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A general information theoretical proof for the second law of thermodynamics

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2008年第7期51卷 813-816页

作者： ZHANG QiRen department of Technical Physics, peking university, beijing 100871,{3. department of Technical Physics Peking University Beijing China

It is shown that the conservation and the non-additivity of the information, together with the additivity of the entropy, make the entropy increase in an isolated system. The collapse of the entangled quantum state offers an example of the information non-additivity. Nevertheless, the non-additivity of information is also true in other fields in which the interaction information is important. Examples are classical statistical mechanics, social statistics and financial processes. The second law of thermodynamics is thus proven in its most general form. It is exactly true not only in quantum and classical physics but also in other processes in which the information is conservative and non-additive.

关键词： information conservation non-additivity of information entropy increase

Interaction between hydrogen sulfide/cystathionine γ-lyase and carbon monoxide/heme oxygenase pathways in aortic smooth muscle cells

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2006年第12期27卷 1561-1566页

作者： Hong-fang JIN~2 Jun-bao DU~(2,4)Xiao-hui LI~2 Yan-fei WANG~2 Yin-fang LIANG~2 Chao-shu TANG~3.2 department of Pediatrics,peking university First {3.,beijing 10003.,china 3.Institute of Cardiovascular Research,peking university First {3.,beijing 10003.,china department of Pediatrics Peking University First Hospital Beijing China Institute of Cardiovascular Research Peking University First Hospital Beijing China

Aim:To investigate the interaction between hydrogen sulfide（H2S）/cystathion-ine γ-lyase（CSE）and carbon monoxide（CO）/heme oxygenase（HO）pathways inaortic smooth muscle cells（ASMC）.Methods:The ASMCs were divided into thefollowing groups:（1）the control group;（2）the zinc protoporphyrin（ZnPP）20μmol/L group;（3.the propargylglycine（PPG）2 mmol/L,4 mmol/L and 10 mmol/Lgroups;and（4）the sodium hydrosulfide（NariS）1×10-5mol/L,1×10-4mol/L and1×10-3.ol/L *** of the groups was further divided into 6h,12h,18hand 24h *** CO level,represented by carboxyhemoglobin（HbCO）content was measured using a spectrophotometric method and H2S content wasdetected by a sensitive electrode *** and HO-1 expressions were de-tected by Western ***:The H2S content in the medium and CSEexpression by ASMC were markedly increased by ZnPP compared with the con-trol *** content in the medium and HO-1 expression by the ASMCstarted strengthening following 24h treatment with PPG at 2 mmol/L,but werefurther strengthened following 18h and 24h treatment with PPG at 4 mmol/Lcompared with the controls（P3.ol/L decreased them at all timepoints of the ***:The results suggested that endogenousCO/HO and H2S/CSE pathways inhibited each other in ASMC under physiologi-cal conditions.

关键词： hydrogen sulfide cystathionine γ-lyase carbon monoxide heme oxygenase

MEAM Potential with Angular Dependence for TiAl

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Rare Metals 2001年第1期20卷 13-17页

作者： Xiaodong Ni, Xitao Wang, Guoliang Chen (Physics department, university of Science and Technology beijing,{3., china State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, university of Science and Technology beijing,{3., china) 北京科技大学新金属材料国家重点实验室北京 100083 北京科技大学北京 100083

The modified embedded atom method (MEAM) is an empirical extension of the embedded atom method (EAM) that includes angular forces. By fitted to the lattice constants, the cohesive energy, the APE (anti-phase boundary) energy, and the vacancy formation energy of TiAl, an accurate MEAM potential is obtained for the TiAl system with L10 structure. The calculation results of the properties of TiAl are in good agreement with experiments and the results of first principle (F.P.) calculations.

关键词： embedded atom method TiAl alloy angular dependence potential intermetallics

Role of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors in α1-adrenergic receptorinduced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2006年第7期27卷 895-900页

作者： Da-li LUO~(2,3.5) Jian GAO~2 Xiao-mei LAN~3.Gang WANG~4 Sheng WEI~4 Rui-ping XIAO~4 Qi-de HAN~3. department of Pharmacology,School of Chemical Biology & Pharmaceutical Sciences,Capital university of Medical Sciences,beijing 100069,{3. 3.Institute of Cardiovascular Science at Health Science Center,peking university beijing 100083,{3. 4 Institute of Molecular Medicine and College of Life Science,peking university,beijing 100871,{3. department of Pharmacology School of Chemical Biology & Pharmaceutical Sciences Capital University of Medical Sciences Beijing China Institute of Cardiovascular Science at Health Science Center Peking University Beijing China Institute of Molecular Medicine and College of Life Science Peking University Beijing China

