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Evidence from isotopic geochemistry as an indicator of eutrophication of Meiliang Bay in Lake Taihu, china

science china Earth sciences 2006年第z1期49卷 62-71页

作者： LIN Lin, WU Jinglu & WANG Sumin nanjing institute of Geography & Limnology, chinese academy of sciences,{3., china Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 10003., china chinese Acad Sci Nanjing Inst Geog & Limnol Nanjing 210008 Peoples R China chinese Acad Sci Grad Univ Beijing 100039 Peoples R China

In this paper, Lake Taihu, a large shallow freshwater lake in china, is chosen as an example of reconstruction of eutrophication through the comparison between stable isotopes from dissolved nutrients and plants and water column nutrient parameters and integration of multiple proxies in a sediment core from Meiliang Bay including TN, TP, TOC, C/N, δ15N, δ13., etc. Differences in aquatic plant species and trophic status between East Taihu Bay and Meiliang Bay are indicated by their variations in δ13. and δ15N of aquatic plants and δ15N of NH4+. A significant influence ofexternal nutrient inputs on Meiliang Bay is reflected in temporal changes in δ 15N of NH4+ and hydro-environmental parameters. The synchronous change between δ13. and δ15N values of sedimented organic matter (OM) has been attributed to elevated primary production at the beginning of eutrophication between 1950 and 1990, then recent inverse correlation between them has been caused by the uptake of 15N-enriched inorganic nitrogen by phytoplankton grown under eutrophication and subsequent OM decomposition and denitrification in surface sediments, indicating that the lake has suffered from progressive eutrophication since 1990. Based on the use of a combination of stable isotopes and elemental geochemistry, the eutrophication of Meiliang Bay in Lake Taihu could be better traced. These transitions of the lake eutrophication respectively occurring in the 1950s and 1990s have been suggested as a reflection of growing impacts of human activities, which is coincident with the instrumental data.

关键词： stable carbon isotope of OM, stable nitrogen isotope, eutrophication, Lake Taihu.

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Potassium Fractions in soils as Affected by Monocalcium Phosphate,Ammonium Sulfate,and Potassium Chloride Application

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Pedosphere 2010年第3期20卷 368-377页

作者： WANG Huo-Yan, ZHOU Jian-Min, DU Chang-Wen and CHEN Xiao-Qin State Key Laboratory of soil and Sustainable Agriculture, institute of soil {3., chinese academy of sciences, nanjing 2.0008 (china) [a] State Key Laboratory of soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 (China)

soil potassium （K） deficiency has been increasing over recent decades as a result of higher inputs of N and P fertilizers concomitant with lower inputs of K fertilizers in china; however, the effects of interactions between N, P, and K of fertilizers on K status in soils have not been thoroughly investigated for optimizing N, P, and K fertilizer use efficiency. The influence of ammonium sulfate （AS）, monocMcium phosphate （MCP）, and potassium chloride application on K fractions in three typical soils of china was evaluated during 90-d laboratory soil incubation. The presence of AS significantly altered the distribution of native and added K in soils, while addition of MCP did not significantly affected K equilibrium in most cases. Addition of AS significantly increased water-soluble K （WSK）, decreased exchangeable K （EK） in almost all the soils except the paddy soil that contained considerable amounts of 2：1 type clay minerals with K added, retarded the formation of fixed K in the soils with K added, and suppressed the release of fixed K in the three soils without K added. These interactions might be expected to influence the K availability to plants when the soil was fertilized with AS. To improve K fertilizer use efficiency, whether combined application of AS and K was to be recommended or avoided should depend on K status of the soil, soil properties, and cropping systems.

关键词： fertilizers K availability K fixation K release

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Sedimentary environment of the Dajin conglomerate in Tibet, age of foraminiferan assemblages and their tectonic significance

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2005年第11期15卷 1014-1020页

作者： YAN Zhen, FANG Aimin, PAN Yusheng, LI Jiliang, LIU Xiaohan, YU Liangjun and ZHANG Binggao (Laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonic Evolution, institute of Geology and Geophysics, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100029, china institute of Tibet Plateau Research, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100029, china nanjing institute of Paleontology, chinese academy of sciences, nanjing 2.0008, china) Laboratory of Lithosphere Tectonic Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China. institute of Tibet Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China. nanjing institute of Paleontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

The Dajin conglomerate, which is one of the most important sedimentary successions of the Xigaze forearc basin in Tibet, china, consists of deep-shallow marine tuffaceous turbidites and clastic rocks bearing Nummulites, Assilina, Alveolina and Lock-hartia . These fossils are very similar to the foraminiferan in the Jialazi and Maila conglomerates, and those in Gangba and Dingri areas. They developed in the Eocene. By analyzing the spatial variation of Eocene sedimentary environments of Tibet Plateau and the foraminiferan in the Dajin conglomerate, we found that Eocene sedimentation should take place on both sides of the Yarlung Tsangpo suture, and the late Eocene tectonic uplifting should make the forearc basin expose out of the sea level and begin to receive nonmarine deposits.

