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fMRI time series analysis based on stationary wavelet and spectrum analysis

Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第11期16卷 1171-1176页

作者： ZHI Lianhe~ 1,2,3., ZHAO Xia~4. SHAN Baoci~1**, PENG Silong~5, YAN Qiang~1, YUAN Xiuli~1 and TANG Xiaowei~ 1,6 (1. Key Laboratory of Nuclear Analysis Techniques, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10004., china 2. Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10004., china 3. {4. of Physics, {3. normal University, zhoukou 4.6100, china 4. Research Imaging Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229, USA 5. National ASIC Design and Engineering Center, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10004., china 6. {4. of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 3.0027, china) [a]Key Laboratory of Nuclear Analysis Techniques Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China [b]Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China [c]department of Physics Zhoukou Normal University Zhoukou China [d]Research Imaging Center University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio Texas USA [e]National ASIC Design and Engineering Center Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China [f]department of Physics Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

The low signal to noise ratio (SNR) of functional MRI (fMRI) prefers more sensitive data analysis methods. Based on stationary wavelet transform and spectrum analysis, a new method with high detective sensitivity was developed for analyzing fMRI time series, which does not require any prior assumption of the characteristics of noises. In the proposed method, every component of fMRI time series in the different time-frequency scales of stationary wavelet transform was discerned by the spectrum analysis, then the components from noises were removed using the stationary wavelet transform, finally the components of real brain activation were detected by cross-correlation analysis. The results obtained from both simulated and in vivo visual experiments illustrated that the proposed method has much higher sensitivity than the traditional cross-correlation method.

关键词： fMRI stationary wavelet transform spectrum analysis data analysis.

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Steel Slag as an Iron Fertilizer for Corn Growth and Soil Improvement in a Pot Experiment

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Pedosphere 2006年第4期16卷 519-524页

作者： WANG Xian CAI Qing-Sheng College of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 （China） department of Biology Zhoukou Normal College Zhoukou 366000 （China）

The feasibility of steel slag used as an iron fertilizer was studied in a pot experiment with corn. Slag alone or acidified slag was added to two Fe-deficient calcareous soils at different rates. Results showed that moderate rates (10 and 20 g kg-1) of slag or acidified slag substantially increased corn dry matter yield and Fe uptake. Application of steel slag increased the residual concentration of ammonium bicarbonate-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (AB-DTPA) extractable Fe in the soils. The increase of extractable Fe was usually proportional to the application rate, and enhanced by the acidification of slag. Steel slag appeared to be a promising and inexpensive source of Fe to alleviate crop Fe chlorosis in Fe-deficient calcareous soils.

关键词： corn growth iron fertilizer pot experiment soil improvement steel slag

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Theoretical study on the reaction mechanism of(CH_3._3.O+CO

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Science china Chemistry 2005年第1期48卷 18-24页

作者： ZHAO Hongmei1,2,3. SUN Chengke1,4. ZHANG Rongchang3. XI Hongmin3.& LI Zonghe1 1. department of Chemistry, Beijing {4. University, Beijing 100875, china 2. The Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, china 3. department of Chemistry, Beihua University, Jilin 13.013. china 4. department of Chemistry, Qujing {4. University, Yunnan 655000, china 1. department of Chemistry Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China 2. The Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 100080 Beijing China 3. department of Chemistry Beihua University 132013 Jilin China 4. department of Chemistry Qujing Normal University 655000 Yunnan China

The reaction mechanism of (CH3.3.O with CO has been theoretically investigated using density-functional theory (DFT) calculations at B3.YP/6-3.G* level. In order to get more reliable energy values the single-point energy is evaluated at CCSD (T)/6-3.++G** level. The results show that the reaction is multi-channel and the reaction of (CH3.3.O radical with CO mostly produces (CH3.3. + CO2. The reaction could play a role in eliminating air pollution.

关键词： DFT, B3.YP, (CH3.3.O, radical.

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Analytic Solutions of Klein-gordon Equation and Generalized Schrdinger Equation

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Chinese Quarterly Journal of Mathematics 2003年第3期18卷 310-314页

作者： WU Jing_zhu,DUAN Guang_sen (department of Mathematics, zhoukou normal College, zhoukou 4.6 000,{4.)

Analytic solutions of Klein_gordon equat ionu tt -(u xx +u yy )+α 2u+g(uu *)u=0and generalized Schrdinger equationiu t+u xx -u yy +g(uu *)u=0are given when g(z)=Aln 2z+Blnz+C.

