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An analysis of seismic attenuation in random porous media

Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2010年第4期53卷 628-637页

作者： LIU Jiong1, BA Jing2, MA JianWei1 & YANG HuiZhu1 1 institute of Seismic exploration, School of Aerospace, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, china 2 {3. institute of petroleum exploration & development, petrochina, Beijing 100083. china 1. institute of Seismic exploration School of Aerospace Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China2. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China

The attenuation of seismic wave in rocks has been one of the interesting research topics, but till now no poroelasticity models can thoroughly explain the strong attenuation of wave in rocks. In this paper, a random porous medium model is designed to study the law of wave propagation in complex rocks based on the theory of Biot poroelasticity and the general theory of stochastic process. This model sets the density of grain, porosity, permeability and modulus of frame as random parameters in space, and only one fluid infiltrates in rocks for the sake of better simulation effect in line with real rocks in earth strata. Numerical simulations are implemented. Two different inverse quality factors of fast P-wave are obtained by different methods to assess attenuation through records of virtual detectors in wave field (One is amplitude decay method in time domain and the other is spectral ratio method in frequency domain). Comparing the attenuation results of random porous medium with those of homogeneous porous medium, we conclude that the attenuation of seismic wave of homogeneous porous medium is far weaker than that of random porous medium. In random porous media, the higher heterogeneous level is, the stronger the attenuation becomes, and when heterogeneity σ = 0.15 in simulation, the attenuation result is consistent with that by actual observation. Since the central frequency (50 Hz) of source in numerical simulation is in earthquake band, the numerical results prove that heterogeneous porous structure is one of the important factors causing strong attenuation in real stratum at intermediate and low frequency.

关键词： the theory of stochastic process the theory of Biot poroelasticity the attenuation of seismic wave inverse quality factor

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Geochemical characteristics and accumulation of marine oil and gas around Halahatang depression,Tarim Basin,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 195-206页

作者： LU YuHong,XIAO ZhongYao,GU QiaoYuan&ZHANG QiuCha research institute of exploration and {3.,Tarim Oilfield Company,petrochina,Korla 841000,china petrochina Tarim Oilfield Co Res Inst Explorat & Dev Korla 841000 Peoples R China

There exists a petroleum system rich of oil and gas around Halahatang depression,where the oil and gas possess obvious local distinctions of properties in different *** research proved that the discovered crude oil and natural gas in the region derived mainly from O2+3.source rock,and the differences of its properties were controlled by the oil and gas filling *** comprehensive study result shows the oil and gas reservoirs of the region mainly underwent three important accumulation phases:late Caledonian-Early Hercynian epoch,late Hercynian epoch,and Yanshan-Himalayan epoch. In the first phase,the oil and gas derived mostly from Cambrian source rock,which formed the primary ancient oil reservoirs,then suffered strong degradation and remained a great quantity of pyrobitumen in the high position of Tabei uplift in the *** the second phase,the O2+3.source rock of Manjia'er depression started its generation of hydrocarbon,which accumulated in the high position of Tabei uplift afterwards,and then biodegradated to heavy oil in the late Hercynian *** the last phase,the O2+3.source rock of southern Halahatang depression and margin of Manjia'er depression started its peak of generating liquid hydrocarbon,which mostly accumulated in the trap formed before the Indo-china and Yanshan epoch,and in somewhere the heavy oil suffered dilutions in various degrees or serious gas invading,to lead to obvious crude oil divergence.

