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Progress and review of the studies on the end-Triassic mass extinction event

Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第12期48卷 2049-2060页

作者： DENG Shenghui1,2, LU Yuanzheng1,2,3.& XU Daoyi4 1. research institute of petroleum exploration and development, Beijing 100083. china 2. Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir of petrochina, Beijing 100083. china 3. china University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083. china 4. institute of Geology, china Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100029, china 1. research institute of petroleum exploration and development 100083 Beijing China 2. Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir of petrochina 100083 Beijing China 3. china University of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China 4. institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration 100029 Beijing China

The mass extinction at the end-Triassic is one of the five biggest in the Phanerozoic. However,it is the least well understood among these five events, and only till last decade it became a great academic interesting subject to geologists. The evidences for this event come obviously from bivalves, brachiopods, ammonites, corals, radiolaria, ostracods and foraminifera of marine habitats, and plants and tetrapods of terrestrial realm. By contrast, for some of other groups, such as marine gastropods and marine vertebrates, no mass extinction has been recog-nized yet. The extinction event is strongly marked at specific level but shown a complicated situa-tion at generic and family levels. Dramatic changing of the environment, such as the temperature raise due to the greenhouse effect, the marine anoxic habitats caused by a sudden transgression after the regression at the end of Triassic, has been claimed to be the main cause of the extinction. Many hypotheses have been suggested to demonstrate the mechanisms of the environment changing, among which two popular ones are the bolide impact and volcanic eruption. The Triassic-Jurassic (Tr-J) boundary mass extinction event is still poorly understood because no enough data have been obtained from the Tr-J boundary successional sections of both marine and terrestrial sediments, and most of these studies were regionally restricted. The basic aspects of the event and its associated environmental conditions remain poorly characterized and the causal mechanism or mechanisms are equivocal. Some authors even doubt its occurrence. china has many successionally developed terrestrial and marine Tr-J sections. Detailed studies of these sections may be important and significant for well understanding of the event.

关键词： progress, review, end-Triassic, mass extinction, mechanism, Tr-J boundary.

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Neutron and density logging responses to gas reservoir for well-balanced and under-balanced logging:Gas reservoirs of sandstone in a western china field

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 201-206页

作者： WU WenSheng1,XIAO LiZhi1 & ZHANG LongHai2 1 Resource & Information Department,china University of petroleum,Beijing 102249,china 2{3.,petrochina,Beijing 100083.china china Univ Petr Resource & Informat Dept Beijing 102249 Peoples R China petrochina Res Inst Petr Explorat & Dev Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

Studying the response differences between neutron and density logging of gas reservoir for well-balanced and under-balanced logging will be of significance in evaluation of gas reservoir under the under-balanced condition and application of logging data. With Monte Carlo simulation technique,the paper obtains the relationship between neutron and density logging measurement and borehole di-ameter,porosity or gas saturation for well-balanced and under-balanced logging. The conclusions show that the response trend of under-balanced logging to gas reservoirs agrees with that of well-balanced logging with small borehole,and under-balanced logging data can be used usually as well-balanced logging data. When borehole diameter is large,under-balanced logging data should be corrected for the influences of borehole.

关键词： under-balanced logging density logging neutron logging gas reservoir response

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Primary migration and secondary alteration of the Upper Paleozoic gas reservoir in Ordos Basin,china―Application of fluid inclusion gases

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 165-173页

作者： GONG Se 1,2 ,PENG PingAn 1 ,SHUAI YanHua 3.,DAI JinXing 3.&ZHANG WenZheng 4 1 Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry,the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,china 2 Common Wealth Scientific and research Organization,{3. Resources,PO Box 13.,North Ryde,New South Wales,1670,Australia 3.4},petrochina,Beijing 100083.china 4 research institute of exploration and development,Changqing {3. Corporation,Xi’an 710021,china Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry the Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China Common Wealth Scientific and research Organization Petroleum Resources PO Box 136 North Ryde New South Wales 1670 Australia research institute

The composition of fluid inclusions(FI)often represents the initial geochemical characteristics of palaeo-fluid in reservoir *** on composition and carbon isotopic composition of gas during primary migration,reservoir-forming and subsequent secondary alterations are discussed through comparing fluid inclusion gas with coal-formed gas and natural gas in present gas reservoirs in the Ordos *** results show that primary migration of gas has significant effect on the molecular but not on the carbon isotopic composition of *** and diffusion fractionation took place during the secondary migration of gas in Upper Paleozoic gas reservoir according to carbon isotopic composition of methane in *** and carbon isotopic composition of natural gas were nearly unchanged after the gas reservoir forming through comparing the FI gases with the natural gas in present gas reservoir.

