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Journal of mountain Science 2010年第1期7卷 73-82页

作者： XU Xiangming HE Yurong HUANG Chengmin XIONG Donghong Institute of mountain hazards and environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China Department of environmental Science and Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China

The comparative studies on micromorphological features in diagnostic horizons of Stagnic Anthrosols, Ustic Ferrosols and Ustic Vertosols in southwestern china were conducted to underpin the rationale for chinese Soil Taxonomy. The following findings were explored: (1) Stagnic Anthrosols had the specific micromorphological features, e.g., the humic formation in anthrostagnic epipedon, the platy structures in plow subhorizon, the secondary formation of ferromanganese and the weakly optical-orientation clay domains in hydragric horizon, etc.: (2) The groundmasses of ferric horizon in Ustic Ferrosols appeared in hue of 2.5YR or redder, and had pellicular grain structure; (3. Ustic Vertosols had a crust horizon (Acr), and crack structure dominated in Acr and angular blocky structure in disturbed horizon; (4) Because of the distinct differences in micromorphological features among these three soils, the specific micromorphological features might be employed as diagnostic horizons to differentiate soils while the quantifiable micromorphological features might potentially be selected as diagnostic indices for chinese soil taxonomic classification.

关键词： Soil micromorphology Soil diagnostic horizon chinese Soil Taxonomy Southwestern china

Two new reinforcement techniques applicable in high steep slopes along the chengdu-Lhasa Highway, Southwest china

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2003年第z1期46卷 156-162页

作者： YANG ZhifaZHU Jiewang ZHANG Luqing, CUI Peng, LI Xiao & SHANG Yanjun Institute of Geology and Geophysics, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100029, china Institute of mountain {3. and environment, chinese academy of sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, chengdu 610041, china chinese Acad Sci Inst Geol & Geophys Beijing 100029 Peoples R China chinese Acad Sci Inst Mt Hazards & Environm Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China Minist Water Resources Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China

Anti-slide pile and anchoring hole are two types of reinforcement techniques popularly used in slope reinforcement. However, some defects of these two techniques are found in slope engineering practices. Utilizing higher tensile strength of pre-stressed structures, the authors devise two new types of slope reinforcement techniques, i.e. pre-stressed anchoring beam and pre-stressed anti-slide pile, in an attempt to overcome those defects of the existing techniques. These two new techniques are characterized by gathering multiple functions, e.g. engineering investigation, reinforcement, drainage, monitoring and strength supplement, so as to achieve high reinforcement efficiency, convenient checking, and higher ratio of function to cost. It is hoped that, if applying these two new techniques in remedies of landslide hazards along the chengdu-Lhasa Highway, better reinforcement effects will be obtained.

关键词： rock slope, pre-stressed anchoring beam, pre-stressed anti-slide pile.

Debris-flow of Zelongnong Ravine in Tibet

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Journal of mountain Science 2011年第4期8卷 535-543页

作者： ZHANG Jinshan SHEN Xingju Key Laboratory of mountain hazards and Earth Surface Processes Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment CASChengdu 61oo41 China College of Tourism and History & Culture Southwest University for Nationalities chengdu 61 oo41 China Graduate University CAS Beijing 10o049 China

Zelongnong Ravine,a branch ravine of Brahmaputra,is an old large glacier debris-flow ***-flows with medium and/or small scales occur almost every year;multiple super debris-flows have also broken out in history,and have caused destructive disaster to local residents at the mouth of ravine and blocked *** huge altitude difference and the steep slope of the Zelongnong Ravine provide predominant energy conditions for the *** drainage basin is located in the fast uplifted area,where the complicated geologic structure,the cracked rock,and the frequent earthquake make the rocks experience strong weathering,thus plenty of granular materials are available for the formation of *** this region is located in the rain shadow area,the precipitation is concentrated and most is with high ***,the strong glacier activity provides water source for *** to literature reviews,most debris-flows in the ravine are induced by rainstorms,and their scales are relatively ***,when the melted water is overlaid,the large scale debris-flows may *** calculation such as the flow velocity and the runoff is conducted according to the monitoring *** result shows that large debris-flows can be aroused when the rainstorm and the melted water are combined well,but the possibility of blocking off Brahmaputra is *** occurrence of the super debris-flows is closely related to the intense glacier activity(e.g.,glaciersurge).They often result in destructive disasters and are hard to be prevented and cured by engineering measures,due to the oversized *** hazard mitigation measures such as monitoring and prediction are proposed.

