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Allocation of power generating and shipping of Hanjiang upstream cascade

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2005年第8期15卷 733-741页

作者： LIU Junping1* and CHANG Mingqi 2.3.1. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 3.0014,{2. 2. institute of Water Resources & Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048,{2. 3. Shanxi institute of Water Resources, Taiyuan 03.001,{2.) School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China institute of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering Xi'an University of Technology Xi'an 710048 China Shanxi institute of Water Resources Taiyuan 030001 China

The optimal model and simulating model of the Hanjiang cascade reservoirs operation with one day as its calculating period are established to coordinate the contradictions between power generating and shipping. The optimal model is solved by progressive optimality algorithm method adopting the theory of large system decomposing and coordinating. By analyzing the water allocation results obtained from six schemes, which are two cascades, four cascades and seven cascades joint operation considering shipping or not, the contradiction degree between power generating and shipping is investigated and some joint operation schemes are proposed.

关键词： cascade power generating contradiction shipping optimal operation.

Detection of water in petroleum inclusions and its implications

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science Bulletin 2006年第12期51卷 1501-1507页

作者： CAO Jian1, YAO Suping1, HU Wenxuan1, ZHANG Yijie2. WANG Xulong3. ZHANG Yueqian3.& TANG Yong3.1. State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposit Research, Department of Earth sciences, nanjing University, nanjing 2.0093.{3. 2. Research institute of Exploration and Development, Petrochina, Bei- jing 100083.{3. 3. Research institute of Exploration and Development, Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Petrochina, Karamay 83.000,{3. State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposit Research Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Research institute of Exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China Research institute of Exploration and Development Xinjiang Oilfield Company PetroChina Karamay 834000 China

FTIR spectra of inclusions sampled from fault-zone reservoirs of the northwestern Junggar Basin show that water, with different abundances, does exist in petroleum inclusions. It is thus implied that petroleum inclusions can seldom form without water. Different inclusions hosted in one single grain, and formed in one oil charging phase, have a largely varied ratio of water to oil and slightly changed CH3.CH2.ratio. This likely provides evidence for fault-related episodic migration and accumulation of hydrocarbons.

关键词： water in petroleum inclusions forming mechanism of inclusions episodic migration and accumulation of hydrocarbons FTIR microspectroscopy Junggar Basin.

The optical near-field speckles and their first order statistics on the basis of the integral equations of electromagnetic field

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science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2004年第3期47卷 365-380页

作者： CHENG Chuanfu1, 2. SONG Hongsheng2. LIU Chunxiang2. REN Xiaorong2. ZHANG Ningyu3. TENG Shuyun1 & XU Zhizhan1 1. Shanghai institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese {2. of sciences, P. O. Box 800-2.1, Shanghai 2.1800,{3. 2. Department of Physics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 2.0014,{3. 3. Shandong institute of Architecture and Engineering, Jinan 2.0014,{3. 1. Shanghai institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences P. O. Box 800-211 201800 Shanghai China 2. Department of Physics Shandong Normal University 250014 Jinan China 3. Shandong institute of Architecture and Engineering 250014 Jinan China

From Helmholtz equation of the harmonic electromagnetic waves, the integral equations of the light field at the medium boundaries are obtained by use of the Green's theorem and are discretized into linear equation set with the values of the light field and its derivative as the unknowns. On solving the linear equation set, we realize the rigorous computations of the light fields at the boundaries. Then the intensities of the light waves scattered by the random self-affine fractal surfaces in the optical near-field are calculated, and the propagation characteristics, the evolutions of the contrast and the intensity probability density function of the near-field speckles are studied in detail. The near-field speckles are much different from the conventional speckles in the diffraction regions and in the imaging systems. There are obvious local fluctuations in the intensity distributions of the near-field speckles and such fluctuations disappear after propagating a distance of one wavelength from the medium surfaces. For the random surfaces with smaller lateral correlation lengths, the speckle contrasts approach the saturation values and the speckle fields approach Gaussian distribution within the near-field, while for the random surfaces with larger lateral correlation lengths, such evolutions become comparatively slow.

关键词： speckle, near-field optics, first order statistics, Green's function.