关键词： Dajin conglomerate marine deposits Eocene foraminiferan Yarlang Tsangpo sutnre.

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Interaction of NPK Fertilizers During Their Transformation in soils: I. Dynamic Changes of soil pH

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Pedosphere 2003年第3期13卷 257-262页

作者： WANG HUOYAN, ZHOU JIANMIN, CHEN XIAOQIN, LI SHOUTIAN, DU CHANGWEN and DONG CAIXIAinstitute of soil science, the{3., nanjing 2.0008 (china) institute of soil science the Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008

Dynamic changes of soil pH as influenced by ammonium sulfate (AS),monocalciuin phosphate (MCP), potassium chloride (KCl) and their interaction in soils were evaluatedin incubation experiments. Applying these fertilizers significantly reduced soil pH values in allcases and followed sequences of AS > MCP > KCl, MCP > KCl > AS and KCl > AS > MCP for the paddy,calcareous and red soils, respectively. The AS-induced reduction of pH in the three soils followedthe sequence of red soil > paddy soil > calcareous soil, while in MCP and KCl systems the reductionof pH followed the sequences of calcareous soil > paddy soil > red soil and red soil > calcareoussoil > paddy soil, respectively. The interactions of the NPK fertilizers on pH were significant. MCPplus KCl or MCP plus AS reduced pH values more than the fertilizers applied solely in the paddysoil, but AS partly counteracted the effect of MCP on pH in the 1 d sample of the calcareous *** effect of MCP on pH was trivial when MCP was applied in combination with KCl or AS in the redsoil. When applied in combination with AS, KCl did not affect soil pH initially, but suppressed thereduction of pH at the later incubation stage, which was related to inhibition of nitrification byKCl in the soils.

关键词： nitrogen pH phosphorus potassium

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Determination of Surface Area of Red Mud and Beringite Using Methylene Blue Method

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Pedosphere 2002年第2期12卷 189-192页

作者： ZHANG GANGYA, LUO YONGMING and DENG XIHAIinstitute of soil science, the{3., nanjing 2.0008 (china) bh.med.kyoto-u.ac.jp

The adsorption of methylene blue (MB) on three soil amendments,red mud from Hungary, rd mud from UK and beringite from Belgium, wasstudied to determine the surface areas of the amendments using a0.005 mol L^-1 NaCl solution and deionised water as backgroundsolutions. The surface areas determined by the methylene blue methodin the 0.005 mol L^-1 NaCl solution were 3.3.7, 2.3.0 and 5.576 m^2g^-1 for red mud (Hungary), red mud (UK) and beringite, respectively,slightly lower than those in the deionised water system.

关键词： beringite methylene blue red surface area

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Discovery of immune related factors in Fenneropenaeus chinensis by annotation of ESTs

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2004年第1期14卷 48-55页

作者： SHEN Yaoqing 1,2 , XIANG Jianhai 1*, WANG Bing 1,2 , LI Fuhua 1 and TONG Wei 3.1. Experimental Marine Biology Laboratory, institute of Oceanology, chinese academy of sciences, Qingdao 266071,china 2. Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 10003., china 3. Genomics & Bioinformatics institute, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 1013.0, china) chinese Acad Sci Inst Oceanol Expt Marine Biol Lab Qingdao 266071 Peoples R China chinese Acad Sci Grad Sch Beijing 100039 Peoples R China chinese Acad Sci Geonom & Bioinformat Inst Beijing 101300 Peoples R China

A total of 10446 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) are obtained by a large scale sequencing of a cDNA library from cephalothorax of adult Fenneropenaeus chinensis . An EST analysis platform was built up based on local computers and bioinformatic techniques were used to annotate these ESTs in order to promptly find possible functional genes, especially for immune related factors. About 4% of the ESTs show similarity to the coding sequences of such factors, including lectin, serine protease, serpin, lysozyme, etc. These ESTs provide a partial profile of the immune system in F. chinensis and useful information for further study on these genes.

关键词： Fenneropenaeus chinensis bioinformatics ESTs immune factors

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Bacterial Communities in a Buried Ancient Paddy soil from the Neolithic Age

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Pedosphere 2010年第3期20卷 389-398页

作者： SHEN Wei-Shou YIN Rui LIN Xian-Gui CAO Zhi-Hong State Key Laboratory of soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008 (China) College of Chemistry and Environmental science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210097 (China) Joint Open Laboratory of soil and Environment Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences and Hong KongBaptist University Nanjing 210008 (China)