Aim:Intracellular Ca2+plays pivotal roles in diverse cellular functions,includinggene transcription that underlies cardiac remodeling during stress ***,the role of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors（IP3.s）in the media-tion of cardiac intracellular Ca2+and hypertrophic growth remains *** with neonatal rat ventricular myocytes suggests that activation of IP3.smay be linked to α1adrenergic receptor（α1AR）increased stereotyped Ca2+sparkoccurrence and global Ca2+***,we hypothesized that Ca2+releasethrough IP3.s was necessary for α1AR-stimulated cardiac ***:We used myoinositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate hexakis（butyryloxymethyl）ester（IP3.M）,a membrane-permeant ester of IP3.to activate IP3.s directly,and Fluo 4/AM tomeasure intracellular Ca2+***:IP3.M(10μmol·L-1)mimicked theeffects of phenylephrine,a selective agonist of α1AR,in increments in local Ca2+spark release（especially in the perinuclear area）and global Ca2+*** importantly,IP3. inhibitors,2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borateand Xestospongin C,abolished the IP3.M-induced Ca2+responses,and signifi-cantly suppressed α1AR-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy assayed by cellsize,[3.]leucine incorporation and atrial natriuretic factor gene expression,dur-ing sustained（48 h）phenylephrine ***:These results,therefore,provide cellular mechanisms that link IP3. signaling to α1AR-stimulatedgene expression and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.

关键词： inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors Ca2+sparks α1 adrenergic stimulation cardiac hypertrophy

Experimental measurement of growth patterns on fossil corals:Secular variation in ancient Earth-Sun distances

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第35期55卷 4010-4017页

作者： ZHANG WeiJia1,3.4,LI ZhengBin2,3.& LEI Yang1 1 department of Physics,peking university,{3. 100871,china 2 department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,peking university,{3. 100871,china 3.State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems & Networks,peking university,{3. 100871,china 4 Committee of Yuanpei Honors Program,peking university,{3. 100871,china department of Physics Peking University Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems & Networks Peking University Beijing China Committee of Yuanpei Honors Program Peking University Beijing China department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Peking University Beijing China

In recent years,much attention has been given to the increase in the Earth-Sun distance,with the modern rate reported as 5-15 m/cy on the basis of astronomical ***,traditional methods cannot measure the ancient leaving rates,so a myriad of research attempting to provide explanations were met with unmatched *** this paper we consider that the growth patterns on fossils could reflect the ancient Earth-Sun *** mechanical analysis of both the Earth-Sun and Earth-Moon systems,these patterns confirmed an increase in the Earth-Sun *** a large number of well-preserved specimens and new technology available,both the modern and ancient leaving rates could be measured with high precision,and it was found that the Earth has been leaving the Sun over the past 0.53.billion *** Earth's semi-major axis was 146 million kilometers at the beginning of the Phanerozoic Eon,equating to 97.6% of its current *** modern leaving rates are 5-14 m/cy,whereas the ancient rates were much *** results indicate a special expansion with an average expansion coefficient of 0.57H0 and deceleration in the form of Hubble *** the basis of experimental results,the Earth's semi-major axis could be represented by a simple formula that matches fossil measurements.

关键词：地球太阳古代距离生长模式实验石珊瑚量化

Right prefrontal laterality of Chinese boys during a Chinese high conflict Stroop task measured by multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy imaging

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第9期17卷 1023-1028页

作者： Liu Jiacheng1,Bai Jing1,Peng Miao2,Fan Xiaofei1 and Guo Qiyong3.1.department of Biomedical Engineering,Tsinghua university,beijing 100084,{3. 2.department of Electroneurophysiology,the Sixth hospital of peking university,beijing 100085,{3. 3.department of Radiology,The Second hospital of china Medical university,Shenyang 110003.{3.) department of Biomedical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China department of Electroneurophysiology Sixth Hospital of Peking University Beijing 100085 China department of Radiology Second Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang 110003 China

Some studies have shown that native Chinese speakers have different laterality in matched Stroop tasks from native English ***,many imaging data,which show left laterality of English-matched Stroop interference,have been *** a few functional imaging studies have been conducted to investigate the phenomenon of the Chinese version of Stroop *** this study,functional activity in the lateral prefrontal cortex of a group of normal Chinese boys with functional near-infrared imaging during a Stroop color-word task was measured to show different Stroop interferences in the prefrontal *** results show obvious fluctuation of the cerebral blood volume in the right prefrontal cortex in all boys,which agrees with the finding of previous studies,that is,Chinese native boys have right laterality in their brain when the Chinese version of Stroop color-word task is applied.