Global analysis theory of climate system and its applications

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Chinese science Bulletin 2003年第10期48卷 1034-1039页

作者： LI Jianping1,2.& CHOU Jifan2.3.1. LASG, institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese {2. of sciences, Beijing 10002.,{3. 2. Department of Atmospheric sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 73.000,{3. 3. Training Center for{3. Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081,{3. Department of Atmospheric sciences Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

The idea and main theoretical results of the global analysis theory of climate system are briefly summarized in this paper. A theorem on the global behavior of climate system is given, i.e. there exists a global attractor in the dynamical equations of climate, any state of climate system will be evolved into the global attractor as time increases, indicating the nonlinear adjustment process of climate system to external forcing. The different effects of external forcing, dissipation and nonlinearity on the long-term behavior of solutions are pointed out, and some main applications of the global analysis theory are also introduced. Especially, three applications, the adjustment and evolution processes of climate, the principle of numerical model design and the optimally numerical integration, are discussed.

关键词：整体分析理论气侯体系应用不定性计算法则气侯科学数字模型

Forcing mechanism of the Pleistocene east Asian monsoon variations in a phase perspective

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science china Earth sciences 2005年第10期48卷 1708-1717页

作者： TIAN Jun1,2. WANG Pinxian1, CHENG Xinrong1, WANG Rujian1 & SUN Xiangjun1,3.1. State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 2.0092. china 2. {2. of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese academy of {3.s, Beijing 10002., china 3. {2. of Botany, Chinese academy of {3.s, Beijing 100093. china State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji University Shanghai china institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese academy of {2.s Beijing{3. institute of Botany Chinese academy of {2.s Beijing{3.

The deep sea records from the ODP Sites 1143.and 1144 in the northern and southern South china Sea (SCS), including foraminiferal δ 18O and δ 13., Opal% and pollen percentage, reveal that the variations of the east Asian monsoon have been closely correlated with the variations of the Earth’s orbital parameters (eccentricity, obliquity and precession) and the global ice volume on orbital scale. All the monsoonal proxies show strong 100 ka, 41 ka and 2.0}ka cycles. Although G. ruber δ 13. of Site 1143.is coherent with the ETP (ETP= normalized (eccentricity + obliquity-precession) at eccentricity, obliquity and precession bands, most of the coherent relationship focuses on the precession band, and the other monsoonal proxies are coherent with the ETP only at the precession band, which indicate that precession dominates the Pleistocene tropical climate changes. The phase relationship of the monsoonal proxies with the foraminiferal δ 18O implies that the global ice volume changes have played a significant role in modulating the east Asian monsoon climate, at least dominating the winter monsoon. This forcing mechanism of the east Asian monsoon is apparently different from that of the Indian ocean mon-soon. The variations of the east Asian monsoon at the precession band, at least that of the winter monsoon, have been controlled not only by the sensible heating but also by the latent heating of the surface water in the South china Sea.

关键词： South china Sea, ODP, east Asian monsoon, orbital forcing, global ice volume.

Alterations in DNA methylation and genome structure in two rice mutant lines induced by high pressure

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science china(Life sciences) 2006年第2期49卷 97-104页

作者： SHEN Sile1,3. WANG Zhenwei3. SHAN Xiaohui2. WANG Hua3. LI Ling3. LIN Xuyun2. LONG Likun2. WENG Kenan4, LIU Bao2.& ZOU Guangtian1 1. National Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun 13.012. china 2. institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 13.02., china 3. College of Life {3., Jilin University, Changchun 13.012. china 4. Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry, Chinese academy of {3.s, Guangzhou 510640, china 1. National Laboratory of Superhard Materials Jilin University Changchun 130012 China 3. College of Life science Jilin University Changchun 130012 China 2. institute of Genetics and Cytology Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China 4. Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China

By using high-pressure treatment, two mutant lines were obtained from agenetically stable japonica rice cultivar Bijing3.. Genomic DNA of the mutant lines, together withthe original line (Bijing3.), was either undigested or digested by Hpa ⅡIMspⅠ, and then subjectedto molecular analysis using two markers, ISSR and RAPD. Results indicated that changes in the PCRamplification profiles of both markers are apparent in the two mutant lines compared with theoriginal rice cultivar, suggesting that there had been both sequence changes and DNA methylationmodifications in the mutant lines. Southern blot analysis using diverse sequences, including twocellular genes (S2.and S3., a set of retrotransposons (Osr7, Osr3., Tos19 and more), and a MITEtransposon family (mPing and Pong), confirmed the results, and indicated that changes in DNAmethylation pattern, genomic structure, and possible activation of some transposons indeed occurredin the mutant lines. Moreover, these changes are stably maintained through selfed generations and indifferent organs. Thus, our results indicate that it is possible to obtain stable mutants in riceby high pressure treatments, and the molecular basis of the mutants may include both genetic andepigenetic changes. Therefore, high hydrostatic pressure seems a promising approach for plantmutagenesis.

