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Morphology and electrical conductivity of PACS

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2000年第3期12卷 319-324页

作者： GAO Bao\|yu\+1. LIU Zong\|gang\+2, YUE Qin\|yan\+3. ZHAO Hua\|zhang\+3.(1. Department of Environmental Engineering, Shandong university, Jinan 2501.0, China 2. Environmental Monitoring Station of Huaiyin, Jinan 250022, China 3. Department of Environ 山东大学山东济南 2 50 1 0 0 山东济南市槐荫区环境监测山东济南 2 50 0 2 2

Polyaluminium chlorides with sulfate ion(PACS) were prepared by using AlCl 3.6H 2O, Al(SO 4) 3.1.H 2O and Na 2CO 3.as raw materials. The effects of basicity ( r ), Al 3. /SO 4 2- molar ratio and aging time on the morphology of PACS were observed by transmission electrical microscope. The influence of aging time on charge neutralization and coagulation effect of PACS was studied. The effects of basicity ( r ), Al 3. /SO 4 2- molar ratio and aging time on the electrical conductivity of PACS solution were also investigated. The experimental results show that the degree of polymerization of polyaluminium chloride(PAC) increases when SO 4 2- ion is added. The higher the basicity( r ) and the longer the aging time, the larger the size of polymer PACS. The ability of PACS neutralizing the charge on Kaolinite decreases with the increase of aging time. The electrical conductivity of PACS solution(the concentration of Al 3. ion is 0.1. mol/L) with different aging time is the function of the basicity and Al 3. /SO 4 2- molar ratios and has its maximum at r =0.5 and Al 3. /SO 4 2- =1..

关键词： coagulant PACS morphology transmission electron microscope electrical conductivity coagulation

Surface effects of monolayer-protected gold nanoparticles on the redox reactions between ferricyanide and thiosulfate

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Science China Chemistry 2005年第5期48卷 424-430页

作者： LI Di1. SUN Chunyan1. HUANG Yunjie1. LI Jinghong1.2 & CHEN Shaowei3.1. State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 1.0}022, China 2. Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua university, beijing 1.0084, China 3. Department of Chemistry, university of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA 1. State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 130022 Changchun China 2. Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China 3. Department of Chemistry University of California 95064 Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA USA

Electron transfer through the self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold nanopar-ticles is investigated by using the monolayer protected gold nanoclusters (MPCs) as elec-tron-transfer mediators. 3.Mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) and 1.-meraptoundecanoic acid (MUA) MPCs were employed to catalyze the redox reaction between potassium ferricyanide and sodium thiosulfate. The catalytic mechanism was proposed that the MPCs act as diffusing elec-tron-mediators and electron transfers to and from the MPCs surface. Therefore the electron transfer rate through the capping layers would be proportional to the MPCs catalyzed reaction rate, which was monitored by the UV absorbance of ferricyanide. The calculated apparent rate constant was orders of magnitude smaller than that of the maximum of tunneling current, which was attributed to the splited energy level of the nanoscale particles.

关键词： electron transfer, three-dimensional self-assembled monolayers, redox reaction, electron transfer mediator, surface effect.

Magnetic mineralogy of the Hongqiling Cu-Ni sulphide deposit: Implications for ore genesis

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第10期17卷 1192-1198页

作者： Xi Aihua1.2, Ge Yuhui1. Cai Yuanfeng2 and Zhang Xuefeng3.1. Faculty of Resources & Environment, Southwest Petroleum {1., Chengdu 61.500, China 2. State Key Laboratory for Endogenic Metal Deposit Research, Nanjing {1., Nanjing 21.093. China 3. Department of Natural Resources & Technology Information, China {1. of Petroleum, {3. 1.2249, China) Faculty of Resources & Environment Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500 China State Key Laboratory for Endogenic Metal Deposit Research Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Department of Natural Resources & Technology Information China University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China

Pyrrhotite is one of the common ore minerals in Cu-Ni sulphide deposits, but only monoclinic pyrrhotite is ferromagnetic at room temperature. X-ray and EPA analyses reveal that most pyrrhotite forming sideronitic texture in the Hongqiling Cu-Ni sulphide deposit is monoclinic, but that in the massive ore is a mixture of monoclinic and hexagonal pyrrhotites. Differential thermal and magnetic- thermogravimetric analyses of massive ore indicate a magnetic transition and heat absorption at 3.3., suggesting that this temperature is the thermomagnetic and phase transition point of pyrrhotite. For massive pyrrhotite ores heated at 400oC for 3. h and then quenched by cool water, the monoclinic pyrrhotite (mpo) transforms completely into the hexagonal pyrrhotite (hpo). However, all the pyrrhotites resulting from slow cooling of the sample in air are mpo. These results indicate that transformation between hpo and mpo depends upon the cooling rate. Therefore, massive ores in this deposit might have been formed via rapid cooling of ore melts. On the other hand, it is significant to study the effect of the ratio of the magnetite in total ores on the genesis of magmatic Cu-Ni suphide deposits.

