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A new species of Macrocnemus (Reptilia: Protorosauria) from the Middle Triassic of southwestern China and its palaeogeographical implication

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Science China Earth sciences 2007年第11期50卷 1601-1605页

作者： LI Chun1, ZHAO LiJun2.& WANG LiTing3.1 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100044, China 2.Zhejiang Museum of Nature History, Hangzhou 3.0012. China 3.geological Survey of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550005, China 1. Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100044 China 2. Zhejiang Museum of Nature History Hangzhou 310012 China 3. geological Survey of Guizhou Province Guiyang 550005 China

A new species of the terrestrial protorosaur Macrocnemus is briefly described and named Macrocne-mus fuyuanensis sp. nov. The specimen was found from the marine Triassic of Yunnan Province, southwestern China. It differs from the type species M. bassanii in having the following characters: (1) 17 or 18 dorsal vertebrae; (2. relatively long humerus; and (3. femur longer than tibia. M. fuyuanensis is the only record of the genus outside Monte San Giorgio area and the first definite terrestrial reptile found from the marine Triassic of China. The age of the fossil-bearing Zhuganpo Member of the Falang Formation is believed to be the Ladinian based on associated vertebrate fauna. The existence of Mac-rocnemus in the limestone suggests the presence of a terrestrial ecosystem which probably originated from the Anisian and well developed in the Ladinian in this region. The island system along the north-coast of Tethyan during the Triassic was probably an important route for the exchanges of reptiles, especially the terrestrial reptiles between the west and east.

关键词： Protorosauria,Middle Triassic,Ladinian,Yunnan,terrestrial reptile

Genomics,metagenomics,and microbial oceanography—A sea of opportunities

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Science China Earth sciences 2011年第4期54卷 473-480页

作者： FANG JiaSong 1,2.&ZHANG Li 3.1 State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology,Tongji University,Shanghai 2.0092.China 2.College of Natural and Computational sciences,Hawaii Pacific University,Kaneohe,HI 96744,USA 3.tate Key Laboratory of geological Processes and Mineral Resources,Faculty of Earth sciences,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 43.074,China 1. State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China2. College of Natural and Computational Sciences Hawaii Pacific University Kaneohe HI 96744 USA3. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China

Microbial oceanography is an emerging discipline resulted from the interaction,cross-fertilization and integration of life science and ocean *** oceanography integrates the principles of marine microbiology,microbial ecology and oceanography to study the role of microorganisms in the biogeochemical dynamics of natural marine *** application of genomics tools to study marine microbes is resulting in rapid advancements in microbial oceanography that has important implications in global carbon cycle,climate change,and ecosystem *** we review the application of genomics and metagenomics in microbial oceanography and suggest future directions in microbial oceanography research.

关键词： microbial oceanography genomics metagenomics genes biomass bacteria archaea eukarya phylogeny physiology metabolism ecology biogeochemistry microbiology ecosystem function

Exploring the deep biosphere

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Science China Earth sciences 2011年第2期54卷 157-165页

作者： FANG JiaSong1,2.& ZHANG Li3.1 State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 2.0092. China 2.College of Natural and Computational sciences, Hawaii Pacific University, Kaneohe, HI 96744, USA 3.State Key Laboratory of geological Processes and Mineral Resources, Faculty of Earth sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 43.074, China 1. State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China2. College of Natural and Computational Sciences Hawaii Pacific University Kaneohe HI 96744 USA3. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China

Over the past two decades, scientific drilling into sediments and rocks in the ocean and the continent has revealed the presence of physiologically and phylogenetically complex microbial life in the deep subsurface. Microorganisms, most of which have no cultured or known relatives in the surface biosphere, have been discovered in sediments and rock at depth as deep as 1 km below the seafloor and more than 3.km deep in the continent. The deep biosphere probably represents the most voluminous part of the global biosphere and may constitute as much as 50% of the Earth’s biomass. In this article, we review the current knowledge of and most recent advances in studying the deep biosphere and suggest directions in future research.

