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Study on lithogeochemistry of Middle Jurassic basalts from southern China represented by the Fankeng basalts from Yongding of Fujian Province

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Science China earth Sciences 2006年第10期49卷 1020-1031页

作者： ZHOU Jincheng1,2. JIANG Shaoyong1,2. WANG Xiaolei1,2. YANG Jinghong 1,2.& ZHANG Mengqun 3.1. State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposit Research, nanjing university, {2. 2.0093. China 2. {3. of earth Sciences, nanjing university, {2. 2.0093. China 3. Modern Analysis Center, nanjing university, {2. 2.0093. China 1. State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposit Research Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China 2. department of earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China 3. Modern Analysis Center Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

There exists an E-W trending Middle Jurassic volcanic zone in southern China. The Fankeng basalts in the Yongding basin of Fujian Province are considered to be a typical example. The Fankeng basalts have TiO2.contents in the range of 1.92.-3.2.%. They are classified as high-Ti basalts. They also have higher total Fe (averaging FeO* = 11.09%). The Middle Jurassic Fankeng basalts from southwestern Fujian have obvious distinctive lithogeochemical features from early Cre- taceous basalts from southeastern coast of China. They have higher HFSE, such as Th, Nb, Ta, Zr and Ti. Their element ratios related with HFSE, such as Zr/Ba, La/Nb, La/Ta ,Zr/Y, Ti/Y, Ba/Nb, K/Ti and Rb/Zr are similar to those of OIB. The most samples have ε Nd(T) of-0.70-0.2., which are near chondrite. Some samples have higher ε Nd(T) of ***, these basaltic magmas might be derived from depleted asthenospheric mantle. The lithogeochemical characteristics of the Fankeng basalts may be caused by interaction between asthenosphere and lithosphere at the time. The (Early-) Middle Jurassic basalts and gabbros from southeastern Hunan, southern Jiangxi and northern Guangdong provinces show similar geochemical features to those of the Fankeng basalts from the Yongding of Fujian. Occurrence of these OIB-type basalts in the area may be regarded as the petrological mark of upwelling of asthenosphere at the time. Upwelling of asthenosphere has led to tectonic extension and the formation of rifted basin in the area.

关键词： interaction between asthenosphere and lithosphere, lithogeochemistry, basalts, Middle Jurassic, southern China.

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EPR studies of Mn^(2.) in the Loess Plateau of central China: Implication for variation of the East Asia summer monsoon

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1998年第1期43卷 72-75页

作者： CHEN Jun\+1, JI Junfeng\+1, SU Yuanxia\+2.and LU Huayu\+3.. department of {2. Sciences, nanjing university, {3. 2.0093. China 2. Center of Material Analysis, nanjing university, {3. 2.0093. China 3. Xi’an Laboratory of Loess and Qu department of earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China Center of Material Analysis Nanjing University Nanjing China Xi’an Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an China

Mn 2. EPR intensity recorded in the Chinese loess_paleosol sequence shows close correlation with magnetic susceptibility and Sr content as well as the oscillation of paleoclimate. Thus Mn 2. EPR signal can serve as an... 详细信息

关键词： paleomonsoon loess paleosol EPR signal of Mn 2.

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The role of aerial algae in the formation of the landscape of the Yunnan Stone Forest,Yunnan Province, China

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Science China earth Sciences 2004年第9期47卷 846-864页

作者： TIAN Youping1,3. ZHANG Jie2. SONG Linhua1 & BAO Haosheng2.1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China 2. department of Geography,{2., nanjing {3. China 3. School of earth Sciences and Resources, China university of Geosciences, Beijing 100083. China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China department of Geography Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China School of earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China