关键词： Tibet The Brahmaputra The Mt Namjagbarwa Zelongnong Ravine Debris-flow

hazards Assessment of Regional Debris Flows Based on Geographic Information Science

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural sciences 2007年第4期12卷 651-656页

作者： JIANG Xiaobo CUI Peng Key Laboratory of mountain hazards and Surface Process Chinese Academy of Sciences/Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China

Supported by the spatial analysis feature of geographic information science and assessment model of regional debris flows, hazards degrees of the debris flows in the Upper Yangtze River Watershed （UYRW） are divided into five grades based on grid cell. The area of no danger, light danger, medium danger, severe danger and extreme severe danger regions respectively are 278 000, 288 000, 217 000, 127 000, 15 000 km^2. Furthermore, the counties in the UYRW are classified into four classes based on the hazards degrees in each county. The number of severe danger, medium danger, light danger and no danger counties respectively are 49, 82, 77 and 105. The assessment results will be provided for the hazards forecasting and mitigation in the UYRW and ongoing regionalization of Main Function Regions in{3. as data and technique framework.

关键词： debris flow hazards assessment geographic information science the Upper Yangtze River Watershed

Site-specific Vulnerability Assessment for Debris Flows: Two Case Studies

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Journal of mountain Science 2006年第1期3卷 20-27页

作者： Liu Xilin Institute of mountain hazards and environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu Sichuan 610041 China

Here the vulnerability is defined as the potential total maximum losses due to a debris flow damaging event for a specific debris flow fan. The vulnerability is classified into property vulnerability and population vulnerability. Assessment indexes include the assets of buildings, traffic facilities, lifeline works, personal properties, and land resources for property vulnerability; age, education, and wealth of the inhabitants, natural population growth rate, and population density for population vulnerability. The vulnerability is expressed as the sum of the transformed values of the losses of property and population. Two study cases with post-fact damages by historic debris flow events in Sichuan of SW china are presented.

关键词： Vulnerability to debris flow vulnerability factors case study china

The Impacts of Permafrost Change on NPP and Implications:A Case of the Source Regions of Yangtze and Yellow Rivers

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Journal of mountain Science 2011年第3期8卷 437-447页

作者： FANG Yiping QIN Dahe DING Yongjian YANG Jianping XU Keyan Institute of mountain hazards & environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China Cold and Arid Regions environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Graduate School of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China

This paper studies the relationship between net primary productivity (NPP) and annual average air temperature (GT) at 0cm above ground in permafrost regions by using revised Chikugo NPP model,cubic spline interpolating functions,and non-linear regression *** source regions of the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers were selected as the research *** illustrate that:(1) There is significant non-linear relationship between NPP and GT in various typical years;(2) The maximum value of NPP is 6.17,5.87,7.73.and 5.41 DM·t·hm-2 ·a-1 respectively,and the corresponding GT is 7.1,10.0,21.2,and 8.9 o C respectively in 1980,1990,2000 and 2007;(3. In 1980,the sensitivity of NPP to GT is higher than in 1990,2000 and *** tendency shows that the NPP presents change from fluctuation to an adaptation process over time;(4) During 1980～2007,the accumulated NPP was reduced to 8.05,and the corresponding carrying capacity of theoretical livestock reduced by 11%;(5) The shape of the demonstration region of ecological compensation system,livelihood support system,and science appraisal system in the source regions of Yangtze and Yellow Rivers are an important research for increasing the adaptation capacity and balancing protection and development.

关键词： The source regions of Yangtze and Yellow Rivers Permafrost Ground temperature (GT) Net primary productivity (NPP) Policy adaptation

Grain Composition and Erosive Equilibrium of Debris Flows

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Journal of mountain Science 2007年第1期4卷 71-76页

作者： LI Yong LIU Jingling CHEN Xiaoqing WEI Fangqiang Key Laboratory of mountain hazards and Surface Process Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences ＆ Ministry of Water Conseruancy Chengdu 610041

Debris flows consist of grains of various sizes ranging from 10^(-6) m ～1 m. Field observations in the Jiangjia Gully (JJG) and other sites throughout china indicate that the grain size distribution of sediment in debris flows can be characterized by an exponential function fit to the cumulative distribution. The exponent value for the function varies by location and may be useful in distinguishing between debris flows from different valleys. For example, minimum values and ranges of the exponent are associated with the high frequency of debris flows in the JJG. Furthermore, the distribution presents piecewise fractality (i.e. scaling laws hold in various ranges of the grain size) and we propose that the fractal structure determines the matrix and that the fractal dimension plays a crucial role in material exchange between a debris flow and the substrate it flows over. Finally, the empirical data support an exponential relation between grain composition and non-dimensional shear stress for the critical state of the channel. Overall we propose a material-determinism approach to studying debris flows which contrasts with the enviro-determinism that has dominated much recent work in this field.

