed to be the main cause of the extinction. Many hypotheses have been suggested to demonstrate the mechanisms of the environment changing, among which two popular ones are the bolide impact and volcanic eruption. The Triassic-Jurassic (Tr-J) boundary mass extinction event is still poorly understood because no enough data have been obtained from the Tr-J boundary successional sections of both marine and terrestrial sediments, and most of these studies were regionally restricted. The basic aspects of the event and its associated environmental conditions remain poorly characterized and the causal mechanism or mechanisms are equivocal. Some authors even doubt its occurrence. china has many successionally developed terrestrial and marine Tr-J sections. Detailed studies of these sections may be important and significant for well understanding of the event.

关键词： progress, review, end-Triassic, mass extinction, mechanism, Tr-J boundary.

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