Aerial algae on the surface of carbonate rocks at the Stone Forest, Shilin County, Yunnan Province, China, and their bioerosion were investigated in the field and studied in the laboratory in detail. Through the observation, identification and statistics of more than one hun- dred algal samples and rock samples with the optical microscopes (stereomicroscope, biological microscope) and the scanning electronic microscope (SEM), the relationships between erosional forms on the surface of the Stone Forest and algae and/or algal communities and the genetic mechanism for the formation of erosional forms were analyzed. It is suggested that aerial algae play an active role in bioerosive processes that may affect the formation of karst erosional forms. These effects include both direct and indirect ones. The direct effect is the initiative control (algal shape-controlling role) of algae on the formation of karst forms of various scales, mostly mi- cro-scale (3.) and minor-scale (10-3.10-1m) erosional forms. The algal shape-controlling roles can be divided into the algal individual shape-controlling role and the algal community shape-controlling role. The former mostly controls the formation of micro-scale erosional forms, while the latter mostly controls the formation of micro-scale and smaller minor-scale erosional forms. The indirect effect refers to the promoting role of algae in the formation of karst forms, which may affect the formation of karst forms of all types and scales. The bioerosion of algae accelerates the weathering process of the whole Stone Forest karst landforms.

关键词： aerial algae, bioerosion, the Stone Forest, Yunnan Province, China.

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Ultra-microbes are the minerogenetic constructors of oceanic polymetallic nodules

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第8期42卷 617-624页

作者： CHEN Jianlin, ZHANG Fusheng and BIAN Lizeng1 Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 3.0012. China 2.Center for Materials Analysis, nanjing university, {2. 2.0093. China 3. {3. of earth Sciences, nanjing university, {2. 2.0093. China Second Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Hangzhou China Centu for Materials Analysis Nanjing University Nanjing China department of earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China

Polymetallic nodules (mangnese nodules) are a typical kind of manganese oncolites The distribution of smooth sur-face and knobbly manganese nodules is closely related to the geological background of the mine field. A systematic study on their inner laminae structure and features suggests that they are the products of millions of years reproduction and accumulation of the recently found Miniactinomyces chinensis and Spirisophaerospora pacijica .

关键词： oceanic manganese nodule stromatolite ultra-microbe biolite.

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Sorption behavior of U(VI), ^(2.0})U(VI) and ^(2.0})U(VI) onto fracture-filling clays in Beishan granite, Gansu: Application to selecting the site of high-level radwaste repository in China

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Science China earth Sciences 2005年第10期48卷 1649-1655页

作者： MIN Maozhong1,2. LUO Xingzhang3. WANG Ju4, JIN Yuanxin4 & WANG Rucheng1 1. department of {2. Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposit Research, nanjing university, {3. 2.0093. China 2. Center of Materials Analysis, nanjing university, {3. 2.0093. China 3. department of Environmental Science and Engineering, nanjing university, {3. 2.0093. China 4. Beijing Geology Institute, Nuclear Industry, Beijing 10002., China department of earth Sciences State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposit Research Nanjing University Nanjing China Center of Materials Analysis nanjing university nanjing China department of Environmental Science and Engineering nanjing university {2. China Beijing Geology Institute Nuclear Industry Beijing China

The first results of sorption experiments of U(VI), 2.0}U(VI) and 2.0}U(VI) onto original (unpurified) fracture-filling clays from No.1 monzonitic granite intrusion, Beishan area, Gansu Province, China are reported. The monzonitic granite intrusion is a potential location for a high-level radwaste (HLW) repository in China. The present experimental results show that the maximum U(VI) sorption reached 92. at near-neutral pH and the distribution coefficient (Kd) was 12.6 mL/g. A high sorption capacity of the fracture-filling clays in host rock on radioactive ele-ments is necessary for HLW deep geological disposal repository. No preferential sorption of 2.0}U onto the clays was found. Finally, the sorption of U(VI) onto the clays was also modeled using a surface complexation model.

关键词： HLW geological disposal repository, granite, uranium, radionuclide, clay, sorption.

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The microbial metallogeny of weathering crust REE deposits in South China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第S2期44卷 71-73页

作者： CHEN Binghui~(1,2., WANG Zhimei~3. HUANG Limei~3. WU Fuhai~3. CHEN Jingde~2.and XU Wenlie~2.1. department of earth Sciences, nanjing university, {3. 2.0093. China 2. department of earth Sciences, Zhongshan university, Guangzhou 5102.5, China 3. Guangdong Pharmaceutical College, Guangzhou 5102.4, China department of earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China department of earth Sciences Zhongshan University Guangzhou 510275 China Guangdong Pharmaceutical College Guangzhou 510244 China

VERY little is known about the roles of microorganisms in the metallogeny of weathering crust REE deposits, although there has been much literature on REE behavior in weathering conditions. The present note deals with the microorganisms in 4 weathering profiles of an REE deposit and their roles in migration and accumulation of REE in weathering conditions. 1 Cultivation and identification of microorganisms Under strict sterilization, samples were collected from various parts of 4 weathering profiles of granites in a weathering crust REE deposit in South China. The samples were then cultivated for microorganisms with ordinary agars as culture media and then the cultivated microorganisms were dyed and identifiedunder a microscope. The sampled positions and cultivated numbers of microbial colonies are shown

关键词： microbial metallogeny weathering crust REE deposit South China.