关键词： Grain composition fractal erosion equilibrium debris flow

Seismically Induced Slope Instabilities and the Corresponding Treatments:the Case of a Road in the Wenchuan Earthquake Hit Region

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Journal of mountain Science 2009年第1期6卷 96-100页

作者： LI Xinpo HE Siming Key laboratory of mountain hazards and Surface Process CAS Chengdu 610041 China Institute of mountain hazards and environment CAS Chengdu 610041 China

On May 12, 2008, a magnitude 8.0 earthquake hit Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province resulted in great loss of life and ***, abundant landslides and slope failures were triggered in the most seriously hit areas and caused disastrous damages to infrastructures and public ***, abundant unstable slopes caused by the quake have the potential to cause damages for a considerable long period of *** variety of these slopes and the corresponding treatments are connected with the topographical and geological conditions of the *** is decided to document and identify some of these major slope instabilities caused by the earthquake and their *** paper shows the condition of a road in Dujiangyan through in situ *** case history showed significant implications to the reconstruction of the quake-hit regions and future disaster prevention and management works.

关键词： Slope failure slope reinforcement design the Wenehuan earthquake china

^(13.)Cs Redistribution in Thin Stony Soil of a Carbonate Rock Slope in Southwest china

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Pedosphere 2011年第1期21卷 37-45页

作者： LI Hao ZHANG Xin-Bao WANG Kc-Lin WEN An-Bang Institute of mountain hazards and environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 (China) Graduate University Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 (China) State Key Laboratory of environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 (China) Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences Changsha 410125 (China)

The fallout radionuclide cesium-13.(13. Cs) has been widely employed as a tracer for assessment of soil loss from thick uniform soils;however,few studies have been conducted on thin stony soils on slopes underlain by carbonate rocks which are widely distributed in karst *** derived from 13. Cs measurement of soil samples collected along a carbonate rock slope with thin stony soil where neither soil erosion nor deposition occurred was used to investigate the characteristics of 13. Cs redistribution in a karst area of Southwest *** results indicated that the 13. Cs inventories of the surface soil on the slope studied were much lower than that of the local 13. Cs reference inventory and the 13. Cs activities were much higher than those on slopes with thick uniform *** spatial distribution of 13. Cs inventories was characterized by considerable *** high 13. Cs depletion in the stony soil of the slope studied was mainly because a considerable proportion of the fallout input of 13. Cs could be lost with runoff and the dissolution of carbonate particles in the soil promoted the loss of 13. *** demonstrated that the rates of soil loss could not be estimated from the degree of depletion of the 13. Cs inventory relative to the local reference inventory for the thin stony soil of the rocky slope underlain by carbonate rocks in the study area in the way that has been widely used in areas with thick uniform soils.

关键词： carbonate dissolution, ^13.Cs fallout, ^13.Cs inventory karst area runoff

Preliminary Study on Biological Characteristics of Degraded Soil Ecosystems in Dry Hot Valley of the Jinsha River

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Pedosphere 2002年第4期12卷 365-372页

作者： HEYURONG YANGWANQIN WANGKAIYUN SONGGUANGYU chengduInstituteofBiology theChineseAcademyofSciencesChengdu610041（China） CollegeofResourcesandenvironment SouthwestAgriculturalUniversityChongqing400716（China） Instituteofmountainhazardsandenvironment theChineseAcademyofSciencesandMinistryofWaterConservancyChengdu610041（China）

Distribution characteristics of soil animals, microorganisms and enzymatic activity were studied in the dry red soil and Vertisol ecosystems with different degradation degrees in the Yuanmou dry hot valley of the Jinsha River, china. Results showed that Hymenoptera, Araneae and Collembola were the dominant groups of soil animals in the plots studied. The numbers of groups and individuals and density of soil animals in the dry red soil series were higher than those in the Vertisol series, and the numbers of individuals and density of soil animals decreased with the degree of soil degradation. Bacteria dominated microbiocoenosis not only in the dry red soils but also in the Vertisols. Microbial numbers of the dry red soil series were higher than those of Vertisol series, and decreased with the degree of soil degradation. The activities of catalase, invertase, urease and alkaline phosphatase declined with the degradation degree and showed a significant decline with depth in the profiles of both the dry red soils and the Vertisols, but activities of polyphenol oxidase and acid and neutral phosphatase showed the same tendencies only in the Vertisols. It was concluded that the characteristics of soil animals, microorganisms and enzymatic activity could be used as the bio-indicators to show the degradation degree of the dry red soils and Vertisols. Correlation among these soil bio-indicators was highly significant.

关键词： degraded soil ecosystem soil enzyme soil fauna soil microbes