关键词： deep biosphere Thomas Gold microorganism biomass DNA ribosome ODP CARD-FISH dark energy lipids serpentinization

Carbon and Oxygen Stable Isotope Values and Microfossils at 41.4-4.5ka BP in Tai Co,Tibet,China,and Their Paleoclimatic Significance

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2011年第5期85卷 1036-1050+1052-1056+1051页

作者： ZHENG Mianping~(1,2.*),LIU Junying~(1,3.,MA Zhibang~(1,4),WANG Hailei~(1,2. and MA Nina~(1,2. 1 MLR Key Laboratory of Saline Lake Resources and Environment,Institute of Mineral Resources,CAGS, Beijing 10003.,China 2.Research and Development Center for Saline Lakes and Epithermal Deposits,Chinese Academy of {2. sciences,Beijing 10003.,China 3.Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of {2. sciences,Beijing 10003.,China 4 Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment,Chinese Academy of sciences,Beijing 10002., China MLR Key Laboratory of Saline Lake Resources and Environment Institute of Mineral Resources CAGS Beijing 100037 China Research and Development Center for Saline Lakes and Epithermal Deposits Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China *Correspondence: Mianping ZHENG *Correspondence: Corresponding author. E-mail: zhengmp2010@***

Two sedimentary sections were measured at Tai Co(Co means lake in Tibetan) in western Tibet,*** two sections are almost all composed of clay carbonate beds except in their lower parts where there are carbonized plants at>10 cm depths and dark-colored carbonate clay and clay at 50-70 cm depths,yielding abundant gastropods,ostracods,and *** carbon and oxygen stable isotope values of carbonate,ostracods,and charophytes and ecological features of microfossil communities indicate the following climatic change in the area from 41.4 to 4.5 ka BP:at 41.4-2..2.ka BP,the climate was relatively wet;at 2..2.2..5 ka BP,it was slightly warm-dry;at 2..5-2..5 ka BP,it was warm-wet;at 2..5-2..0 ka BP,it was slightly cold-wet;at 2..5-17.5 ka BP,it became cold abruptly and slightly wet,implying the climate of the last glacial maximum;at 17.5-16.0 ka BP,it was slightly cold-dry;at 16.0-11.8 ka BP,it was slightly warm-wet;at 11.8-10.4 ka BP,it was relatively cold-dry, roughly equivalent to the climate of the Younger Dryas,and at 10.4 ka BP,the temperatures began to rise again;at 10.4-9.4 ka BP,it was slightly warm-wet;at 9.4-8.5 ka BP,there occurred short warm-wet oscillations;at 8.5-7.9 ka BP,it was slightly dry-cold,representing a strong temperature-lowering and drying event in the postglacial stage;at 7.8-6.3.ka BP,it was slightly warm-wet;at 6.3.4.5 ka BP,the climate tended to be cold-dry.4.5 ka BP recorded the maximum aridity since the late part of the late Pleistocene.

关键词： sedimentary environment index paleoclimatic changes late Pleistocene-Holocene(41.4-4.5 ka BP) Tai Co Tibet

A New SHRIMP Age of the Xiamaling Formation in the North China Plate and Its geological Significance

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2007年第6期81卷 1103-1109页

作者： GAO Linzhi~(1,*)ZHANG Chuanheng~2.SHI Xiaoying~2.ZHOU Hongrui~2.WANG Ziqiang~2.SONG Biao~(1,3. 1 Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of geological {2.,Beijing 10003.,China 2.China University of Geo{2.(Beijing),Beijing 100083.China 3.Beijing SHRIMP Central,10003. Beijing,China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China

Setting up the hypostratotype of late Precambrian is the main aim of the research on the Meso-and Neoproterozoic in North *** chronostratigraphic position is the key in this study. However,many key horizons have not been calibrated with the high-quality isotopic *** the reported new U-Pb age with the Sensitive High-Resolution Ion Microprobe（SHRIMPⅡ）,a zircon U- Pb age was obtained of the ash bed in the Xiamaling Formation in North China Plate,yielding a weighted mean;Pb/;U age of 13.8±12.*** is the first SHRIMP U-Pb age from the Xiamaling Formation in the North China Plate,and represents the depositing time of the middle part of the Xiamaling *** zircon age plays an important role to understanding geological evolution of the North China Plate during Meso-and Neoproterozoic.