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Two possible mechanisms for vortex self-organization

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Science China earth Sciences 2006年第2期49卷 202-211页

作者： LUO Zhexian2. ZHOU Xiuji1 & GAO Shouting3.1. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China 2. department of Space Information Science,{2. of Information Science and Technology, nanjing 2.0044, China 3. Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10002., China 2. department of Environmental Science Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China 1. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China 3. Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

The vortex self-organization is investigated in this paper by four groups of numerical experiments within the framework of quasi-geostrophic model, and based on the experimental results two types of possible mechanisms for vortex self-organization are suggested. The meso-scale to-pography may enable separated vortices to merge into a larger scale vortex; and the interaction of meso-γ and meso-β scale systems may make separated vortices to self organize a typhoon-like vor-tex circulation.

关键词： vortex, self-organization, meso-scale topography, interaction of different scales.

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Discovery and analysis of ultra-micro grinding grain texture in slipping lamellae of ductile-brittle zone

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Science China earth Sciences 2004年第3期47卷 265-271页

作者： GE Heping1, SUN Yan1, LU Xiancai1, ZHU Wenbin1, GUO Jichun1, LIU Deliang2.& Chi-yuen Wang3.1. department of {2. Sciences, nanjing university, State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposit, {3. 2.0093. China 2. department of {2. and Space Sciences, university of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 2.0}02., China 3. department of Geology and Geophysics, university of California, Berkeley, CA 9472., USA nanjing Univ Dept Earth Sci State Key Lab Mineral Deposit Nanjing 210093 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Dept Earth & Space Sci Hefei 230026 Peoples R China Univ Calif Berkeley Dept Geol & Geophys Berkeley CA 94720 USA

Based on the observation of the deep bore cores sampled from the State of Cali-fornia, USA, preferred arranged particulate concentration belts were found in the ultra-slipping lamellae. And the same phenomenon was found again later in the bore cores from the petroleum basin in the Northern Shaanxi Province. It may be the product of the dynamic processes involv-ing tumbling, grinding and compresso-shearing functions, so the spherical particulates with ul-tra-size of nm and mm are called grinding grain. The formation of the grinding grains is related with the ductile-brittle deformation, the lateral pressure of the slipping, and the very low grade of dynamic metamorphism of the rocks. Based on the systematic analysis, it is indicated that some elements like Nb and Ta are enriched in the grinding grains in the granitic rocks because of the chemical differentiation, and that the slipping lamellae bearing grinding grains in mudstone with smear efficiency prove a perfect seal for oil and gas reservoirs. Meanwhile, the paper provides bases for the studies on the fast stick-slip movement and shear paradigm.

关键词： slipping lamellae, grinding grain texture, ductile-brittle deformation, smear efficiency.

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Origin of the Red earth sequence on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau and its implications for regional aridity since the middle Miocene

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Science China earth Sciences 2006年第5期49卷 505-517页

作者： WANG Xianyan1,7, LU Huayu1,2. JI Junfeg3. WANG Xiaoyong1,7, ZHAO Jingbo4, HUANG Baochun5 & LI Zhen6 1. SKLLQG, Institute of earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710075, China 2. {2. of Urban and Resources Sciences, nanjing university, {3. 2.0093. China 3. {2. of earth Sciences, nanjing university, {3. 2.0093. China 4. {2. of Geography, Shaanxi Normal university, Xi’an 710062. China 5. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10002., China 6 {2. of Geography, Qinghai Normal university, Xining 810008, China 7. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10003., China 1. SKLLQG Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an 710075 China 7. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China 2. department of Urban and Resources Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China 3. department of {2. Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China 4. department of Geography Shaanxi Normal University Xi’an 710062 China 5. Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China 6. department of Geography Qinghai Normal University Xining 810008 China

