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AN APPROACH ON SEVERAL PROBLEMS OF china'S URBANIZATION DEVELOPMENT

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 1996年第2期6卷 35-41页

作者： Chen Wen(nanjing institute of {2. & {3., CAS, nanjing 2.0008People’s Republic of china) nanjing Inst of Geogr + limnology CAS Nanjing 210008 China

china, having urique national conditions, is facing a basic contradiction between large numbers of less educated surplus rural labor forces and limited capacities of urban employment and infrastructure on the urbanization ***, the urbanization model should prevail in comprehensive and several ways: (1)On occupational and spatial shift rural surplus labors, two fashions of 'leaving land bot not countryside' and 'leaving both land and countryside' should be integrated with joint effort of cities and countryside. (2. On urbanization motive, urban construction will be invested by not only the govermment (from the upper), but the locality, personnel and foreigners (from the lower). (3. On urban scales, metropolis,large, medium-sized and small cities and towns should play fully their roles to absorb rural surplus lanors. Thereby, the present urban development policy needs to be rectified, which this paper has discussed particularly. (4) On account of great regional disparities in{2., urban development should perform different models in different regions. In addition, this paper has also focused on the problem and its primary countermeasures of 'labor force mass', a hot issue closely related to urbanization and rural labor transfer.

关键词： national conditions urban development model urban development policy,rural labor mass

Pollen records of Holocene vegetation and climate changes in the Longzhong Basin of the chinese Loess Plateau

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第12期17卷 1445-1456页

作者： Tang Lingyu1 and An Chengbang2.1. nanjing institute of Geology and Paleontology, {2. {3. of Sciences, nanjing 2.0008, china 2. Key Laboratory of Western china’s Environment Systems, MOE, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 73.000, china) nanjing institute of Geology and Paleontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Key Laboratory of Western china''s Environment Systems MOE Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China

Pollen records with an average time resolution of 2.-2.0 years from Holocene loess sections at Dingxi, Qin'an, and other localities of Gansu Province reveal a detailed history of vegetation and climate changes in the western Loess Plateau. For most time of the Holocene, the landscape was dominated by grasslands or forest steppes. However, during the middle Holocene (7.5-5.8 ka BP), relatively dense forests developed, and the endemic vegetation flourished, suggesting a much warmer and more humid climate condition than the present. Superimposed upon this general pattern are several dry intervals marked by the episodic expansion of grasslands or forest steppe. Xeric vegetation expanded after 3.8 ka BP, indicating a trend towards dry conditions.

关键词： pollen records glasslands coniferous forests Holocene Loess Plateau.

The role of aerial algae in the formation of the landscape of the Yunnan Stone Forest,Yunnan Province, china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第9期47卷 846-864页

作者： TIAN Youping1,3. ZHANG Jie2. SONG Linhua1 & BAO Haosheng2.1. institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, {2. academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101,{3. 2. Department of geography, nanjing University, nanjing 2.0093.{3. 3. School of Earth Sciences and Resources,{3. University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083.{3. institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing China Department of geography Nanjing University Nanjing China

Aerial algae on the surface of carbonate rocks at the Stone Forest, Shilin County, Yunnan Province, china, and their bioerosion were investigated in the field and studied in the laboratory in detail. Through the observation, identification and statistics of more than one hun- dred algal samples and rock samples with the optical microscopes (stereomicroscope, biological microscope) and the scanning electronic microscope (SEM), the relationships between erosional forms on the surface of the Stone Forest and algae and/or algal communities and the genetic mechanism for the formation of erosional forms were analyzed. It is suggested that aerial algae play an active role in bioerosive processes that may affect the formation of karst erosional forms. These effects include both direct and indirect ones. The direct effect is the initiative control (algal shape-controlling role) of algae on the formation of karst forms of various scales, mostly mi- cro-scale (3.) and minor-scale (10-3.10-1m) erosional forms. The algal shape-controlling roles can be divided into the algal individual shape-controlling role and the algal community shape-controlling role. The former mostly controls the formation of micro-scale erosional forms, while the latter mostly controls the formation of micro-scale and smaller minor-scale erosional forms. The indirect effect refers to the promoting role of algae in the formation of karst forms, which may affect the formation of karst forms of all types and scales. The bioerosion of algae accelerates the weathering process of the whole Stone Forest karst landforms.

