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Distributed optimization using virtual and real game strategies for multi-criterion aerodynamic design

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2008年第11期51卷 1939-1956页

作者： TANG ZhiLi1, BAI Wen2.& DONG Jun3.1 College of Aerospace Engineering, nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, nanjing 2.0016, china 2.{3. Aeronautics Computation Technique Research institute, Xi’an 710068, china 3.{3. Aerodynamic Research institute on Aeronautics, Shenyang 11003., china College of Aerospace Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics Nanjing China chinese Aeronautics Computation Technique Research institute Xi’an China chinese Aerodynamic Research institute on Aeronautics Shenyang China

This paper introduces the virtual and real game concepts to investigate multi-criterion optimization for optimum shape design in aerodynamics. The constrained adjoint meth- odology is used as the basic optimizer. Furthermore, the above is combined with the vir- tual and real game strategies to treat single-point/multi-point airfoil optimization. In a symmetric Nash Game, each optimizer attempts to optimize one’s own target with ex- change of symmetric information with others. A Nash equilibrium is just the compromised solution among the multiple criteria. Several kinds of airfoil splitting and design cases are shown for the utility of virtual and real game strategies in aerodynamic design. Successful design results confirm the validity and efficiency of the present design method.

关键词： multi-criterion optimization Nash equilibrium virtual game real game aerodynamics distributed computing

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Science china Chemistry 2004年第6期47卷 466-479页

作者： SONG Huajie1,2. XIAO Heming1 & DONG Haishan2.1. Department of Chemistry, nanjing University of Science and Technology, nanjing 2.0094,{2. 2. {3. of Chemical Materials,{2. academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 62.900,{2. Department of Chemistry Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing China institute of Chemical Materials China Academy of Engineering Physics Mianyang China

The symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT) that has the ability in decompo- sition of the total interaction energy into physically meaningful components is used to provide a more fundamental understanding of intermolecular forces. This work was motivated by the diffi- culty of standard SAPT in computing the intermolecular interactions for large energetic dimer systems. SAPT based on Kohn-Sham orbitals (SAPT(DFT)) proves computationally efficient for these large systems, but has been shown to perform poorly for interaction energy components. The deficiencies of SAPT(DFT) result from wrong asymptotical behaviors of commonly used exchange-correlation potentials. To remove the deficiencies, two asymptotic corrections by means of van Leeuwen and Baerends (LB) model potential and Fermi-Amaldi (FA) type potential were applied into three small test systems comprising He2. HF2.and (N2.2.and a set of larger ni- tramide dimers at several separations. The results showed that when utilizing newly developed frequency-dependent density susceptibilities (FDDS) technique for computing dispersion energy, the FA asymptotic correction is very effective to circumvent these deficiencies in SAPT(DFT) and yields a good accuracy over the LB correction. The FA corrected SAPT(DFT) approach is capa- ble of correctly predicting all the quantitative trends in binding energies for all test cases and substantially reduces computational cost as compared with the standard SAPT calculations. The successful application of the approach to nitramide dimer demonstrates that it potentially pro- vides a good means to calculate accurately intermolecular forces in larger system such as en- ergetic systems.

关键词： intermolecular interaction, density functional theory (DFT), symmetry adapted perturbation theory (SAPT), asymptotic correction, frequency-dependent density susceptibilities (FDDS).

Influence of interannual variability of Antarctic oscillation on mei-yu along the Yangtze and Huaihe River valley and its importance to prediction

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chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第S2期48卷 61-67页

作者： GAO Hui~(1,2., XUE Feng~1 WANG Huijun~1 1. institute of Atmospheric Physics, chinese {2. of Sciences, Beijing 10002.,{3. 2. Department of Atmospheric Sciences, nanjing institute of Meteorology, nanjing 2.0044.{3. chinese Acad Sci Inst Atmospher Phys Beijing 100029 Peoples R China nanjing Inst Meteorol Dept Atmospher Sci Nanjing 210044 Peoples R China

Both correlation analysis and case study indi-cate that Antarctic oscillation (AAO) is closely related withsummer rainfall in eastern china. When AAO is stronger inboreal spring, especially in May, there is more mei-yu rain-fall in summer with a longer period along the Yangtze andHuaihe River valley. In contrast, there is less rainfall with ashorter period corresponding to a weaker AAO. Besides, ananomalous AAO changes the position and intensity of severalcirculation systems, which are important to summer rainfallalong the Yangtze and Huaihe River valley. Furthermore, theAntarctic sea ice is negatively correlated with the intensity ofAAO with a 6-month leading time. The result in this studyprovides a new method for the prediction of mei-yu.

关键词： Antarctic oscillation interannual variability mei-yu Antarctic sea ice.