关键词： SHRIMP U-Pb Dating Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Formation North China Plate

Characteristics and geological significance of olivine xenocrysts in Cenozoic volcanic rocks from western Qinling

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第12期16卷 1300-1306页

作者： SU Benxun~ 1,2.**, ZHANG Hongfu~1, XIAO Yan~ 1,2.and ZHAO Xinmiao~ 1,2.(1. State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 10002., China 2. Graduate School of Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 1000{2., China) [a]State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China [b]Graduate School of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing China

Cenozoic volcanic rocks from the Haoti, Dangchang County of the western Qinling Mountains, contain a few clearly-zoned olivines. These olivines are relatively big in grain sizes and usually have cracks or broken features. Their cores have similar compositions （Mg#=90.4-91.0） to those for the peridotitic xenoliths entrained in host volcanic rocks and their rims are close to the compositions of olivine phenocrysts （Mg#=85.5-81.9）. The CaO contents in these zoned olivines are lower than 0.1%. These features demonstrate that the clearly-zoned olivines are xenocrysts and disaggregated from mantle peridotites. The zoned texture was the result of the interaction between the olivine and host magma. Available data show that the volcanic rocks would have been derived from the mantle source metasomatized by subducted hydrathermally-altered oceanic crust. The formation of these Cenozoic volcanic rocks was perhaps related to the rapid uplift of the Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： Western Qinling Dangchang Haoti Cenozoic volcanic rocks olivine xenocrysts zoned texture.

Multifractal modelling and spectrum analysis: Methods and applications to gamma ray spectrometer data from southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada

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Science China Earth sciences 2006年第3期49卷 283-294页

作者： CHENG Qiuming1,2.1. State Key Lab of geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 4{2.074, China 2. Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering, Department of Geography, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, M{2. 1P{2. Canada 1. State Key Lab of geological Processes and Mineral Resources China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China 2. Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering Department of Geography York University 4700 Keele Street Toronto Ontario M3J 1P3 Canada

Multifractal spectrum, autocorrelation/semivariogram and power spectrum are three dif- ferent functions characterizing a field or measure from different aspects. These functions are interre- lated in such that the autocorrelation/semivariogram and power spectrum are related to the low order statistical moments (0 to 2.nd) which may determine the local multifractality (τ ″(1)) of a multifractal measure. A better understanding of the interrelationships among these three functions is important because, on one hand, the multifractal modelling characterizes a multifractal measure in a more de- tailed manner since it involves moments of all orders. On the other hand, the commonly used semivariogram and power spectrum functions can be used as alternatives to study the dominant mul- tifractal properties around the mean measure. Moreover, semivariogram and power-spectrum func- tions provide spatial and spectral information, which is highly valued in geological applications. A new fractal relation found between area and power-spectrum will be useful for investigation of new meth- ods of spatial-spectral analysis for pattern recognition, anomaly separation, classification, etc. These results have been demonstrated with the case study of modelling gamma ray spectrometer data from the mineral district, southwestern Nova Scotia, Canada. The results have shown that the values of uranium (U), thorium (Th) and potassium (K) may possess monofractal properties whereas the ratios of these values show high multifractality. The values of the ratios U/K and U/Th show relatively large variances and may provide more information for distinguishing the distinct phases of the granites, country rocks as well as possible gold mineralization-associated regional hydrothermal alteration zones. In addition, the power spectra for U, Th, K, U/Th and U/K consistently show two distinct power-law relationships for two ranges of wave number 12.ω ≤160 km and 0≤ω ≤12.km. These properties might provide usefu

关键词： gamma ray spectrometer data, gold mineralization, alteration zones, multifractal modelling, spectral analysis, GIS.