关键词： secondary alteration fluid inclusion carbon isotope Ordos Basin

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Warmly Congratulating on the Publication of the Monograph Giant Gas Fields and Gas Sources in china

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petroleum exploration and development 2024年第2期51卷 F0002-F0002页

作者： Editorial Department of petroleum exploration and development 不详

The monograph Giant Gas Fields and Gas Sources in china,compiled by the team led by Dai Jinxing,Academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Editor-in-Chief of petroleum exploration and {3.,will be officially published by the petroleum Industry Press *** English version of this monograph is planned to be published in *** publication of this book will have an important and far-reaching impact on the geological theory,exploration and {3.,and scientific management of natural gas in ***,we warmly congratulate on the publication of the monograph Giant Gas Fields and Gas Sources in china!

关键词： Academician Giant petroleum

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Discovery of a Late Permian Angara-Cathaysia mixed flora from Acheng of Heilongjiang,china,with discussions on the closure of the Paleoasian Ocean

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Science china Earth Sciences 2009年第12期52卷 1746-1755页

作者： DENG ShengHui1,2, WAN ChuanBiao3.& YANG JianGuo3.1 research institute of petroleum exploration and development, petrochina, Beijing 100083. china 2 State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery, Beijing 100083.{3. 3.Daqing institute of petroleum exploration and development, petrochina, Daqing 164712, china research institute of petroleum {3. and development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery Beijing 100083 China Daqing institute of petroleum exploration and {3. PetroChina Daqing 164712 China

This work documents a new flora from the Upper Permian Hongshan Formation of Acheng County, Heilongjiang Province, Northwest china. The flora consists of 20 species: Paracalamites sp., Pecopteris tangwangheensis Huang, Callipteris obese Huang, Callipteris shenshuensis Huang, C. tangwangheensis Huang, C. heilongjiangensis Huang, C. zeilleri Zalessky, C. sp., Comia yichunensis Huang, C. tenueaxis Huang, Iniopteris sibirica Zalessky, Supaia teiliensis Huang, Compsopteris tchirkovae Zalessky, C. cf. adzvensis Zalessky, Nilssonia sp. 1, Nil. sp. 2, Taeniopteris cf. densissima Halle, T. cf. nystraemii Halle, T. sp. and Noeggerathiopsis derzavinii Neub. It is dominated by Angara species but mixed with some typical Cathaysian elements. The age of the flora is assigned to late of the Late Permian according to the stratigraphic ranges of the known species and the comparisons of it with the similar floras. The new discovery indicates that the final collision between the North china Plate and Siberian Plate occurred in Late Permian along the Xar Moron River-Changchun-Yanji sutured zone, and the Paleoasian Ocean was finally closed at the end of the Permian.

关键词： Late Permian mixed Angara-Cathaysia flora Paleoasian Ocean plate collision Heilongjiang Province of china

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Classification and origin of natural gases from Lishui Sag,the East china Sea Basin

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 122-130页

作者： CHEN JianPing 1,2 ,GE HePing 3.,CHEN XiaoDong 3.,DENG ChunPing 1,2 &LIANG DiGang 1,2 1 research institute of petroleum {3.&development,petrochina,Beijing 100083.china 2 Key Lab of petroleum Geochemistry,CNPC,Beijing 100083.china 3.Shanghai Division,CNOOC,Shanghai 20003.,china 1. research institute of petroleum {3. & development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China2. Key Lab of Petroleum Geochemistry CNPC Beijing 100083 China3. Shanghai Division CNOOC Shanghai 200030 China