关键词： aerial algae, bioerosion, the Stone Forest, Yunnan Province, china.

Isotopic feature and uranium dating of the volcanic rocks in the Okinawa Trough

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中国科学：地球科学英文版 2006年第4期49卷 375-383页

作者： HUANG Peng1,2. LI Anchun1, HU Ningjing2.3. FU Yongtao1& MA Zhibang4 1. institute of Oceanology, {2. academy of Sciences, Qingdao 2.6071,{3. 2. Graduate School of the {2. academy of Sciences, Beijing 10003.,{3. 3. institute of Soil Science, {2. academy of Sciences, nanjing 2.0008,{3. 4. institute of Geology and Geophysics, {2. academy of Sciences, Beijing 10002.,{3. institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao China Graduate School of the chinese academy of Sciences Beijing China institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Volcanic rocks from the northern and middle Okinawa Trough were dated by ura- nium-series dating method. Differential fractions using magnetic procedure were designed to separate samples. New report on the ages and isotopic data of rocks in the northern trough (especially black pumice) was discussed. Based on the uranium dates and Sr-Nd isotopic ratio, magmatic evolution process of the Okinawa Trough was noted. Firstly, there have been wide silicic volcanic activities in the Okinawa Trough from late Pleistocene to present, and the volcanic rocks can be divided into three subgroups. Secondly, magma generally came from PREMA source area under the Okinawa Trough. Magmatic evolution in the northern trough was similar to the middle, but different to the south. Finally, volcanic activities indicated that opening of the southern Okinawa Trough did not happen due to the collision between Luson Arc and Eurasian Plate until the early Pleistocene.

关键词： Okinawa Trough, black pumice, uranium-series dating, Sr-Nd isotopic ratio, magmatic evolution.

A restudy of Oryctocephalus indicus (Reed,1910)

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第11期16卷 1177-1182页

作者： ZHAO Yuanlong~1**, YUAN Jinliang~2. PENG Shanchi~ 2.3., YANG Xinglian~1, PENG Jin~1, LIN Jihpai~4, and GUO Qingjun~5(1. College of Resource and Environment of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550003.{2. 2. nanjing institute of Geology and Palaeontology, {3. academy of Sciences, nanjing 2.0008,{2. 3. State Key Laboratory of Papaeobiology and Stratigraphy, nanjing institute of Geology and Palaeontology, nanjing 2.0008,{2. 4. Department of Geological Science, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43.10, USA 5. institute of Geochemistry, {3. academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002.{2.) College of Resource and Environment of Guizhou University Guiyang 550003 China

Restudy on morphology of Oryctocephalus indicus (Reed, 1910), based on specimens from Guizhou, china and Nevada USA, suggests that the subspecies regarded previously as Oryctocephalus indicus indicus (Reed, 1910), O. indicus latus Zhao et Yuan 2.02. and O. indicus kobayashi Saito, 193., are synonymous, and Oryctocephalus americanus Sundberg et McCollum, 2.03.is a similar form of O. indicus. Oryctocephalus indicus is rediagnosed as having a glabella that is subconical in outline and tapering forward slightly; a thorax that comprises 12.segments, and a small pygidium that bears 2.3.axial rings with a terminal piece and a postaxial ridge. Oryctocephalus indicus is widely distributed in eastern Guizhou and ranges through a great interval of Kaili Formation. Its first appearance is almost identical with these events of trilobite extinction-recovery occurring at the end of the Early Cambrian, the alternation of acritach assemblages, the change of trace elements (REE) and stable isotopes (carbon) at the Wuliu-Zengjiaya section. As one of the key forms for defining the traditional Lower-Middle Cambrian boundary (the base of Cambrian Series 3.and Stage 5 in the new Cambrian chronstratigraphic standard), O. indicus has received detailed study and has more advantages than other species such as Ovatoryctocara granulata Tchernysheva, 1962.or Arthricocephalus chauveaui Bergeron, 1899.

关键词： Oryctocephalus indicus restudy Kaili Formation Cambrian Guizhou china.