关键词： marine facies Mid-Upper Ordovician source rock oil and gas source accumulation stage Halahatang depression Tarim Basin

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模糊数学在压裂设计中的应用

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天然气工业 1998年第3期18卷 61-64页

作者：蒋廷学田占良中国石油天然气总公司石油勘探开发科学研究院廊坊分院华北石油管理局二连石油勘探开发公司

将模糊数学的有关原理，系统地应用于压裂（包括复压）的选井选层、部分关键设计参数的研究和确认以及最终压裂方案的优化决策中。在紧密结合现场实际的基础上，综合考虑了多种影响因素并将其量化，因此较以往的单因素分析法更为合理。... 详细信息

将模糊数学的有关原理，系统地应用于压裂（包括复压）的选井选层、部分关键设计参数的研究和确认以及最终压裂方案的优化决策中。在紧密结合现场实际的基础上，综合考虑了多种影响因素并将其量化，因此较以往的单因素分析法更为合理。此外，在权重的确定上，尝试应用了灰色理论中的灰色关联度法，将模糊数学与灰色理论有机地结合起来，得出的权重结果基本符合经验判断。本文的三部分研究内容，前后相接，构成一项系统工程。研究方法简单适用，现场可操作性强。研究结果经矿场实例验证及其它可靠手段检测，可信度较高，并已获得了较好的经济效益。

关键词：模糊数学油气井压裂设计参数优选灰色系统

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Identification of marine natural gases with different origin sources

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 148-164页

作者： WANG YunPeng 1 ,ZHAO ChangYi 2 ,WANG ZhaoYun 2 ,WANG HongJun 2 ,TIAN Jin 1 ,ZOU YanRong 1 &LIU JinZhong1 1State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry,Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,china 2institute of Geology,{3. institute of petroleum exploration and development,petrochina,Beijing 100083.china State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China institute of Geology Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing 100083

Kinetic experiments of gas generation for typical samples of marine gas precursors including low-maturity kerogen,residual kerogen and oil as well as dispersed liquid hydrocarbon(DLH)in source rocks were performed by closed system,and the evolution trends of molecular and isotopic compositions of natural gases from different precursors against the maturity(R0%)at laboratory conditions were *** diagrams of gas origin were calibrated by using the experimental data.A diagram based on the ratio of normal and isomerous butane and pentane(i/nC4-i/nC5)was proposed and used to identify the origins of the typical marine natural gases in the Sichuan Basin and the Tarim Basin, *** the maturities of natural gases were estimated by using the statistical relationships between the gaseous molecular carbon isotopic data and maturities(δ13.-R 0 %)with different *** results indicate that the molecular and isotopic compositions of simulated gases from different precursors are different from each *** example,the dryness index of the oil-cracking gas is the lowest;the dryness indices of gases from DLH and kerogen in closed system are almost the same;and the dryness index of gases from residual kerogen is extremely high,indicating that the kerogen gases are very dry;the contents of non-hydrocarbon gases in kerogen-cracking gases are far higher than those in oil-cracking and DLH-cracking *** molecular carbon isotopes of oil-cracking gases are the lightest,those of kerogen in closed system and GLH-cracking gases are the second lightest,and those of cracking gases from residual kerogen are the *** calibration results indicate that the diagrams of ln(C1/C2)-ln(C2/C3.andδ13.2-δ13.3.ln(C2/C3.can discriminate primary and secondary cracking gases,but cannot be used to identify gas origin sources,while the diagram of i/nC4-i/nC5 can differentiate the gases from different *** application results of these diagrams show that gas mixtures ext

关键词： marine organic matter gas origin sources kerogen oil-cracking gas origin identification carbon isotope

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中国煤层气钻井完井技术发展现状及发展方向

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石油学报 2002年第3期23卷 81-85页

作者：郑毅黄洪春中国石油天然气集团公司市场管理部北京100724 中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院完井研究所河北廊坊065007

对 10多年来我国煤层气钻井完井技术状况进行了回顾 ,结合美国煤层气开发成功的技术和研究成果 ,从钻井完井工程的角度分析了我国现有技术存在的问题和制约煤层气开发效果的主要因素。提出了在我国煤层低压、特低渗透、气饱和等特殊物... 详细信息

对 10多年来我国煤层气钻井完井技术状况进行了回顾 ,结合美国煤层气开发成功的技术和研究成果 ,从钻井完井工程的角度分析了我国现有技术存在的问题和制约煤层气开发效果的主要因素。提出了在我国煤层低压、特低渗透、气饱和等特殊物性条件下钻井完井过程中的技术难点、解决问题的思路和应采取的技术措施。