关键词： Klein_gordon equation generalized Schrdinger equation analytic solution

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X-ray spectra induced in highly charged 4.Ar^q+ interacting with Au surface

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2006年第2期49卷 203-212页

作者： ZHANG Xiao’an1,2, XIAO Guoqing1, YANG Zhihu1, CHEN Ximeng3. ZHAO Yongtao1, LI Fuli4. ZHANG Yinping1, CUI Ying3. ZHANG Hongqiang3. XU Xu3. SHAO Jianxiong3.& ZHAN Wenlong11. Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 73.000, china 2. department of Physics, Xianyang normal University, Xianyang 7{3.00, china 3. department of Modern Physics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 73.000, china 4. department of Applied Physics, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 71004., china 1. Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China 2. department of Physics Xianyang Normal University Xianyang 712000 China 3. department of Modern Physics Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China 4. department of Applied Physics Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 China

By use of optical spectrum technology, the spectra of X-ray induced by highly charged 4.Arq+ ions interacting with Au surface have been studied. The results show that the argon Kα X-ray were emitted from the hollow atoms formed below the surface. There is a process of multi-electron exciting in neutralization of the Ar16+ion, with electronic con-figuration 1s2 in its ground state below the solid surface. The yield of the projectile Kα X-ray is related to its initial electronic configuration, and the yield of the target X-ray is related to the projectile kinetic energy.

关键词： highly charged ion hollow multi-electron excitation X- ray.

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Implementation of a multiple round quantum dense coding using nuclear magnetic resonance

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2005年第6期48卷 706-715页

作者： ZHANG Jingfu1, XIE Jingyi2, WANG Chuan1, DENG Zhiwei3. LU Zhiheng4. & LONG Guilu1,5 1. Key Laboratory For Quantum Information and Measurements of MOE, department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084.china 2. department of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing {3. University, Beijing 100875, china 3. Testing and Analytical Center, Beijing {3. University, Beijing 100875,china 4. department of Physics, Beijing {3. University, Beijing 100875, china 5. Key Laboratory For atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084.china 1. Key Laboratory For Quantum Information and Measurements of MOE Department of Physics Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China 2. department of Materials science and Engineering Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China 3. Testing and Analytical Center Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China 4. department of Physics Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China 5. Key Laboratory For Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China

A multiple round quantum dense coding scheme based on the quantum phase estimation algorithm is proposed and implemented in a three qubit nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) quantum computer. Using an m + 1 qubit system, Bob can transmit one of 2m+1 messages to Alice, through manipulating only one qubit and exchanging it between Alice and Bob for m rounds. The information capacity is enhanced to m + 1 bits as compared to m bits in a classical scheme. The scheme has been demonstrated in NMR system, and the experimental results show a good agreement between theory and experiment.

关键词： quantum dense coding, multiple round, nuclear magnetic resorance

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Accurate studies on the full vibrational energy spectra and molecular dissociation energies for some electronic states of N_(2)molecule

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2005年第4期48卷 385-398页

作者： REN Weiyi1,2, SUN Weiguo1, HOU Shilin3.& FENG Hao4.1. Institute of Physics, College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, china 2. Institute of Theoretical Physics, Xihua normal University, Nanchong 63.002, china 3. {3. of Physics, china Oceanography University, Qingdao 266003. china 4. College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, china 1. Institute of Physics College of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University 610065 Chengdu China 2. Institute of Theoretical Physics Xihua Normal University 637002 Nanchong China 3. department of Physics China Oceanography University 266003 Qingdao China 4. College of Physics Sichuan University 610065 Chengdu China

It is usually very difficult to directly obtain molecular dissociation energy De and all accurate high-lying vibrational energies for most diatomic electronic states using modern experimental techniques or quantum theories, and it is also very difficult to give accurate analytical expression for diatomic molecular dissociation energy. This study proposes a new analytical formula for obtaining accurate molecular dissociation energy based on the LeRoy and Bernstein’s energy expression in dissociation limit. A set of full vibrational energy spectra for some electronic states of N2 molecule are studied using the algebraic method (AM) suggested recently, and the corresponding accurate molecular dissociation energies are evaluated using the proposed new formula and high-lying AM vibrational energies. The results show that the AM spectra and the new theoretical dissociation energies agree excellently with experimental data, and thereby providing a new physical approach to generating accurate dissociation energies for electronic states of diatomic molecules.

关键词： vibrational energy, dissociation energy, nitrogen molecule, algebraic method.

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Estimating surface evapotranspiration using combined MODIS and CBERS-02 data

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 145-160页

作者： XIN Xiaozhou1,2, LIU Qinhuo1, TANG Yong1,3. TIAN Guoliang1, GU Xingfa1, LI Xiaowen1,2, ZHENG Hongsheng4.& CHEN Jiayi4.1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing Applications, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, china 2. Research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS, department of Geography, Beijing normal University, Beijing 100875, china 3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10003., china 4. department of Atmospheric Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, china 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China2. Research Center for Remote Sensing and GIS Department of Geography Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100039 Beijing China4. Department of Atmospheric Physics Peking University 100871 Beijing China

Spatial scale error is one of the most serious problems in the estimates of land surface heat fluxes of sensible and latent from satellite-borne data such as MODIS 1km resolution reflectance and emissive data. One of the feasible and economic ways to decrease the spatial scale error is to use high resolution land use class data together with the MODIS data. CBERS-02 data were used to produce land use class of Baiyangdian area, Hebei Province, china in the autumn of 2004. The area ratio of each class in MODIS pixel was calculated, and used to derive the heat fluxes of the mixed pixel. The results showed that the estimated heat fluxes of soil, sensible and latent have been changed remarkably after using the high resolution land class data. It could be concluded from the comparison between simulated and ground-measured fluxes as well as the theoretical analysis that high resolution land class data are useful to diminishing the scale error of heat fluxes estimated from low resolution satellite data.