Geomorphologic evidence of phased uplift of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau since 14 million years ago

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第9期47卷 822-833页

作者： LU Huayu1, WANG Xiaoyong1, AN Zhisheng1, MIAO Xiaodong1, ZHU Rixiang3. MA Haizhou2. LI Zhen4, TAN Hongbing2.& WANG Xianyan1 1. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, institute of Earth Environment, {2. academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710075{3. 2. Qinghai institute of Salt Lakes, {2. academy of Sciences. Xining 810008,{3. 3. institute of Geology and Geophysics, {2. academy of Sciences, Beijing 10002.,{3. 4. Department of geography, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008,{3. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an China institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Qinghai institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining China Department of geography Qinghai Normal University Xining China

A typical sequence of fluvial terraces and aeolian deposits overlying these ter- races were multidisciplinary investigated. New evidences for uplift process of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in the past 14 million years were obtained. At least 11 river terraces along Huangshui, the first-class tributary of Yellow River, at the Xining-Huzhu region are identi- fied. While the first one (T1) is classified as an accumulation terrace, the others are all basement river terraces, which consist of the Tertiary sandstone and siltstone bedrock, fluvial gravel and pebbles and the overlying aeolian loess-Red Clay deposit. Samples from the aeolian deposits were examined for paleomagnetic stratigraphic reconstruction (103. samples), luminescence dating (16 samples), magnetic susceptibility and grain-size distribution (more than 4000 sam- ples). The luminescence dating and stratigraphic correlation suggest that terraces of Tll, T10, T8, T7, T3. T2. T1 were formed at 14, 11.3. 1.55, 1.2. 0.15, 0.07 and 0.01 million years ago, re- spectively. Sedimentological analysis and geomorphological observation indicate that formation and evolution of these terraces were mainly driven by tectonic uplift. Therefore, the terrace se- quence provides an ideal geological record, of the uplift process of the northeastern during the past 14 million years, and the timings of the terraces formation are regarded as the timings of tectonic uplift. The significant uplifting events took place at 14, 11.3. 1.2.and 0.15 mil- lion years ago, respectively. The fluvial incision at the Xining-Huzhu region is less than 100 m during a period of ~12.million years in the Miocene era (between the Tll and T9), while the Huangshui River had incised 43. m during the past 1.2.million years (from T7 to the present floodplain). The river incision process clearly demonstrates that accelerated rising of the north- eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau during the late Cenozoic, and provides new evidence of previous thoughts

关键词： river terrace, tectonic uplift, loess-Red Clay, the past 14 million years, northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Ultra-microbes are the minerogenetic constructors of oceanic polymetallic nodules

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chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第8期42卷 617-624页

作者： CHEN Jianlin, ZHANG Fusheng and BIAN Lizeng1 Second institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 3.0012.{2. 2.Center for Materials Analysis, nanjing University, nanjing 2.0093.{2. 3. Department of Earth Sciences, nanjing University, nanjing 2.0093.{2. Second institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Hangzhou China Centu for Materials Analysis Nanjing University Nanjing China Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China

Polymetallic nodules (mangnese nodules) are a typical kind of manganese oncolites The distribution of smooth sur-face and knobbly manganese nodules is closely related to the geological background of the mine field. A systematic study on their inner laminae structure and features suggests that they are the products of millions of years reproduction and accumulation of the recently found Miniactinomyces chinensis and Spirisophaerospora pacijica .

关键词： oceanic manganese nodule stromatolite ultra-microbe biolite.

Geographical Agglomeration of chinese Manufacturing Industries

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中国人口·资源与环境：英文版 2007年第2期5卷 3-11页

作者： Zhang Hua 1, 2. Zheng Wei3.1. institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, {2. academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101,{3. 2. Graduate School of the {2. academy of Sciences, Beijing 10003.,{3. 3. School of geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875,{3. institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China Graduate School of the chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China School of geography Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Based on the plant level data from the First National Census of Basic Units, the Second National Census of Basic Units, and the First National Economic Census of china, this paper ex- amines the geographical agglomeration of chinese manufacturing industries at a more disaggregated level both by industrial classi-fication and spatial unit analysis. Applying the agglomeration index proposed by Maurel and Sedillot, studies show that the most agglomerated industries are resource-intensive, and capital and technology intensive while industries demanding localized inputs or serving localized markets or favored by local governments are fairly dispersed. The more disaggregated industries are more spa- tially agglomerated. At the finer spatial scale, industries are more dispersed. Results indicate that within-county spillovers are stronger than nearby-county spillovers, and within-prefecture spillovers are stronger than nearby prefecture spillovers. Local- ized spillovers are still quite substantial at a range beyond that of counties. Comparing the agglomeration index of chinese manu- facturing industries in 1996, 2.01 and 2.04, agglomeration seems to be a general tendency. Results also indicate that some industries have experienced remarkable changes in their levels of agglom- eration in the period 1996–2.04.