The Red earth deposit around Xining, northeastern Tibetan Plateau, has beenstudied in terms of soil micro-structure, grain-size distribution, major- and trace-elementchemistry and magne-tostratigraphy. Field investigations indicate that the Red earth sequenceconsists of 2. visually definable yellow-brown and weakly-developed soils interbedded with reddishstrongly-developed soils, and has a similar structure to the aeolian Red Clay deposit on the ChineseLoess Plateau. Grain-size analysis shows that the Red earth deposit is very fine-grained with anegligible sand fraction ( > 63.μm). Thin-section observations under light microscopy show that thedeposit has a clayey texture and the coarse fraction ( > 10 μm) mainly consists of quartz,feldspar and micas. Pyroxene and hornblende were also observed. This mineralogical composition ofthe coarse fraction is similar to that of the Quaternary loess. In addition, all of the mineralgrains are semi angular semi-angular and are generally finer than 63.μm. There is a good agreementbetween the major and minor trace element chemistry of loess-soil units and the Red earth *** REE distributions of the loess-soil and the Red earth deposit are similar in shape, withenriched LREE and fairly flat HREE profiles and a clear negative Eu anomaly. The geochemicalcharacteristics of the Red earth deposit are also identical to those of upper continental crust,thus indicating a wind-blown origin. Magnetostratigraphic investigation shows that onset of the Redearth deposition predates 11.4 Ma BP (13.6 Ma at a nearby site). The distribution of the reportedMiocene aeolian loess at Qin''an of the Loess Plateau is still unknown. Our results indicate thatthis aeolian deposit had extended to the northeastern Tibetan Plateau by at least the middleMiocene. The similarity of the element geochemistry between the Red earth deposit and the overlyingloess shows that they may have similar sources and dynamic transport system, and may indicate thatthe

关键词： Red earth deposit, Northeastern Tibetan Plateau, aeolian deposit, aridity of Asia, the middle Miocene.

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Holocene grassland vegetation, climate and human impact in central eastern Inner Mongolia

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Science China earth Sciences 2005年第7期48卷 1025-1039页

作者： HUANG Fei1, Kealhofer Lisa2. XIONG Shangfa3.& HUANG Fengbao1 1. nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,nanjing 2.0008,China 2. Anthropology and Sociology department,Santa Clara {3.,CA 95053.USA 3. Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 10002.,China nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Anthropology and Sociology department Santa Clara University CA 95053 United States Institute of Geology and Geoohysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijina 100029 China

Phytolith and pollen preserved in the Taipusi Banner paleosol profile, central eastern Inner Mongolia, provide evidence of Holocene grassland vegetation, climate and human impact. The combined phytolith and pollen records reveal a major change in vegetation composition about 5000 a BP. Before 5000 a BP, the vegetation was dominated by Aneurolepidium Chinese-Stipa grandis grassland of C4 grasses. After 5000 a BP, C4 grasses rapidly retreated, indicating a shift to colder and more arid conditions. The gradual invasion of Stipa krylovii, Ag-ropyron desertorum, Ephedra, Chenopodiaceae and Caragana reveal the onset of grassland degeneration. Between 10000 and 872. a BP, the Aneurolepidium Chinese-Stipa grandis grassland included a small proportion of Artemisia shrub and Echionopos type plants, implying a strong winter monsoon and very weak summer monsoon. From 872. to 7000 a BP, C4 grasses were common, indicating a strengthening of the summer monsoon. Between 7000 and 5000 a BP, the Holocene thermal maximum was evident, with a significant expansion of C4 grasses and the presence of some trees (such as Pinus and Betula, and so on) in or near the study site. From 42.0?000 a BP, a sandy grassland of Artemisia and Agropyron desertorum together with Aster-type taxa occurred. Precipitation amelioration took place between 3.00 and 2.70 a BP, with a rapid development of Echinops type plants and a small expansion of C4 grasses. From 2.70 a BP to present, human activities accelerated the process of grassland degeneration.

关键词： phytolith and pollen records grassland environment change human impact Holocene central eastern Inner Mongolia.

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