关键词：中国煤层气钻井完井技术发展现状发展方向对策

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中国陆上天然气资源的特征及发展策略

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石油学报 2004年第5期25卷 1-5页

作者：赵贤正赵政璋李景明李东旭石油大学北京102249 中国石油勘探与生产公司北京100011 中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院河北廊坊065007

对中国陆上天然气资源的基本特征作了全面分析 ,其特征主要表现为 :①天然气勘探程度不高 ,资源相对丰富 ,主要集中分布于四个气区 ;②天然气成藏特点明显 ,类型差别较大 ;③目前天然气勘探进入大发现时期 ,天然气产量大幅度增长 ,储采... 详细信息

对中国陆上天然气资源的基本特征作了全面分析 ,其特征主要表现为 :①天然气勘探程度不高 ,资源相对丰富 ,主要集中分布于四个气区 ;②天然气成藏特点明显 ,类型差别较大 ;③目前天然气勘探进入大发现时期 ,天然气产量大幅度增长 ,储采比暂时较高。根据目前勘探开发状况 ,今后加快天然气发展的策略应是 :①突出重点 ,继续加强天然气勘探 ;②加强提高单井产能的工程技术攻关 ,降低开发成本 ;③转变开发理念 ,提高管理水平 ;④通过体制创新 ,提高开发效益。

关键词：天然气工业发展策略中国天然气资源储量复合圈闭岩性

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Evaluation criteria for gas source rocks of marine carbonate in china

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第9期15卷 810-817页

作者： WANG Zhaoyun1**, ZHAO Wenzhi1 and WANG Yunpeng2(1. research institute of petroleum {3. & development,petrochina, Beijing 100083. china 2. Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, china) research institute of petroleum {3. & development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China. Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China

Hydrocarbon generating and expulsion simulation experiments are carried out using samples artifically matched between the acid-dissolved residue of relatively low-maturity limestone and the original sample. This work makes up for the insufficiency of source rock samples with high abundance of organic matters and low maturity in china. The organic carbon content of the 10 prepared samples varies between 0.15% and 0.74%. Pyrolysis data and simulation experiment results of hydrocarbon generating and expulsion, which were obtained by a high-temperature and high-pressure open system, indicate that the lower limit of organic carbon content for marine carbonate rock to generate and expel hydrocarbons is 0.23.—0.3.%. In combination with the numerical analysis of organic carbon in marine carbonate rocks from Tarim Basin, Sichuan Basin, Ordos Basin and North china, as well as the contribution of these gas source rocks to the discovered gas pools, we think that the organic carbon criterion for carbonate gas source rocks should be 0.3..

关键词： carbonate gas source rock gas-generating efficiency evaluation criteria simulation experiment.

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Propagation characteristics of converted refracted wave and its application in static correction of converted wave

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 226-232页

作者： LIU Yang1,2 & WEI XiuCheng3.1 State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resource and Prospecting,china University of petroleum,Beijing 102249,china 2 CNPC Geophysical exploration Key Laboratory,china University of petroleum,Beijing 102249,china 3.exploration and Production research institute,SINOPEC,Beijing 100083.china china Univ Petr State Key Lab Petr Resource & Prospecting Beijing 102249 Peoples R China china Univ Petr CNPC Geophys Explorat Key Lab Beijing 102249 Peoples R China SINOPEC Explorat & Prod Res Inst Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

Three-component seismic exploration through P-wave source and three-component geophone is an effective technique used in complicated reservoir exploration. In three-component seismic exploration data processing,one of the difficulties is static correction of converted wave. This paper analyzes propagation characteristics of non-converted and converted refracted waves,and discovers a favor-able condition for the formation of converted refracted wave,i.e. the velocity of overlaying medium S wave is much lower than that of underlying medium S wave. In addition,the paper proposes the static correction method of converted wave based on PPS converted refracted wave,and processes the real three-component seismic data with better results of static correction of converted wave.

