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Spatial heterogeneity of the driving forces of cropland change in china

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Science china Earth sciences 2005年第12期48卷 2231-2240页

作者： LIU Xuhua1,2, WANG Jinfeng1, LIU Mingliang4,1 & MENG Bin1,2,3.1. Institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources Research, chinese Academy of sciences, {3. 100101, china 2. graduate School of the chinese Academy of sciences, {3. 10003., china 3. College of Arts and sciences of {3. Union university, {3. 100083. china 4. School of Forestry and Wildlife sciences, Auburn university, Auburn, Alabama, AL3.849, USA 1. Institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China 2. graduate School of the chinese Academy of sciences 100039 Beijing China 3. School of Forestry and Wildlife sciences Auburn University Auburn AL36849 Alabama USA 4. College of Arts and sciences of beijing Union university 100083 Beijing China

By using digital satellite remote sensing data acquired in 1987―1989 and 1999―2000 and GIS combined with the natural and socio-economic data, this paper drew an integrated zonation of the cropland change and its driving forces in china. The results indicated that the cropland change in the study period was constrained by geographical factors and driven by cli-mate change as well as socio-economic system. Moreover, the regional differences of the drivers for cropland change were significant. In the midwest of china, natural condition changes and geographical background were the main constraints and drivers, while in Eastern china, social and economic changes and economic policies were the main driving forces. The cropland loss was nationwide. The dominant factors to cause this decrease included buildup of developing area to attract foreign capital and technologies, changes of industry structure due to urban in-fluence, the change of employment notions thanks to living standard improvement, rapid ur-banization due to the expansion of cities and towns, the diminished farming net income partly because of the global warming effects, and the rapid economic growth stimulated by the con-venient transportation system. These factors interact and interdepend with each other to cause the cropland loss in china recently. The reasons for the increase of cropland were primarily the cultivation and deforestation by the farmers who want to increase income. This study on the mechnism of LUCC relied on the cropland change integrated classification considering the natural or human factors both inside and outside the region, which provides a new approach to study the integrated regionalization and LUCC mechanism.

关键词： land use change, driving force, integrated classification, spatial statistics, cropland, china.

The onset and advance of the Asian summer monsoon

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Science Bulletin 2006年第1期51卷 80-88页

作者： Lü Junmei1,2,4, ZHANG Qingyun1, TAO Shiyan1 & JU Jianhua3.1. State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sci- ences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100029,{3. 2. Department of Atmospheric sciences, Yunnan university, Kunming 650091,{3. 3.{3. Meteorological Administration Training Centre, beijing 100081,{3. 4. graduate School of chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 10003.,{3. State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Department of Atmospheric sciences Yunnan University Kunming 650091 China graduate School of chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100039 China china Meteorological Administration Training Centre Beijing 100081 China

Based on the daily outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) data from National Oceanic and At- mospheric Administration (NOAA) satellites, the Cli- mate Prediction Center’s merged analysis of pre- cipitation (CMAP) data and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for At- mospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis dataset, the mean intraseasonal variability of the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) is investigated by using power spectrum analysis, band-pass filter, and diagnostic analyses. The processes of the onset and advance of monsoon over the southern part of Indo- china Peninsula, the east coast of Bay of Bengal, the South china Sea and the Indian subcontinent are explored. It is found that there is an abrupt change in OLR, precipitation and zonal wind during the onset and advance of the ASM. It is also indicated that the southern part of Indochina Peninsula and the adja- cent Andaman Sea is the region where the earliest onset of the ASM occurs in the 2nd pentad of May.

关键词： Asian summer monsoon intraseasonal variability onset advance.

On conformal measures for infinitely renormalizable quadratic polynomials

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Science china Mathematics 2005年第10期48卷 1411-1420页

作者： HUANG Zhiyong~1 JIANG Yunping~(2,3. & WANG Yuefei~3.1. School of Information,Renmin university of china,beijing 100872,{3. 2. Department of Mathematics,Queens College,City university of New York,NY 113.7,USA Department of Mathematics,graduate School,City university of New York,New York,NY 10016,USA 3. Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science,chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100080,{3. 1. School of Information Renmin University of China 100872 Beijing China 2. Department of Mathematics Queens College City University of New York 11367 NY USA 3. Department of Mathematics Graduate School City University of New York 10016 New York NY USA 4. Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences 100080 Beijing China

We study a conformal measure for an infinitely renormalizable quadratic polynomial. We prove that the conformal measure is ergodic if the polynomial is unbranched and has complex bounds. The main technique we use in t... 详细信息

关键词： Julia set, conformal measure, three-dimensional puzzle, infinitely renormalizable quadratic polynomial.