An ancient irrigated paddy soil from the Neolithic age was excavated at Chuodunshan Site in the Yangtze River Delta, close to Suzhou, china. The soil organic matter (SOM) content in the prehistoric rice soil is comparable to the average SOM content of present rice soils in this region, but it is about 5 times higher than that in the parent materials. As possible biomarkers to indicate the presence of the prehistoric paddy soil, the bacterial communities were investigated using the techniques of aerobic and anaerobic oligotrophic bacteria enumeration, Biolog analysis, and polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). The results showed that in the buried soil layers, the prehistoric paddy soil had the largest number of aerobic and anaerobic oligotrophic bacteria, up to 6.12 and 5.86 log cfu g-1 dry soil, respectively. The prehistoric paddy soil displayed better carbon utilization potential and higher functional diversity compared to the parent materials and a prehistoric loess layer. The Shannon index and richness based on DGGE profiles of bacterial 16S rRNA genes were higher in prehistoric paddy soil than those in the prehistoric loess soil. It might be concluded that the prehistoric irrigated rice cultivation accumulated the SOM in plowed soil layer, and thus increased soil bacterial populations, metabolic activity, functional diversity and genetic diversity. Bacterial communities might be considered as the sensitive indicators of the presence of the prehistoric paddy soil in china's Yangtze River Delta.

关键词： biomarker denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis oligotrophic bacteria paleosols prehistoric paddy soil

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Nutrient Cycling and Balance in Red soil Agroecosystem and Their Management

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Pedosphere 2000年第2期10卷 107-116页

作者： HE YUANQIU and LI ZHIMING.(institute of soil science, the{3., P.O. Box 821, nanjing 2.0008 china) 中科院南京土壤所江苏南京 210008

An experiment was conducted in a red soil derived from Quaternary red clay in the Ecological ExperimentStation of Red soil, the chinese academy of sciences, located in Yingtan (28° 15′ 3.″ N, 116° 55′ 3.″E), Jiangxi Province. The results show that the major ways of nutrient loss are leaching and nitrogenvolatilization. Rationalizing crop distribution, stimulating nutrient recycling, and improving internal nutrientflow are effective measures to decrease nutrient loss and to promote nutrient utilization efficiency. Theimportant ways of regulating nutrient cycling and balance in the agroecosystem of the red soil are to establishoptimal eco-agricultural models, practice balanced fertilization and combine the cropping system with thelivestock system.

关键词： balance nutrient cycling red soil agroecosystem regulation options

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Zonal propagation of kinetic energy and convection in the South china Sea and Indian monsoon regions in boreal summer

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science china Earth sciences 2004年第12期47卷 1076-1084页

作者： CHEN Longxun 1 ,GAO Hui 2 ,HE Jinhai 2 ,TAO Shiyan 3.& JIN Zuhui 3.1.chinese academy of Meteorological sciences,Beijing 100081,{3. 2.nanjing institute of Meteorology,nanjing 210044,{3. 3.institute of Atmospheric Physics,chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 100029,{3. 1. chinese academy of Meteorological sciences 100081 Beijing China 2. nanjing institute of Meteorology 210044 Nanjing China 3. chinese academy of sciences Institute of Atmospheric Physics 100029 Beijing China

Zonal propagation of kinetic energy (KE) and convection in the South china Sea (SCS) and Indian summer monsoon areas are examined in present study. Results suggest that the SCS and Indian summer monsoon prevailed regions (5 —15°N) are dominated by the southwesterly wind, however, the disturbances of KE at 850 hPa and convection are observed mainly coming from the western Pacific Ocean (140—150°E), after passing through the SCS, and westward propagated into the Bay of Bengal (90—100°E). In the Indian summer monsoon domain, where the disturbances of KE are found mainly coming from the Arabian Sea (AS) and eastward propagated into the Bay of Bengal. Therefore, the SCS and the Indian summer mon- soon are quite different in zonal propagation of KE and convection. The SCS summer monsoon is mainly affected by the KE and convection coming from the tropical western Pacific. The Indian summer monsoon, however, can be partly influenced by the AS and the SCS summer monsoon. The analysis also suggests that the interaction region between the SCS and the Indian summer monsoon is around 90—95°E, rather than 105°E as proposed by earlier studies.

关键词： zonal propagation of KE and convection, East Asian monsoon, Indian monsoon.

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Modeling and verifying Web services driven by requirements:An ontology-based approach

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science in china(Series F) 2006年第6期49卷 792-820页

作者： HOU Lishan1,3.JIN ZHi1,2 & WU Budan1,4 1. academy of Mathematics and Systems science, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100080,{3. 2. institute of Computing Technology, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100080,{3. 3. institute of Software, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100080,{3. 4. Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100049,{3. 1. academy of Mathematics and Systems science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China 3. institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China 2. institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Bejing 100080 China 4. Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

Automatic discovery and composition of Web services is an important research area in Web service technology, in which the specification of Web services is a key issue. This paper presents a Web service capability description framework based on the environment ontology. This framework depicts Web services capability in two aspects： the operable environment and the environment changes resulting from behaviors of the Web service. On the basis of the framework, a requirement-driven Web service composition model has been constructed. This paper brings forward the formalization of Web service interactions with π calculus. And an automatic mechanism converting conceptual capability description to the formal process expression has been built. This kind of formal specification assists in verifying whether the composite Web service model matches the requirement.

关键词： Web service environment ontology automatic composition π calculus formal verification.

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