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基于生态风险的土壤短链氯化石蜡环境基准研究

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地学前缘 2024年第2期31卷 54-63页

作者：蒿梦秋月刘大庆闫振飞冯承莲中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室北京100012

短链氯化石蜡(Short Chain Chlorinated Paraffins,SCCPs)是一种持久性有机污染物,广泛应用于电缆、人造革等工业生产中,具有很强的生物毒性,并可以通过多种途径进入土壤环境,威胁着土壤生态环境安全。针对新污染物之一的SCCPs,已经有... 详细信息

短链氯化石蜡(Short Chain Chlorinated Paraffins,SCCPs)是一种持久性有机污染物,广泛应用于电缆、人造革等工业生产中,具有很强的生物毒性,并可以通过多种途径进入土壤环境,威胁着土壤生态环境安全。针对新污染物之一的SCCPs,已经有相关研究做出了基于淡水环境的基准,而目前关于SCCPs的土壤生态环境基准和风险的研究仍旧缺乏。鉴于此,本研究分别采用物种敏感度分布法和分配系数法推导了土壤中SCCPs的生态环境基准阈值,并对我国典型土壤中的生态风险进行了评价。结果表明:采用物种敏感度分布法得出土壤的无效应浓度为71.46mg/kg;采用分配系数法得到土壤的无效应浓度为10.1mg/kg。经过与相关研究对比,最终选择利用分配系数法得到的基准值作为SCCPs的土壤生态环境基准值。由于物种选择和研究方法的差异性等,本研究获得的SCCPs土壤生态环境基准与其他国家存在一定差异。另外,运用风险商值法对土壤中的SCCPs环境风险进行评价,结果表明,目前我国主要地区的不同土壤类型中SCCPs的HQ值为7.23.10^(-5)~0.5017,为低风险。本研究的结果可为土壤SCCPs环境质量标准的制定与环境风险管理提供参考依据。

关键词：短链氯化石蜡土壤环境基准物种敏感度分布生态风险评价

Characteristics of remaining oil viscosity in water-and polymer-flooding reservoirs in daqing oilfield

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Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第12期53卷 72-83页

作者： XU ZhengShun,ZHANG JuHe,FENG ZiHui,FANG Wei & WANG FengLan Exploration and development research Institute,daqing {3. Company Ltd.,daqing 163.12.china 1. Exploration and development research Institute Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd. Daqing 163712 China

The experimental analysis of 21 crude oil samples shows a good correlation between high molecular-weight hydrocarbon components (C 40+) and ***-four remaining oil samples extracted from oil sands of oilfield development coring wells were analyzed by high-temperature gas chromatography (HTGC),for the relative abundance of C 21-,C 21-C 40 and C 40+ *** relationship between viscosity of crude oil and C 40+ (%) hydrocarbons abundance is used to expect the viscosity of remaining *** mobility characteristics of remaining oil,the properties of remaining oil,and the next displacement methods in reservoirs either water-flooded or polymer-flooded are studied with rock permeability,oil saturation of coring wells,*** experimental results show that the hydrocarbons composition,viscosity,and mobility of remaining oil from both polymer-flooding and water-flooding reservoirs are heterogeneous,especially the *** abundance of C 21- and C 21-C 40 hydrocarbons in polymer-flooding reservoirs is lower than that of water-flooding,but with more abundance of C 40+ *** is then suggested that polymer flooding must have driven more C 40- hydrocarbons out of reservoir,which resulted in relatively enriched C 40+,more viscous oils,and poorer *** oil in water-flooding reservoirs is dominated by moderate viscosity oil with some low viscosity oil,while polymer-flooding mainly contained moderate viscosity oil with some high viscosity *** each oilfield and reservoir,displacement methods of remaining oil,viscosity,and concentration by polymer-solution can be adjusted by current viscosity of remaining oil and mobility ratio in a favorable range.A new basis and methods are suggested for the further development and enhanced oil recovery of remaining oil.

关键词： remaining oil viscosity mobility ratio water-flooding polymer-flooding heterogeneity polymer-solution viscosity

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Science china Earth Sciences 2004年第10期47卷 886-895页

作者： TANG Liangjie1,2, JIA Chengzao3. PI Xuejun4, CHEN Suping1,2, WANG Zhiyu5, XIE Huiwen4 1. Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Education Ministry, Beijing 102249, china 2. Basin & Reservoir research Center, University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, china 3. Petrochina Company Limited, Beijing 100011, china 4. Tarim oilfield Company, Petrochina Company Ltd., Kurle 841000, china 5. Department of Geology, University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, china 1. Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation of Education Ministry 102249 Beijing China 2. Basin & Reservoir research Center University of Petroleum 102249 Beijing China 3. Petrochina Company Limited 100011 Beijing China 4. Tarim oilfield Company PetroChina Company Ltd. 841000 Kurle China 5. Department of Geology University of Petroleum 102249 Beijing China

The salt beds of Lower Tertiary developed in the mid-segment of Kuqa foreland fold belt, northern Tarim basin. They considerably controlled structural deformation of the belt. Ac- cording to the field observation, seismic profile interpretation and drilling data, three different structural styles of supra-salt, intra-salt and sub-salt occurred in the Kuqa foreland fold belt. Su- pra-salt structural styles mainly include thrust faults and fault-related sags. Intra-slat structural styles essentially are salt-pillows, intra-salt faults and folds, and salt weld structures. Sub-salt structural styles mainly consist of imbricated thrust faults, duplex structures, pop-up and fault-related folds. It is indicated that great differences exist among supra-salt, intra-salt and sub-salt structures of Kuqa foreland fold belt. The salt-related structures were formed in the same structural stress field. The dynamic mechanism of the salt-related structures is mainly associated with gravitation, compression and plastic flow of salt beds.