Power functions with low uniformity on odd characteristic finite fields

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Science china Mathematics 2010年第8期53卷 1931-1940页

作者： ZHA ZhengBang 1,3.& WANG XueLi 2 1 School of Mathematical sciences,Luoyang Normal university,Luoyang 471022,china 2 School of Mathematical sciences,South china Normal university,Guangzhou 51063.,china 3.State Key Laboratory of Information Security,graduate university of chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china 1. School of Mathematical sciences Luoyang Normal University Luoyang 471022 China3. State Key Laboratory of Information Security Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China2. School of Mathematical Sciences South China Normal University Guangzhou 510631 China

In this paper,we give some new low differential uniformity of some power functions defined on finite fields with odd *** corollaries of the uniformity,we obtain two families of almost perfect nonlinear functions in GF... 详细信息

关键词： almost perfect nonlinear function differential uniform function finite field

Preparation of Pt/K_2La_2Ti_3._(10) and its photo-catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution from methanol water solution

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Science china Chemistry 2006年第2期49卷 162-168页

作者： CUI Wenquan1,3. LIU Li2, FENG Liangrong1, XU Chenghua1, LI Zijian1, Lü Shaojie1 & QIU Fali1 1. Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, chinese Academy of sciences, Chengdu 610041, china 2. Chemistry Department, Sichuan {3. of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643.3., china 3. graduate School of the chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 10003., china Correspondence should be addressed to Qiu Fali 1. Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China 3. graduate School of the chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100039 China 2. Chemistry Department Sichuan University of Science & Engineering Zigong 643033 China

A layered perovskite-type oxide K2La2Ti3.10 was prepared with high-temperature solid-state reaction, and characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and ultraviolet-visible diffuse re-flectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS). Platinum was loaded onto K2La2Ti3.10 as a co-catalyst with different methods. The dispersion of platinum on K2La2Ti3.10 was determined with HOT method. The photocatalytic activity of Pt/K2La2Ti3.10 was studied. This catalyst showed much higher activity in hydrogen evolution reaction than Ni/K2La2Ti3.10. The effects of different amounts of loaded platinum and several preparation methods were evaluated. The best achieved hydrogen evolution rate was 23..88 μmol·h?1 by Pt(2%)/K2La2Ti3.10. A possible band structure and mechanism were discussed based on the results.

关键词： photocatalysis hydrogen platinum K_2La_2Ti_3._(10) support

Formal Verification under Unknown Constraints

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Wuhan university Journal of Natural sciences 2005年第1期10卷 43-46页

作者： LI Guang-hui 1,2,3., LI Xiao-wei 2,3.. School of Information Engineering, Zhejiang Forestry College, Hangzhou 3.13.0, Zhejiang, china 2. Institute of Computing Technology, chinese Academy of sciences, {3. 100080, china 3. graduate School of the chinese Academy of sciences, {3. 10003., china School of Information Engineering Zhejiang Forestry College Hangzhou 311300 Zhejiang China

We present a formal method of verifying designs with unknown constraints (e.g., black boxes) using Boolean satisfiability (SAT). This method is based on a new encoding scheme of unknown constraints, and solves the corresponding conjunctive normal form (CNF) ***,this method can avoid the potential memory explosion, which the binary decision diagram (BDD) based techniques maybe suffer from, thus it has the capacity of verifying large designs. Experimental results demonstrate the efficiency and feasibility of the proposed method.