关键词： DNA methylation, genomic changes, high pressure, mutagenesis, rice.

Statistical analyses of metric data of hominoid teeth found in Yuanmou of china

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Chinese science Bulletin 2000年第10期45卷 936-942页

作者： LIU Wu, ZHENG Liang & JIANG Chu1. institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese academy of {2.s, Beijing 100044,{3. 2. institute of Archaeology of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650118,{3. 3. Yuanmou Man Museum, Yuanmou 6513.0,{3. institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China institute of Archaeology of Yunnan Province Kunming China Yuanmou Man Museum Yuanmou China

Mesial-distal and buccal-lingual dimensions of 1 2.6 hominoid teeth found in Yuanmou of Yunnan Province during the period of 1986 and 1988 have been measured. The statistical analyses of the metric data show that the tooth sizes of Yuanmou hominoid can be divided into big and small two types, and most tooth dimensions display obvious bimodalities in both histograms and 2.dimensional plots. The coefficients of variance (CV) reveal that the CVs of Yuanmou hominoid tooth sizes are within or close to the CV ranges of Lufengpithecus and extant great apes. The comparisons of tooth sizes and their proportions indicate that Yuanmou hominoids have close affinities with Lefeng and Kaiyuan hominoids, and have obvious differences with Gorilla, Chimpanzee and Orangutan. The authors believe that the hominoid fossils found in Yuanmou in the past 10 years represent a single species with highly sexual dimorphism in morphology and this species may have a close evolutionary relationship with the hominoids found in

关键词： human origin Yuanmou hominoid dental metrics statistical analyses.

The effects of K^+ growth conditions on the accumulation of cesium by the bacterium Thermus sp. TibetanG6

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science china(Life sciences) 2006年第2期49卷 123-129页

作者： WANG Hailei1,2.3. KONG Fanjing1,2.3.& ZHENG Mianping1,2.3.1. R&D Center for Saline Lake and Epithermal Deposits, Chinese academy of Geological sciences, Beijing 10003., china 2. Key Open Laboratory of Saline Lake Resources and Environment, Chinese academy of Geological sciences, Beijing 10003., china 3. {12. of Mineral Resources, Chinese academy of Geological sciences, Beijing 10003., china R&D Center for Saline Lake Epithermal Deposits Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China Key Open Laboratory of Saline Lake Resources Environment Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China institute of Mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China

The accumulation of cesium by the bacterium Thermus sp. TibetanG6 was examined under different K+ growth conditions. The effects of external pH and Na+ on the accumulation of ce-sium were also studied, and the mechanism involved was discussed. K+ regimes played an important role in the accumulation of cesium by the strain TibetanG6. The quantity of cesium accumulated (2. h) was much higher in K+-deficient regime than that in K+-sufficient regime. The pH and Na+ had different effects on the accumulation of cesium in the two K+ regimes. IR spectra analyses indicated that the biosorption is a process of homeostasis with cesium initially accumulated on the cell wall.

关键词： Thermus sp. TibetanG6, cesium, bioaccumulation, K+-growth condition, pH, sodium, IR spectroscopy.

Formal analysis and design of multi-party fair exchange protocols

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science in china(Series F) 2006年第2期49卷 155-174页

作者： QING Sihan1,2.3.& LI Gaicheng1,3.1. Engineering Research Center for Information Security Technology, {2. of Software, Chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100080,{3. 2. Beijing Zhongke Ansheng Corporation of Information Technology, Beijing 100080,{3. 3. Graduate School of the Chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 10003.,{3. 1. Engineering Research Center for Information Security Technology Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China 2. Beijing Zhongke Ansheng Corporation of Information Technology Beijing 100080 China 3. Graduate School of the Chinese academy of {2.s Beijing 100039 China

Based on the origin of message items and channel combination between transacting parties, and events and relations among events, this paper presents a concise, precise, and hierarchical model for general fair exchange protocols, formally specifies various security requirements which are able to reflect inherent requirements for fair exchange protocols more rigorously, and partition these security requirements with fine granularity. This work helps analyze, debug, and design multi-party fair exchange protocols more effectively and elaborately,

关键词： fair exchange logical protocol formal model security requirement.