Spacial organization on the rural settlements in plain areas—taking Pinghu city in Zhejiang of china as an example

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2000年第3期10卷 59-64页

作者： XUE Dong-qian1, YAO Shi-mou2. ZHANG Hong1 (1. Dept. of Tourism and Environment, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062. china 2. nanjing {2. of {3. and limnology, chinese academy of Sciences, nanjing 2.0008, china)

This paper analyses the spacial distribution, quantity-scale, function-structure and facilities from the angle of spacial organizational optimizing theory and sustainable development thought. The authors point out the distributional principles of rural settlements in plain areas, and put forward planning and distribution of various levels of rural settlements (central villages, basic villages and natural villages).

关键词： plain area central villages basic villages natural villages spacial organization

Y_CΩ_(2.)are easy terms

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chinese Science Bulletin 1998年第20期43卷 1707-1709页

作者： ZHAO Xishun 1 and WANG Ju 2.1. Department of Mathematics, nanjing University, nanjing 2.009{2. china 2. {{2. of Software, chinese academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, china Department of Mathematics Nanjing University Nanjing China institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

For any natural number n≥1, Y CΩ 2. is an easy term; that is, for any λ term M, λβ+Y\-CΩ 2. =M is consistent, where Y C is Curry fixed point combinator, Ω 2. ≡ω 2. ω 2. and ω 2. ≡λ***...x (there are 2. occurrences of x after λx ). This result is a partial solution to Jacopini’s conjecture: Y CΩ n is an easy term for any natural number n≥2.

关键词： λβ-calculus Kuper’s theorem easy term.

Possible mechanism of the effect of convection over Asian-Australian “land bridge” on the East Asian summer monsoon onset

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第11期49卷 1223-1232页

作者： HE Jinhai1, WEN Min2. DING Yihui3.& ZHANG Renhe2.1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster (KLME), nanjing {2. of Meteorology, nanjing University of Informa- tion Science and Technology, nanjing 2.0044, china 2. State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather (LaSW), chinese academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, china 3. National Climate Center, chinese Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, china Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster (KLME) Nanjing Institute of Meteorology Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather (LaSW) Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing China National Climate Center Chinese Meteorological Administration Beijing China

The Asian-Australian “land bridge” is an area with the most vigorous convection in Asian monsoon region in boreal spring, where the onset and march of convection are well associated with the onset of East Asian summer monsoon. The convection occurs over Indo-china Peninsula as early as mid-April, which exerts critical impact on the evolution of monsoon circulation. Before mid-April there are primarily sensible heatings to the atmosphere over Indo-china Peninsula and Indian Peninsula, so the apparent heating ratios over them decrease with height. However, after mid-April it changes into latent heating over Indo-china Peninsula due to the onset of convection, and the apparent heating ratio increases with height in mid- and lower troposphere. The vertical distribution of heating ratio and its differences between Indo-china Peninsula and Indian Peninsula are the key factors leading to the splitting of boreal subtropical high belt over the Bay of Bengal. Such mechanism is strongly supported by the fact that the evolution of the vertical heating ratio gradient above Indo-china Peninsula leads that of 850 hPa vorticity over the Bay of Bengal. Convections over Indo-china Peninsula and its surrounding areas further increase after the splitting. Since then, there is a positive feedback lying among the convective heating, the eastward retreat of the subtropical high and the march of monsoon, which is a possible mechanism of the advance of summer monsoon and convection from Indo-china Peninsula to South china Sea.

关键词： Asian-Australian 'land bridge', tropical convection, Indo-china Peninsula, the splitting of boreal subtropical high belt, East Asian summer monsoon onset.

Lower Cretaceous angio-sperm leaf from Wuhe in Anhui,china

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chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第6期48卷 611-614页

作者： LI Haomin nanjing institute of Geology and Palaeontology, {2. {3. of Sciences, nanjing 2.0008, china nanjing institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences China

A new early angiosperm leaf species is reported from the Xinzhuang Formation in Wuhe County, Anhui Province. It is probably of Barremian or slightly later in geological age. The fossil leaf is small, no more than 0.6 cm both in length and in width. The leaf veins are well preserved and clearly visible under a low power microscope. Leaf ar-chitectural analysis shows that such a leaf should belong to the first leaf rank of Hickey, i.e. the most primitive one. There are no early angiosperm leaves published completely similar to ours. A new species name of Dicotylophyllum minutissimum sp. nov. is established for the present leaf fos-sils.

关键词：安徽下白垩统早期被子植物叶片结构叶片化石