Natural gases discovered up to now in Lishui Sag,the East china Sea Basin,differ greatly in gaseous compositions,of which hydrocarbon gases amount to 2%―94%while non-hydrocarbon gases are dominated by *** hydrocarbon gases,without exception,contain less than 90%of methane and over 10%of C2 + heavier hydrocarbons,indicating a wet *** isotopic analyses on these hydrocarbon gases showed thatδ13. 1 ,δ13. 2 andδ13. 3.are basically lighter than-44‰,-29‰and-26‰, *** difference in carbon isotopic values between methane and ethane is great,suggesting a biogenic oil-type gas produced by the mixed organic matter at peak generation.δ13. CO2 values of nonhydrocarbon gases are all heavier than-10‰,indicating a typical abiogenic *** simulation experiment on hydrocarbon generation of organic matter in a closed gold-tube system showed that the proportion of methane in natural gases produced by terrigenous organic matter in the Lingfeng Formation marine deposit is obviously higher than that in natural gases derived from the aquatic and terrigenous mixed organic matter in the Yueguifeng Formation lacustrine deposit,consequently the proportion of heavier hydrocarbons of the former is remarkably lower than that of the ***, δ13. 1 values of natural gases produced by terrigenous organic matter in the Lingfeng Formation marine deposit are about 5‰heavier than those of natural gases derived from the aquatic and terrigenous mixed organic matter in the Yueguifeng Formation lacustrine deposit whileδ13. 2 andδ13. 3.values of the former are over 9‰heavier than those of the *** the LS3.-1 oil-gas pool is the only commercial oil-gas reservoir in Lishui Sag,where carbon isotopic compositions of various hydrocarbon components differ greatly from those of natural gases produced by the Lingfeng Formation organic matter but are very similar to those of natural gases derived from the Yueguifeng Formation organic matter,therefore,natural gases in the

关键词： Lishui Sag natural gas biogenesis abiogenesis lacustrine source rock marine source rock coal-measures source rock

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低渗透油藏基于支撑剂指数的压裂优化设计方法研究

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石油钻采工艺 2008年第3期30卷 87-89页

作者：蒋廷学胥云中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院河北廊坊065007

以最大采油指数为目标函数,应用支撑剂指数的概念,研究了压裂优化设计的新方法。其主要的研究结论是,对低渗、特低渗透油藏而言,在强调长缝的同时,还必须强调相对高的无量纲裂缝导流能力,才能获得最大的压后产量。该方法不仅适用于探井... 详细信息

以最大采油指数为目标函数,应用支撑剂指数的概念,研究了压裂优化设计的新方法。其主要的研究结论是,对低渗、特低渗透油藏而言,在强调长缝的同时,还必须强调相对高的无量纲裂缝导流能力,才能获得最大的压后产量。该方法不仅适用于探井压裂改造,也适用于开发井的压裂增产改造;不仅适用于固定支撑剂量条件下的压裂优化设计,也适用于不同支撑剂量条件下的压裂方案优选。而且,现场应用简便,优化结果科学、合理。该新方法的应用及推广,对今后低渗透、特低渗透油藏的压裂改造具有一定的指导意义。

关键词：特低渗透油藏支撑剂指数压裂优化设计

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Biogas charging and dissipating process and its accumulation in the Sebei gasfield,Qaidam Basin,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 36-44页

作者： JIN Qiang 1,CHENG FuQi 1,2 ,SU AiGuo 3.,ZHU GuangYou 3.,WANG Li 1 &CAO Qian 1 1 china University of petroleum,Dongying,Shandong 257061,china 2 Geological {3. of Shengli Oilfield,SINOPEC,Dongying,Shandong 257015,china 3.petroleum exploration and development {3.,petrochina,Beijing 100083.china china Univ Petr Shandong 257061 Peoples R China SINOPEC Geol Inst Shengli Oilfield Shandong 257015 Peoples R China petrochina Petr Explorat & Dev Inst Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

