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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2004年第3期 87-90+98-99页

作者： ZHANG Jiahua 1*, YAO Fengmei 2. FU Congbin 2.and YAN Xiaodong 2.1. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China 2. institute of atmospheric physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10002., China) ChineseAcademyofMeteorologicalSciences Beijing100081China instituteofatmospheric{2. ChineseAcademyofSci-encesBeijing100029China

Based on the leaf area index (LAI) data derived from remote sensing information and eco climate data, the responses of regional ecosystem variations in seasonal and interannual scales to the East Asian monsoon are studied. It is found that the vegetation ecosystems of eastern China are remarkably correlated with the East Asian monsoon in seasonal and interannual scales. In the seasonal timescale, the obvious variations of the vegetation ecosystems occur with the development of the East Asian monsoon from the south in the spring to the north in the autumn. In the interannual scale, high LAI appears in the strong East Asian monsoon year, whereas low LAI is related to the weak East Asian monsoon year. These further lead to the characteristic of “monsoon driven ecosystem” in the eastern China monsoon region, which can be revealed by LAI.

关键词： the East Asian monsoon monsoon ecosystem LAI climate change.

Summer Arctic sea fog

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2001年第2期20卷 183-196页

作者： Xie Simei, Xue Zhenhe, Jiang Dezhong, Zou Bin, Qu Shaohou (1. National Research Center for Marine Environment Forecasts, Beijing 100081, China 2. institute of atmospheric physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing {2., China) Natl. Res. Ctr. for Marine Envrn. Fo Beijing 100081 China

Synchronous or quasi-synchronous sea-land-air observations were conducted using advanced sea ice, atmospheric and marine instruments during China's First Arctic Expedition. *** on the Precious data from the expedition, it was found that in the Arctic Ocean, most part of which is covered with ice or is mixed with ice, various kinds of sea fog formed such as advection fog, radiation fog and vapor fog. Each kind he its own characteristic and mechanics of creation. In the southern part of the Arctic Ocean, due to the sufficient warm and wet flow there, it is favorable for advection fog to form, which is dense and lasts a long time. On ice cap or vast floating ice, due to the strong radiation cooling effect, stable radiating fog is likely to form. In floating ice area there forms vapor fog with the appearance of masses of vapor from a boiling pot, which is different from short-lasting land fog. The study indicates that the reason why there are many kinds of sea fog form in the Arctic Ocean is because of the complicated cushion and the consequent sea-air interaction caused by the sea ice distribution and its unique physical characteristics. Sea fog is the atmospheric phenomenon of sea-air heat exchange. Especially, due to the high albedo of ice and snow surface, it is diffcult to absorb great amount of solar radiation during the polar days. Besides, ice is a poor conductor of heat; it blocks the sea-air heat exchange. The sea-air exchange is active in floating ice area where the ice is broken. The sea sends heat to the atmosphere in form of latent heat; vapor fog is a way of sea-air heat exchange influencing the climate and an indicator of the extent of the exchange. The study also indicates that the sea also transports heat to the atmosophere in form of sensible heat when vapor fog occurs.

关键词： Arctic sea fog vapor fog radiation fog advection fog mechanism of the creation of sea fog

Forecasting the summer rainfall in North China using the year-to-year increment approach

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Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第4期52卷 532-539页

作者： FAN Ke1, LIN MeiJing1,2.& GAO YuZhong3.1 Nansen-Zhu International Research Center, institute of atmospheric physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing {2., China 2.Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 3.Heilongjiang Meteorological Administration, Harbin 15003., China Nansen-Zhu International Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Heilongjiang Meteorological Administration Harbin China

A new approach to forecasting the year-to-year increment of rainfall in North China in July-August (JA) is proposed. DY is defined as the difference of a variable between the current year and the preceding year (year-to-year increment). NR denotes the seasonal mean precipitation rate over North China in JA. After analyzing the atmospheric circulation anomalies associated with the DY of NR, five key predictors for the DY of NR have been identified. The prediction model for the DY of NR is established by using multi-linear regression method and the NR is obtained (the current forecasted DY of NR added to the preceding observed NR). The prediction model shows a high correlation coefficient (0.8) between the simulated and the observed DY of NR throughout period 1965-1999, with an average relative root mean square error of 19% for the percentage of precipitation rate anomaly over North China. The prediction model makes a hindcast for 2.00-2.07, with an average relative root mean square error of 2.% for the percentage of precipitation rate anomaly over North China. The model reproduces the downward trend of the percentage of precipitation rate anomaly over North China during 1965-2.06. Because the current operational prediction models of the summer precipitation have average forecast scores of 60%-70%, it has been more difficult to forecast the summer rainfall over North China. Thus this new approach for predicting the year-to-year increment of the summer precipitation (and hence the summer precipitation itself) has the potential to significantly improve operational forecasting skill for summer precipitation.