关键词： pyrrhotite magnetite genesis of Cu-Ni sulphide deposit Hongqiling.

Discovery of immune related factors in Fenneropenaeus chinensis by annotation of ESTs

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2004年第1期14卷 48-55页

作者： SHEN Yaoqing 1.2 , XIANG Jianhai 1.*, WANG Bing 1.2 , LI Fuhua 1.and TONG Wei 3.1. Experimental Marine Biology Laboratory, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071.China 2. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, {1. 1.003., China 3. Genomics & Bioinformatics Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, {1. 1.1.0}0, China) Chinese Acad Sci Inst Oceanol Expt Marine Biol Lab Qingdao 266071 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Grad Sch Beijing 100039 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Geonom & Bioinformat Inst Beijing 101300 Peoples R China

A total of 1.446 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) are obtained by a large scale sequencing of a cDNA library from cephalothorax of adult Fenneropenaeus chinensis . An EST analysis platform was built up based on local computers and bioinformatic techniques were used to annotate these ESTs in order to promptly find possible functional genes, especially for immune related factors. About 4% of the ESTs show similarity to the coding sequences of such factors, including lectin, serine protease, serpin, lysozyme, etc. These ESTs provide a partial profile of the immune system in F. chinensis and useful information for further study on these genes.

关键词： Fenneropenaeus chinensis bioinformatics ESTs immune factors

Experimental remolding on the caprock's 3. strain field of the Indosinian-Yanshanian epoch in Tongling deposit concentrating area

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第7期48卷 863-874页

作者： DENG Jun1.HUANG Dinghua2,WANG Qingfei1.WAN Li1.SUN Zhongshi3.YANG Liqiang1.& GAO Bangfei1.1. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China {1. of Geosciences,beijing 1.0083.China 2. Faculty of Earth Sciences,China {1. of Geosciences,Wuhan 43.074,China 3. Department of Earth Sciences,Jilin {1.,Changchun 1.0}061.China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China Department of Earth Sciences Jilin University Changchun 130061 China

Based on field observations and rheology analysis, we perform one analogue experiment and remold the 3. structural frame of Tongling deposit concentrating area firstly. Then we disassemble and dialyze the 3. structures of the model using the methods of "slicing" and "stripping". A series of sliced planes vertical to the fold hinges show similar landscapes of that in the drill hole profiles. Meanwhile, layer stripping analysis indicates that the deformation features of each layer in the model are qualitatively analogical to those obtained from field observations. Through contrasting the 3. structure between the experimental model and the field phenomena, we verify the following 3. deformation features of the caprock in this area: (1. the Tongling area mainly consists of three series of NE S-typed fold groups; (2) in the uniform stress field, the incoherent folds universally develop in different positions, along different axes as well as in different strata; (3. the faults propagate upward which are mostly inter-bedded detachment faults, while the fold amplitudes decrease while going deeper; and (4) the folds and cleavages are highly developed in the Silurian System indicating that the deformation effect of the Indosin-ian-Yanshanian structural layer terminates at this layer, which suggests that the Silurian System is the crucial layer for the inversion between brittle and plastic deformation domains and the underlying strata are subject to the control of another deformation system with distinct properties.

关键词： Tongling deposit concentrating area Indosinian-Yanshanian epoch 3. structural frame of the caprock analogue experiment slicing and stripping analysis structural model.

Chemical Extraction Preparation of Delithiated Cathode Materials of Li-ion Battery

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Journal of Wuhan university of Technology(Materials Science) 2009年第6期24卷 863-866页

作者：闫时建 School of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and Technology

A method of conventional chemical reaction to prepare delithiated cathode materials of Li-ion battery was introduced. The cathode material of Li-ion battery was mixed with oxidizing agent Na2S2O8 in water solution, and the solution was stirred continuously to make the chemical reaction proceed sufficiently, then the reaction product was filtered and finally the insoluble delithiated cathode material was obtained. A series of tests were conducted to verify the composition, crystal structure and electrochemical property of the delithiated cathode materials were all desirable. This method overcomes the shortcomings of battery charging preparation and chemical extraction preparation employing other oxidizing agents.