A review of the New Geophysics:a new understanding of pre-fracturing deformation in the crack-critical crust with implications for hydrocarbon production

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Petroleum Science 2008年第1期5卷 1-12页

作者： Stuart Crampin Yuan Gao School of Geosciences University of Edinburgh UK Edinburgh Anisotropy Project British Geological Survey Edinburgh UK Institute of Earthquake Science China Earthquake Administration Beijing China

This paper reviews a new understanding of shear-wave splitting （seismic-birefringence） that is a fundamental revision of conventional fluid-rock deformation. It is a New Geophysics with implications for almost all solid-earth geosciences, including hydrocarbon exploration and production, and earthquake forecasting. Widespread observations of shear-wave splitting show that deformation in in situ rocks is controlled by stress-aligned fluid-saturated grain-boundary cracks and preferentially orientated pores and pore-throats pervasive in almost all igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks in the Earth＇s crust. These fluid-saturated microcracks are the most compliant elements of the rock-mass and control rock deformation. The degree of splitting shows that the microcracks in almost all rocks are so closely spaced that they verge on fracture-criticality and failure by fracturing, and are critical systems with the “butterfly wing＇s” sensitivity of all critical systems. As a result of this crack-criticality, evolution of fluid-saturated stress-aligned microcracked rock under changing conditions can be modelled with anisotropic poroelasticity （APE）. Consequently, low-level deformation can be： monitored with shear-wave splitting; future behaviour calculated with APE; future behaviour predicted with APE, if the change in conditions can be quantified; and in principle, future behaviour controlled by feed-back. This paper reviews our current understanding of the New Geophysics of low-level pre-fracturing deformation.

关键词： Crack anisotropy New Geophysics pre-fracturing deformation seismic birefringence,shear-wave splitting

Sm-Nd isotopic ages of Tiqiushan eclogites in Xinyi region and its geological significance

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第S2期44卷 144-146页

作者： WANG Yinxi~(1,2., YANG Jiedong~(1,2., TAO Xiancong~(1,2., GE Ningjie~4, CHEN Peirong~3. FAN Chunfang~3.and LI Jianhua~5 1. Center of Modern Analysis, Nanjing University, Nanjing 2.0093. China 2. State Key Laboratory for Research of Mineral Deposits, Nanjing University, Nanjing 2.0093. China 3. Department of Earth Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 2.0093. China 4. Department of Earth and Space sciences, University of Science and Technology of Chian, hefei 2.0}02., China 5. No.5 geological Party of Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou 2.1005, China Center of Modern Analysis Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China State Key Laboratory for Research of Mineral Deposits Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Department of Earth and Space sciences University of Science and Technology of Chian Hefei 230026 China Department of Earth Science Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China No. 5 geological Party of Jiangsu Province Xuzhou 221005 China

geological scientists have paid much attention to the suture zones formed by collision between the Sino-Korean and Yangtze blocks because of the discovery of the ultrahigh pressue metamorphic (UHPM) rocksfrom northern Jiangsu Province (Su), southern Shandong Province (Lu) and the Dabie *** the age of 2.0-2.0 Ma is probably the best estimation for UHPM metamorphism in the DabieMountains, the primary intrusive and metamorphic ages of the complex from northern Jiangsu Provincehave not been determined before. Using the Sm-Nd isotopic dating method, our study is aimed at datingthe UHPM metanorphic event of northern Jiangsu Province and researching a probable relation between theUHPM rocks from the Dabie Mountains and the UHPM rocks from northern Jiangsu Province.

关键词： northern Jiangsu eclogite rocks Sm-Nd isotopic ages.