关键词： annual increment North China precipitation prediction prediction skill

The influence of moderate ENSO on summer rainfall in eastern China and its comparison with strong ENSO

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第5期53卷 791-800页

作者： XUE Feng1 & LIU ChangZheng1,2.1 institute of atmospheric physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10002., China 2.Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China institute of atmospheric{2. Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The 6 major ENSO events since 1979 are classified into the strong and moderate ENSO based on in-tensity. The composite analysis is performed to reveal the influence of ENSO on East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and summer rainfall in eastern China. It is shown that the influence is changed with the seasonal cycle in summer, with a weaker influence in June and a stronger influence in August, in-dicating a long lagged effect of ENSO on EASM. Besides, the circulation and rainfall anomalies caused by the strong ENSO are also stronger with an earlier starting time, while the influence of the moderate ENSO is evident in August. The composite summer rainfall in eastern China for the moderate ENSO exhibits a northern rainfall pattern, which is totally different from the classical ENSO-type rainfall pat-tern. Based on the composite analysis, two moderate ENSO years with a similar intensity (i.e., 1995 and 2.03. are compared. The result shows that, the response of EASM to the moderate ENSO during June and July is, to a certain degree, modulated by the circulation systems in mid-high latitudes of Eurasia and in the Southern Hemisphere, thereby inducing a different rainfall distribution in eastern China. In comparison with the strong ENSO in 1983. it is further revealed that, the strong ENSO plays a dominant role in summer rainfall anomalies in eastern China as well as in controlling the influence of the other factors on EASM. The strong ENSO is therefore different with the moderate ENSO.

关键词：中国东部海洋气象学厄尔尼诺现象东亚季风降雨

A quasi-geostrophic wavelet-spectrum model for barotropic atmosphere and its numerical solution

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2004年第11期 48-54页

作者： DAI Xingang 1,2.*, WANG Ping 3. and CHOU Jifan 2. (1. Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia, institute of atmospheric physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, START Regional Center for Temperate East Asia, Beijing {2., China 2. Department of {2. Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 73.000, China 3. College of {3., Peking University, Beijing 100871, China) KeyLaboratoryofRegionalClimate-EnvironmentforTemperateEastAsia InstituteofAtmosphericPhysicsChineseAcademyofSciencesSTARTRegionalCenterforTemperateEastAsiaBeijing100029China Collegeofphysics PekingUniversity.Beijing100871China DepartmentofatmosphericSciences LanzhouUniversityLanzhou730000.China

A quasi-geostrophic wavelet-spectrum model of barotropic atmosphere has been constructed by wavelet-Galerkin method with the periodic orthogonal wavelet bases. In this study a wavelet grid-spectrum transform method is designed to decrease the tremendous computation of the nonlinear interaction term in the model, and a two-dimensional Helmholtz equation from the model in a wavelet spectrum form is derived, and a solution with high precision under the periodic boundary condition is obtained. The numerical investigation manifests that the wavelet-spectrum model (WSM) could keep on running for a long time under the forcing of heating and topography. Although its numerical solution is compatible with the grid model (GM), the WSM is of a higher precision and faster convergence rate than GM's. A stationary solution comes forth when the model is forced only by the surface heating, whereas a quasi-periodic oscillation with a period about 15 days appears as considering the topography in the model. The latter oscillation, to some extent, is very similar to the Rossby index cycle of atmosphere over middle and high latitudes.

关键词： plane barotropic atmosphere wavelet-spectrum model wavelet grid-spectrum transform.

Asymptotic behavior of the shock solution for a class of nonlinear equations

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2003年第10期 48-50页

作者： MO Jiaqi 1*, ZHU Jiang 2.and WANG Hui 3.1. Department of Mathemtics, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 2.1000, China 2. ICEES, institute of atmospheric physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing {2., China 3. National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing 100085, China) Department of Mathemtics Anhui Normal University Wuhu 241000 China ICEES Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China National Natural Science Foundation of China Beijing 100085 China

The high precision approximation of the shock solution for a class of nonlinear problems is obtained using a simple method.

关键词： nonlinear equation shock boundary layer.

Simulation of soil erosion dynamics in grassland ecosystem of semi-arid China using the CENTURY model

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2000年第3期10卷 81-86页

作者： ZHANG Jia-hua1, FU Cong-bin 1 ,YAO Feng-mei 2.(1. START, institute of atmospheric physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10002. China 2. Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 10008{2. China)

Soil erosion can cause considerable effect on global natural resources and eco-environment. In the paper, the CENTURY model has been used to simulate soil erosion in Xilin Gol Grassland of Inner Mongolia. The results showed before the 1960s, the soil erosion amount was over 2.kg /m2.a in grassland ecosystem in the study area because no trees had been planted. But after the 1960s the mean annual accumulator C lost from soil organic matter due to soil erosion was only 0.3.kg /m2.a in forest ecosystem. So afforestation has exerted notable effect on decreasing soil erosion amount in Xilin Gol Grassland.