关键词： chemical extraction delithiated cathode material Li-ion battery

Constraints on smoothness parameter and dark energy using observational H(z) data

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2011年第2期11卷 125-136页

作者： Hao-Ran Yu1.Tian Lan1.Hao-Yi Wan2,Tong-Jie Zhang1.3.and Bao-Quan Wang4 1.Department of Astronomy,{1. Normal university,{1. 1.0875,China 2 Business Office,{1. Planetarium,{1. 1.0044,China 3.Center for High Energy Physics,peking university,{1. 1.0871.China 4 Department of Physics,Dezhou university,Dezhou 253.23.China Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Business Office Beijing Planetarium Beijing 100044 China Center for High Energy Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China Department of Physics Dezhou University Dezhou 253023 China

With large-scale homogeneity,the universe is locally inhomogeneous,clustering into stars,galaxies and larger *** property is described by the smoothness parameter α which is defined as the proportion of matter in the form of intergalactic *** we consider the inhomogeneities over a small scale,there should be modifications of the cosmological distances compared to a homogenous *** and Roeder developed a second-order ordinary differential equation（D-R equation） that describes the angular diameter distance-redshift relation for inhomogeneous cosmological ***,we may obtain the D-R equation for observational H（z） data（OHD）.The density-parameter ΩM,the state of dark energy ω,and the smoothness-parameter α are constrained by a set of OHD in a spatially flat XCDM universe as well as a spatially flat XCDM *** using a χ2 minimization method,we get α = 0.81.0.1.-0.20 and ΩM = 0.3.＋0.1.-0.06 at the 1. confidence *** we assume a Gaussian prior of ΩM = 0.26 ± 0.1.we get α = 0.93.0.07-0.1. and ΩM = 0.3.＋*** the XCDM model,α is constrained to α≥ 0.80 but ω is weakly constrained around-1.where ω describes the equation of state of the dark energy（pX = ωρX）.We conclude that OHD constrains the smoothness parameter more effectively than the data of SNe Ia and compact radio sources.

关键词： cosmology -- dark energy -- cosmological parameters

Global analysis theory of climate system and its applications

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第10期48卷 1034-1039页

作者： LI Jianping1.2 & CHOU Jifan2,3.1. LASG, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, {1. 1.0029, China 2. Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou university, Lanzhou 73.000, China 3. Training Center for China Meteorological Administration, {1. 1.0081. China Department of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

The idea and main theoretical results of the global analysis theory of climate system are briefly summarized in this paper. A theorem on the global behavior of climate system is given, i.e. there exists a global attractor in the dynamical equations of climate, any state of climate system will be evolved into the global attractor as time increases, indicating the nonlinear adjustment process of climate system to external forcing. The different effects of external forcing, dissipation and nonlinearity on the long-term behavior of solutions are pointed out, and some main applications of the global analysis theory are also introduced. Especially, three applications, the adjustment and evolution processes of climate, the principle of numerical model design and the optimally numerical integration, are discussed.

关键词：整体分析理论气侯体系应用不定性计算法则气侯科学数字模型

“Tali Glaciation” on Massif Diancang

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Science China Earth Sciences 2007年第11期50卷 1685-1692页

作者： YANG JianQiang1. CUI ZhiJiu2, YI ChaoLu1. SUN JiMin3.& YANG LiRong3.1.Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 1.0085, China 2 College of Environmental Sciences, peking university, beijing {3. China 3.Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 1.0029, China 1. Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China 2. College of Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China 3. Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

The term of ''Tali Glaciation'' is nominated from Massif Diancang in Yunnan Province. The confusing process of the term''s being put forward is confirmed through literature checking. Based on several times of field trip, the glacial landforms in this region are studied in detail, and the magnitude of the glaciation was determined. According to the numerical ages from TL, AIMS ^(1.)C and OSL dating, the earliest glacial advance on Massif Diancang occurred at 3.—40 ka BP, followed by the advances at the last stage of the last glaciation, the late glacial and neoglations in turn, until glaciers vanished at 1.2—1.5 ca. a BP in this region. It can be concluded that glaciers were limited above 3.00 m a.s.l., and no glaciers existed on the lower part and adjacent mountains since the last glaciation.

关键词： Massif Diancang,Tali Glaciation,glacial landform,glaciation sequence,numerical dating