关键词： industrial agglomeration manufacturing industries the MS index

Principal aspects of the Ordovician biotic radiation

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Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第3期53卷 382-394页

作者： ZHANG YuanDong,ZHAN RenBin,FAN JunXuan,CHENG JunFeng & LIU Xiao LPS, nanjing institute of Geology and Palaeontology, {2. {3. of Sciences, nanjing 2.0008, china LPS Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China

The Ordovician radiation is among the major bioevents in earth history that have drawn great attention from geologists all over the world, and there have been hundreds of publications treating various aspects of this radiation. The study of the event involves a broad spectrum of research fields and concerns many scientific questions. Many opinions and hypotheses have been proposed on the triggering and controlling factors of the radiation. Herein the authors critically review the study of the Ordovician radiation and dissect four principal aspects by synthesizing the studies over the past years: (1) relationships of the radiation to fossil clades, ecotypes, and environments, such as water depth, latitude, and climate; (2. the ecological structure and food webs of Ordovician marine organisms; (3. fossil records and true biodiversities; and (4) likely triggering and controlling factors of the Ordovician radiation. The authors also recommend approaches to furthering studies of these aspects.

关键词： Ordovician biotic radiation guild food web fossil record mechanism

Estimation of internal nutrient release in large shallow Lake Taihu, china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第Z1期49卷 38-50页

作者： QIN Boqiang, ZHU Guangwei, ZHANG Lu, LUO Liancong, GAO Guang & GU Binhe nanjing institute of {2. & {3., chinese academy of Sciences, nanjing 2.0008, china Everglades Department, South Florida Water Management District, 3.01 Gun Club Road, West Palm Beach, FL 3.406, USA nanjing institute of {2. & {3. Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China Everglades Department South Florida Water Management District West Palm Beach USA

Based on field investigation of wave, sediment suspension and the changes in nutrient concentration of the water column in Lake Taihu, china, we proposed two release models to quantify nutrient release under static and dynamic conditions, respectively. Under static conditions, nutrient release from sediments to the overlying water mainly depends on chemical diffusion induced by concentration gradient, in which the nutrient release is controlled by the temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration in the sediment-water interface, oxidation-reduction potential and the concentration difference between porewater and overlying water. Under dynamic condition (or disturbed condition),both dissolved and particulate nutrients in sediments are released into the water column because of wind-induced sediment suspension. The amount of nutrient release under dynamic conditions is larger than that under the static condition. The release of dissolved nutrients, however, does not increase because the wind induced turbulence made oxidation of metallic elements such as Fe (ferric iron), Mn which are capable of precipitating soluble reactive phosphate (SRP). Under dynamic conditions, therefore, the release of total phosphorus (TP) increases dramatically but the release of SRP is close to those under static conditions. In sediments of Lake Taihu, high Fe content leads to a high ratio of Fe to P contents in sediments (Fe:P ratio). Under dynamic conditions, therefore, nutrient release is controlled by the intensity of disturbance, sediment consolidation and nutrient content in *** for dissolved nutrients, especially SRP, the release is also controlled by the intensity of dynamic re-oxidation, Fe content in sediments and nutrient concentration gradient between porewater and overlying water. Based on these two release modes, the release flux in Lake Taihu has been estimated. In the static condition (i.e. laboratory experimental condition), total release of NH4+-N for whole lake is ca

关键词： shallow lake, eutrophication, internal loading, sediment, nutrient, dynamic turbulence.

On the evolution and histology of some Cambrian protoconodonts, paraconodonts and primitive euconodonts

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第7期47卷 577-584页

作者： DONG Xiping Department of Geology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, china Laboratory of Palaeobiology & Stratigraphy, nanjing {2. of Ge-ology and Palaeontology, {3. academy of Sciences, nanjing 2.0008, china Department of Geology Peking University Beijing China Laboratory of Palaeobiology & Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China

Previous reports on the morphological evolution of protoconodonts and paraconodonts are reviewed. The evolutionary trends exhibited by species of the protoconodont genus Gapparodus and the paraconodont genus Westergaadodina are discussed. Based on the present study on histology, genus Paibiconus is protoconodont, while genus Yongshunella is paraconodont (fig. 1 (a)). However, the nature of Huayuanodontus has not been fully understood so far. Recently, the transitional form New Gen. Sensu Miller, 1980 of late Late Cambrian has been found in Hunan Province, South china. It is considered as the Sister-Group of Proconodontus. Moreover, another kind of transitional form of middle Late Cambrian and late Late Cambrian between Prooneotodus notundatus and Pnoconodontus, which looks like Prooneotodus notundatus in gross morphology, but has anterior and posterior costae, has also been found in Hunan, South china. This kind of transitional form is believed to be probably the real intermediate link between Prooneotodus rotundatus and Pnoconodontus, and Prooneotodus rotundatus is most probably the ancestor of Proconodontus. The two transitional forms noted above are all euconodonts by the study of their histology. Unlike the euconodonts of Post-Cambrian, the evolutionary relationships among the species of protoconodonts, paraconodonts and the primitive euconodonts could not be made clear without the histological study on them.

关键词： protoconodonts, paraconodonts, evolution, histology, Cambrian.