关键词： soil erosion CENTURY model grassland ecosystem semi-arid environment

An airborne microwave radiometer and measurements of cloud liquid water

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第S2期48卷 82-87页

作者： LEI Hengchi, JIN Dezhen, WEI Chong & SHEN Zhilai 1. institute of atmospheric Physice, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing{2., China 2. Jilin Weather Modification Office, Changchun 13.062. China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Atmospher Phys Beijing 100029 Peoples R China Jilin Weather Modificat Off Changsha 130062 Peoples R China

A single-channel (9.5 mm) airborne microwaveradiometer with one antenna is developed. The retrievalmethods and primary observation results of cloud liquidwater and super-cooled cloud liquid water are discussed. Theaircraft experiments show that the cloud liquid water andsuper-cooled liquid water can be sensitively monitored atsome level of accuracy by the radiometer. The results ofcloud liquid water content are reasonable and correspondwell with the surface radar echo intensity. The design of theairborne radiometer and its retrieval methods are feasible,giving it application value.

关键词： airhorne microwave radiometer microwave remote-sensing retrieval methods calibration methods cloud liquid water super-cooled liquid.

A 2.0-a record of atmospheric circulation over the North Pacific from a Mt. Logan ice core, Yukon Territory

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2005年第4期24卷 81-90页

作者： KANG Shichang MAYEWSKI Paul A YAN Yuping institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Climate Change institute University of Maine Orono ME 04469 USA Laboratory of Cryosphere and Environment Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China National Climate Center Beijing 100081 China

Calibrations between sodium （Na^＋） concentrations from a Mt. Logan ice core and sea level pressure （SLP） series show that Na^＋ concentrations are closely correlated with the autumn-time （September-October-November） Aleutian low （AleuLow）. A deepening of the AleuLow strengthens the transport of sea-salt aerosols from the North Pacific to the Mt. Logan region. The Mt. Logan Na^＋ record is used to develop a 2.2.a （1688-1979） reconstruction of the AleuLow revealing a dramatic intensification of atmospheric circulation over the North Pacific region since the 2.th century. Mean SLP of the AleuLow was about 1 hPa lower during the 2.th century than during prior periods. The strongest deepening of the AleuLow appeared in the 1950s. Significant correlations are also found between the Mt. Logan AleuLow proxy series and the Pacific decadal oscillation （PDO） and Pacific circulation （PC） index during the 2.th century. Evolutionary spectral analysis of the proxy record shows significant periodicities from 15 to 3. a consistent with PDO fluctuations and the bidecadal oscillation of North Pacific atmosphere-ocean circulation. A period of 11 a in the AleuLow record may be associated with the Schwabe 11-a cycle of sunspot activity. Additional longer ice core records from this region will aid in the efforts to further understand the climatic change over the North Pacific region.

关键词： atmospheric circulation ice core records North Pacific

Some evidence of drying trend over northern China from 1951 to 2.04

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第23期51卷 2913-2925页

作者： MA Zhuguo1,2.& FU Congbin1,2.1. Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10002., China 2. START Regional Center for Temperate East Asia, institute of Atmos-pheric{2., Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10002., China Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China START Regional Center for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The surface wetness index, Palmer drought sererity index and the retrieval of soil moisture over China were calculated using monthly precipitation and monthly mean surface air temperature. Based on the contrast analysis of the variation of the above three indices and precipitation, the dry/wet spatio-temporal pattern of northern China in the last 54 years was revealed, and the evidence of drying trend over northern China was analyzed, especially. The results show the following four facts: (1) The drying trend is the main characteristic of the eastern part of Northwest China and the central part of North China since the 1980s and it was enhanced in the last 15 years mainly due to the precipitation decrease and the temperature increase; (2. During the last 54 years, there was only one dry/wet shift at the interdecadal scale occurring in the eastern part of Northwest China and the central part of North China in the late 1970s, which was related to 1977/1978 global abrupt change, whereas there were three shifts in Northeast China, one was in the mid 1990s and the other two were in 1965 and 1983. respectively; (3. Unlike the variation trend of other subregions of northern China, the western part of Northwest China is currently located in a relatively wetting period, which is weak-ened due to the temperature increase; (4) The extreme drought frequency is obviously increasing in the eastern part of Northwest China, the central part of North China and Northeast China since the 1980s, which is closely related to the precipitation decrease and temperature increase in these subregions.

关键词：中国北方干燥趋向干旱索引气候背景