关键词： surface evapotranspiration spatial scale error MODIS CBERS land class.

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Origin of the Red Earth sequence on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau and its implications for regional aridity since the middle Miocene

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第5期49卷 505-517页

作者： WANG Xianyan1,7, LU Huayu1,2, JI Junfeg3. WANG Xiaoyong1,7, ZHAO Jingbo4. HUANG Baochun5 & LI Zhen6 1. SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710075, china 2. department of Urban and Resources Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093. china 3. department of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093. china 4. department of Geography, Shaanxi normal University, Xi’an 710062, china 5. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, china 6 department of Geography, Qinghai normal University, Xining 810008, china 7. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10003., china 1. SKLLQG Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an 710075 China 7. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China 2. department of Urban and Resources Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China 3. department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China 4. department of Geography Shaanxi Normal University Xi’an 710062 China 5. Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China 6. department of Geography Qinghai Normal University Xining 810008 China

The Red Earth deposit around Xining, northeastern Tibetan Plateau, has beenstudied in terms of soil micro-structure, grain-size distribution, major- and trace-elementchemistry and magne-tostratigraphy. Field investigations indicate that the Red Earth sequenceconsists of 25 visually definable yellow-brown and weakly-developed soils interbedded with reddishstrongly-developed soils, and has a similar structure to the aeolian Red Clay deposit on the ChineseLoess Plateau. Grain-size analysis shows that the Red Earth deposit is very fine-grained with anegligible sand fraction ( > 63.μm). Thin-section observations under light microscopy show that thedeposit has a clayey texture and the coarse fraction ( > 10 μm) mainly consists of quartz,feldspar and micas. Pyroxene and hornblende were also observed. This mineralogical composition ofthe coarse fraction is similar to that of the Quaternary loess. In addition, all of the mineralgrains are semi angular semi-angular and are generally finer than 63.μm. There is a good agreementbetween the major and minor trace element chemistry of loess-soil units and the Red Earth *** REE distributions of the loess-soil and the Red Earth deposit are similar in shape, withenriched LREE and fairly flat HREE profiles and a clear negative Eu anomaly. The geochemicalcharacteristics of the Red Earth deposit are also identical to those of upper continental crust,thus indicating a wind-blown origin. Magnetostratigraphic investigation shows that onset of the RedEarth deposition predates 11.4.Ma BP (13.6 Ma at a nearby site). The distribution of the reportedMiocene aeolian loess at Qin''an of the Loess Plateau is still unknown. Our results indicate thatthis aeolian deposit had extended to the northeastern Tibetan Plateau by at least the middleMiocene. The similarity of the element geochemistry between the Red Earth deposit and the overlyingloess shows that they may have similar sources and dynamic transport system, and may indicate thatthe

关键词： Red Earth deposit, Northeastern Tibetan Plateau, aeolian deposit, aridity of Asia, the middle Miocene.

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Proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) analysis of sources of porcelain body of Ru Guan and Jun Guan porcelains

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2006年第4期49卷 411-420页

作者： LI Guoxia1, ZHAO Weijuan1, LI Rongwu2, SUN Hongwei1, GUO Min1, WANG Yanfang1, LIU Hui1, ZHAO Qingyun3. SUN Xinmin3. ZHAO Wenjun3.& CHENG Huansheng4.1. Faculty of Physical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 4.0052, china 2. {4. of Physics, Beijing normal University, Beijing 100875, china 3. Institute of Cultural Relic and Archaeology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 4.0000, china 4. Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 2004.0}, china Faculty of Physical Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450052 China department of Physics Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Institute of Cultural Relic Archaeology of Henan Province Zhengzhou 450000 China Institute of Modern Physics Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China

3. samples of Ru Guan porcelain body and 50 samples of Jun Guan porcelain body (both kinds being in different body colors) were selected with the purpose of finding out the source of raw materials and their classification relationship so as to search for ways of non-destructive discrimination. Proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) has been applied to these samples to determine their chemical elements. The data of seven major chemical elements collected from these samples were further studied through fuzzy cluster analysis. Results indicate that the origin of raw materials of Jun Guan porcelain body samples is comparatively more concentrated in certain places, while that of Ru Guan porcelain body samples is scattered about. The places of origin of raw materials of the majority of Ru Guan and Jun Guan porcelain body samples have something in common, but some differences still exist. It might be an important way for non-destructive discrimination among Ru Guan and Jun Guan porcelains by combining PIXE with fuzzy cluster analysis.

关键词： Ru Guan and Jun Guan porcelain, source of porcelain body, PIXE, fuzzy cluster analysis, non-destructive discrimination.

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