The Sebei gasfield is the largest biogas accumulation found in china and many reservoirs and seal rocks superposed on a syndepositional anticline in *** biogas charging and dissipating process and its distribution have been a research focus for many *** authors suggest a diffusing and accumulating model for the biogas,as they find that the shallower the gas producer,the more methane in the biogas,and the lighter stable carbon isotope composition of *** on the diffusing model,diffused biogas is quantitatively estimated for each potential sandy reservoir in the gasfield,and the gas charging quantity for the sandy reservoir is also calculated by the diffused gas quantity plus gas reserve in-place.A ratio of diffusing quantity to charging quantity is postulated to describe biogas accumulating state in a sandy reservoir,if the ratio is less than 0.6,the reservoir forms a good gas-pool and high-production layer in the gasfield,which often occurs in the reservoirs deeper than 900 m;if the ratio is greater than 0.6,a few gas accumulated in the reservoir,which frequently exists in the reservoirs shallower than 900 ***,a biogas accumulation model is built up as lateral direct charging from gas source for the sands deeper than 900 m and indirect charging from lower gas-bearing sands by diffusion at depth shallower than 900 *** this charging and diffusion quantitative model,the authors conducted re-evaluation on each wildcat in the central area of the Qaidam Basin,and found many commercial biogas layers.

关键词： biogas charging and diffusing model relative dissipated quantity Qaidam Basin

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二氧化碳泡沫压裂技术在低渗透低压气藏中的应用

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石油学报 2004年第3期25卷 66-70页

作者：王振铎王晓泉卢拥军中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院河北廊坊065007

针对低渗透、低压气藏压裂改造中压裂液返排困难的问题 ,研究了CO2 泡沫压裂技术 ,分析了CO2 泡沫压裂过程中井筒和储层温度场变化对CO2 液气转化的影响 ,对提高CO2 泡沫压裂液的流变性、内相恒定与工艺措施等进行了室内研究。现场试验... 详细信息

针对低渗透、低压气藏压裂改造中压裂液返排困难的问题 ,研究了CO2 泡沫压裂技术 ,分析了CO2 泡沫压裂过程中井筒和储层温度场变化对CO2 液气转化的影响 ,对提高CO2 泡沫压裂液的流变性、内相恒定与工艺措施等进行了室内研究。现场试验表明 ,CO2 泡沫压裂技术能减少进入地层的水基压裂液量 ,提供地层液体返排的能量 ,达到了压裂液自喷、快速、多排的目的 ,从而降低了压裂液对储层的二次伤害 ,提高了低渗透。

关键词：二氧化碳泡沫压裂技术低压低渗透气藏储层伤害现场试验

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Hydrocarbon test in lower-layer atmosphere to predict deep-sea petroleum or hydrate in the Okinawa Trough: an example

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2003年第4期22卷 569-576页

作者： Gong Jianming1, Chen Jianwen 1, 2, Li Gang1, Zhang Xunhua1, Li Jipeng3. Huang Fulin1 1. Qingdao institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao 266071, china. 2. Ocean University of china, Qingdao 266003. china 3. Hefei institute of petroleum Chemical exploration, china petroleum exploration and development research institute, Hefei 23.022,{13. Qingdao Inst Marine Geol Qingdao 266071 Peoples R China Ocean Univ china Qingdao 266003 Peoples R China china Petr Explorat & Dev Res Inst Hefei Inst Petr Chem Explorat Hefei 230022 Peoples R China

Light hydrocarbon (methane, ethane, propane, butane and CO2) test and C isotopic analysis of CO are conducted for over 100 lower-layer atmospheric samples from the East china Sea slope and the Okinawa Trough. The results show that the lower-layer atmosphere mainly consists of CO2 and then of CH4, and the CO2 concentrations are calculated to have a high average value of 0.87 omega/10(-2) about three times that of the regional background (0-3.omega/10(-2)). The result also shows that the average value of C isotope - 20.8 x 10(-3. is given to the CO2, inferring that it is inorganic gas. Thus, for the future 's work in the Okinawa Trough, special attention should be paid to CO2 hydrate, which is very possibly an important hydrate type.

关键词： lower-layer atmosphere hydrocarbon test C isotopic analysis deep-sea petroleum gas hydrate

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