关键词： laterality Stroop effect prefrontal cortex near-infrared

Hydrogen sulfide ameliorates vascular calcification induced by vitamin D3.plus nicotine in rats

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2006年第3期27卷 299-306页

作者： Sheng-ying WU~(2,6) Chun-shui PAN~3.Bin GENG~3.Jing ZHAO~3.Fang YU~3.Yong-zheng PANG~3.Chao-shu TANG~4 Yong-fen QI~(3.4,5) ~2Institute of Cardiovascular Disease,peking university First hospital.{3. 10003. ~3.4} of Physiology and Pathophysiology,peking university Health Science Center,{3. 100083,china,~4Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science,Ministry of Education,{3. 100083,china Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Peking University First Hospital Beijing China department of Physiology and Pathophysiology Peking University Health Science Center Beijing China Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science Ministry of Education Beijing China

Aim:To investigate the role of the endogenous cystathionine γ-synthase(CSE)/hydrogen sulfide(H2S)pathway in vascular calcification in ***:A ratvascular calcification model was established by administration of vitamin D3.plusnicotine(VDN).The amount of CSE and osteopontin(OPN)mRNA was deter-mined by using semi-quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain *** calcium content,45Ca2+accumulation and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activitywere measured.H,S production and CSE activity were ***:yonKossa staining produced strong positive black/brown staining in areas amongthe elastic fibers of the medial layer in the calcified *** calcium content,45Ca2+accumulation and ALP activity in calcified arteries increased by 6.77-,1.42-,and 1.87-fold,respectively,compared with *** expression of the OPNgene was upregulated(P3..8%,40.75% and 63.5% lowerin the low-dosage NariS group than in the VDN group,respectively(P3.9%,3..8 % and 46.2% lower in the aorta in the high-dosage NariS group than in theVDN group,respectively(P<0.01).The expression of the OPN gene ***:The production of H,S,and CSE activity were de-creased and CSE gene expression was downregulated in rats with vascularcalcification.H2S can ameliorate vascular calcification,suggesting that the H2S/CSE pathway plays a regulatory role in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification.

关键词： hydrogen sulfide cystathionine-lyase vascular calcification mRNA

Fractal structure reconstruction for alumina-silicate refractory fiber and simulation of the thermal conductivity

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Journal of Thermal Science 2010年第1期19卷 80-86页

作者： XIA Dehong,GUO Shanshan,and Ren Ling department of Thermal Engineering,university of Science and Technology beijing,beijing 100083,china department of Thermal Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China

In this paper, it is proved that the intemal porous structure of alumina-silicate refractory fiber has fractal characteristics, which is reconstructed by the computer and the reconstructed structure further proved to have fractal characteristics. Based on the reconstructed structure, the network-thermal-resistance model is established to calculate the thermal conductivity of the fiber. It is shown that the calculated results agree well with the previous experimental ones, proving the correctness of the method.

关键词： fractal refractory fiber thermal conductivity

Interaction between antigen presenting cells and autoreactive T cells derived from BXSB mice with murine lupus

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Cell Research 2007年第6期17卷 556-564页

作者： Peng Yang Bo Li Ping Lv Yan Zhang Xiao-Ming Gao, department of Immunology, peking university Health Science Center, peking university, 3. Xueyuan Rd,{3., china department of Immunology Peking University Health Science Center Peking University Beijing China

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a typical autoimmune disease involving multiple systems and organs. Ampleevidence suggests that autoreactive T cells play a pivotal role in the development of this autoimmune disorder. This studywas undertaken to investigate the mechanisms of interaction between antigen presenting cells (APCs) and an autoreactiveT cell (ATL1) clone obtained from lupus-prone BXSB mice. ATL1 cells, either before or after γ-ray irradiation, wereable to activate naive B cells, as determined by B cell proliferation assays. Macrophages from BXSB mice were able tostimulate the proliferation of resting ATL1 cells at a responder/stimulator (R/S) ratio of 1/2.5. Dendritic cells (DCs) weremuch more powerful stimulators for ATL1 cells on a per cell basis. The T cell stimulating ability of macrophages and Bcells, but not DCs, was sensitive to γ-ray irradiation. Monoclonal antibodies against mouse MHC-Ⅱ and CD4 were ableto block DC-mediated stimulation of ATL1 proliferation, indicating cognate recognition between ATL1 and APCs. Ourdata suggest that positive feedback loops involving macrophages, B cells and autoreactive T cells may play a pivotalrole in keeping the momentum of autoimmune responses leading to autoimmune diseases.

关键词： SLE T cells antigen presenting cells