关键词： formal verification unknown constraints black box Boolean satisfiability Boolean comparison

Scale effects of leaf area index inversion based on environmental and disaster monitoring satellite data

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Science china Earth sciences 2010年第S1期53卷 92-98页

作者： ZHANG Hao1,LI XiaoWen1,2,CAO ChunXiang1,YANG Hua2,GAO MengXu1,3.ZHENG Sheng1,3.XU Min1,3.XIE DongHui2,JIA HuiCong1,JI Wei1,ZHAO Jian1,3.CHEN Wei1,3.& NI XiLiang1,3.1 State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science,Jointly Sponsored by Institute of Remote Sensing Applications,chinese Academy of sciences and beijing Normal {3.,beijing 100101,china 2 State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science,Jointly Sponsored by beijing Normal {3. and Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100875,china 3.graduate {3. of chinese Academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University Beijing 100101 China2. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by Beijing Normal University and Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100875 China3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The spatial distribution of sub-pixel components has an impact on retrieval accuracy,and should be accounted for when inverting a three-dimensional adiative transfer model to retrieve leaf area index(LAI).To investigate this effect,we constructed three realistic scenarios with the same LAI values and other properties,except that the simulated plants had different *** implemented the radiosity method to subsequently produce synthetic bidirectional reflectance factor(BRF) datasets based upon these simulated *** inversion was conducted using these data,which showed that spatial distribution affects retrieval *** inversion was also conducted for LAI based on charge-coupled device(CCD) data from the Environment and Disaster Monitor Satellite(HJ-1),which depicted both forest and drought-resistant crop land *** showed that heterogeneity in coarse-resolution remote sensing data is the main error source in LAI *** spatial distribution of global fractal dimension index,which can be used to describe the area of sub-pixel components and their spatial distribution modes,shows good consistency with the coarse resolution LAI inversion error.

关键词： HJ-1 leaf area index scale effect spatial distribution

Estimating surface evapotranspiration using combined MODIS and CBERS-02 data

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 145-160页

作者： XIN Xiaozhou1,2, LIU Qinhuo1, TANG Yong1,3. TIAN Guoliang1, GU Xingfa1, LI Xiaowen1,2, ZHENG Hongsheng4 & CHEN Jiayi4 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100101,{3. 2. Research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS, Department of Geography, beijing Normal university, beijing 100875,{3. 3. graduate university of chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 10003.,{3. 4. Department of Atmospheric Physics, Peking university, beijing 100871,{3. 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China2. Research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS Department of Geography Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100039 Beijing China4. Department of Atmospheric Physics Peking University 100871 Beijing China

Spatial scale error is one of the most serious problems in the estimates of land surface heat fluxes of sensible and latent from satellite-borne data such as MODIS 1km resolution reflectance and emissive data. One of the feasible and economic ways to decrease the spatial scale error is to use high resolution land use class data together with the MODIS data. CBERS-02 data were used to produce land use class of Baiyangdian area, Hebei Province, china in the autumn of 2004. The area ratio of each class in MODIS pixel was calculated, and used to derive the heat fluxes of the mixed pixel. The results showed that the estimated heat fluxes of soil, sensible and latent have been changed remarkably after using the high resolution land class data. It could be concluded from the comparison between simulated and ground-measured fluxes as well as the theoretical analysis that high resolution land class data are useful to diminishing the scale error of heat fluxes estimated from low resolution satellite data.

关键词： surface evapotranspiration spatial scale error MODIS CBERS land class.

Compositions of heavy minerals in Northeastern china sandlands and provenance analysis

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Science china Earth sciences 2007年第11期50卷 1715-1723页

作者： XIE Jing1,2 & DING ZhongLi1 1 Institute of Geology and Geophysics, chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100029,{3. 2 graduate university of chinese Academy of sciences, beijing 100049,{3. 1. Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China 2. graduate university of chinese Academy of {3. Beijing 100049 China

Sand samples deposited since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) from the Hulun Buir, Horqin and Otin-dag sandlands were measured for their assemblages of heavy minerals and chemical compositions of detrital garnets and tourmalines. Heavy mineral assemblages of these three sandlands consist mainly of garnet, ilmenite, epidote and minor amphibole and magnetite. Garnets consist mainly of high Mg type-A ones (58% on average), and minor type-B ones. Toumalines are mainly composed of Mg-rich and minor Fe-rich ones. Compared with those of central-southern Mongolia and central Tarim, these three sandlands are derived from the Phanerozoic rocks of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt and the Archean and Paleoprotorozoic basement rocks of the North china Craton. Our results provide direct evidence that the present-day sands may be reworked from LGM ones. Differences of heavy mineral composi-tions occur between the samples of the three sandlands and Taklimakan Desert, indicating that the material of the western arid regions contributes little to the eastern sandlands.

关键词： heavy minerals,provenance,Northeastern china,garnet,tourmaline