关键词： PPS converted refracted wave converted wave static correction

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CHARACTERISTICS　OF　COAL－FORMED　GAS　ACCUMULATION　BELTS　IN　THE　EAST　PART　OF　THE　CENTRAL－ASIA　COAL－FORMED　GAS　ACCUMULATION　DOMAIN　──SERIES　STUDY　Ⅲ　ON　THE　CENTRAL－ASIA　COAL－FORMED　GAS　ACCUMULATION　DOMAIN

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石油勘探与开发 1995年第5期22卷 87-95页

作者： Dai Jin-xing Li Xian-qi(research institute of petroleum {3. and development, CNPC. Beijing, 100083. P. R. china)

ＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＳＴＩＣＳＯＦＣＯＡＬ－ＦＯＲＭＥＤＧＡＳＡＣＣＵＭＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＢＥＬＴＳＩＮＴＨＥＥＡＳＴＰＡＲＴＯＦＴＨＥＣＥＮＴＲＡＬ－ＡＳＩＡＣＯＡＬ－ＦＯＲＭＥＤＧＡＳＡＣＣＵＭＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＤＯＭＡ... 详细信息

ＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＳＴＩＣＳＯＦＣＯＡＬ－ＦＯＲＭＥＤＧＡＳＡＣＣＵＭＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＢＥＬＴＳＩＮＴＨＥＥＡＳＴＰＡＲＴＯＦＴＨＥＣＥＮＴＲＡＬ－ＡＳＩＡＣＯＡＬ－ＦＯＲＭＥＤＧＡＳＡＣＣＵＭＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＤＯＭＡＩＮ──ＳＥＲＩＥＳＳＴＵＤＹⅢＯ...

关键词： GAS FORMED COAL ACCUMULATION BELTS ASIA EAST

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Gas formation mechanism of marine carbonate source rocks in china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第4期48卷 441-453页

作者： ZHAO Wenzhi1, WANG Zhaoyun1, HE Haiqing2, ZHANG Mingjie3. WANG Hongjun1, WANG Yunpeng4 & QIN Yong5 1. research institute of petroleum {3. & development, petrochina, Beijing 100083. china 2. petrochina {3. & Production, Beijing 100011, china 3. Department of Geology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 73.000, china 4. Guangzhou Geochemical institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, china 5. china University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221000, china 1. research institute of petroleum {3. & development 100083 PetroChinaBeijin China 2. petrochina exploration & Production 100011 Beijing China 3. Department of Geology Lanzhou University 730000 Lanzhou China 4. Guangzhou Geochemical institute Chinese Academy of Sciences 510640 Guangzhou China 5. china University of Mining and Technology 221000 Xuzhou China

By breaking through the conventional ideology on the study of gas-formation mechanism of source rocks which focused on merely the characteristics of source rocks them- selves, and based on the development and distribution characteristics of marine carbonate source rocks in the medium-to-bottom parts of the Chinese superimposed sedimentary basins as well as various processes in the course of gas generation and reservoir forming, the complex hydrocarbon-generating model of carbonates is established. Such a model concerns not only the “three-stage” gas formation characteristics of carbonates, but also the gas generation process due to a thermal cracking of oil and the re-generation process of gas from heated secondary organic matters during the gas-generation and reservoir-forming course. The high-quality hy- drocarbon generating matter of marine carbonate source rocks determined a high gas-oil ratio and tended to form paleo-oil-reservoirs, representing an enrichment process of organic matters. The thermal cracking of oil in palaeo-oil-reservoirs is an important means for the effective forma- tion of gas reservoirs. The secondary organic matters in carbonate reservoirs may regenerate gas after a secondary deep burial, thus becoming an effective gas source.

关键词： carbonate, three-stage hydrocarbon generation, inhibitive effect of maturity, oil-cracking gas, second-ary asphalt gas.

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