关键词： salt-related structural style, supra-salt structure, intra-salt structure, sub-salt structure, Kuga foreland fold belt.

Geochemical characteristics and origin of gases from the Upper,Lower Paleozoic and the Mesozoic reservoirs in the Ordos Basin,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 183-194页

作者： HU AnPing 1 ,Li Jian 2 ,ZHANG WenZheng 3.,LI ZhiSheng 2 ,HOU Lu 4 &LIU QuanYou 5 1 Department of Earth Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 3.0027,china 2 Langfang Branch,Reasearch Institute of Petroleum Exploration and development,Petrochina,Langfang 065007,china 3.Institute of Exploration and development,Petrochina Changqing oilfield Company,Xi’an 710021,china 4 University of Petroleum,Beijing102249,china 5 Petrochina research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and development,Beijing 100083.china 1. Department of Earth Sciences Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China2. Langfang Branch Reasearch Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Langfang 065007 China3. Institute of Exploration and Development PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company Xi’an 710021 China4. University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China5. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083 China

The Ordos Basin,the second largest sedimentary basin in china,contains the broad distribution of natural gas *** far,several giant gas fields have been discovered in the Upper and Lower Paleozoic in this basin,each having over 1000×10 8 m 3.of proven gas reserves,and several gas pools have also been discovered in the *** paper collected the data of natural gases and elucidated the geochemical characteristics of gases from different reservoirs,and then discussed their *** hydrocarbons preserved in the Upper Paleozoic,the elevatedδ13. values of methane,ethane and propane indicate that the gases would be mainly coal-formed gases;the singular reversal in the stable carbon isotopes of gaseous alkanes suggests the mixed gases from humic sources with different *** the Lower Paleozoic,theδ13. 1 values are mostly similar with those in the Upper Paleozoic,but theδ13. 2 andδ13. 3.values are slightly lighter,suggesting that the gases would be mixing of coal-type gases as a main member and oil-type *** are multiple reversals in carbon isotopes for gaseous alkanes,especially abnormal reversal for methane and ethane(i.e.δ13. 1 >δ13. 2 ),inferring that gases would be mixed between high-mature coal-formed gases and oil-type *** the Mesozoic,the δ13.values for gaseous alkanes are enriched in 12C,indicating that the gases are mainly derived from sapropelic sources;the carbon isotopic reversal for propane and butane in the Mesozoic is caused by microbial oxidation and mixing of gases from sapropelic sources with different *** contrast to the Upper Paleozoic gases,the Mesozoic gases are characterized by heavier carbon isotopes of iso-butane than normal butane,which may be caused by gases generated from different kerogen types. Finally,according toδ13. 1 -Ro relationship and extremely low total organic carbon contents,the Low Paleozoic gases would not be generated from the Ordovician source as a main gas source,bycontrast, the Upper Pale

关键词： Ordos Basin natural gas chemical composition carbon isotope genesis

Theoretical analysis of microscopic oil displacement mechanism by viscoelastic polymer solution

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2011年第2期1卷 52-55页

作者： Yuhu Bai,~(1,2,a) Xiansong Zhang,~(1,2)and Guoshi Zhao~3.1.State Key Laboratory of Offshore Oil Exploitation,Beijing 100027,china 2.china National Offshore Oil Corporation research Institute,Beijing 10027,china 3.No.8 Oil Production Plant,daqing oilfield Limited Company,Petrochina,daqing 163.14,china State Key Laboratory of Offshore Oil Exploitation Beijing 100027 China china National Offshore Oil Corporation research Institute Beijing 10027 China No. 8 Oil Production Plant Daqing Oilfield Limited Company PetroChina Daqing 163514 China

The microscopic oil displacement mechanism in viscoelastic polymer flooding is theoretically analyzed with mechanical *** effects of viscoelasticity of polymer solution on such three kinds of residual oil as in pore throat,in sudden expansion pore path,and in dead end are *** show that the critical radius of mobile residual oil for viscoelastic polymer solution is larger than that for viscous polymer solution,which makes the oil that is immobile in viscous polymer flooding displaced under the condition of viscoelastic polymer *** viscous polymer solution hardly displaces the oil in dead ***,when the effect of viscoelasticity is considered,the residual oil in sudden expansion pore paths and dead ends can be partly displaced. A dimensionless parameter is suggested to denote the relative dominance of gravity and capillary *** larger the dimensionless parameter,the more accurate the increment expressions.

关键词： polymer solution viscoelasticity residual oil dimensionless parameter

Influence of Ordovician carbonate reservoir beds in Tarim Basin by faulting

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 53-60页

作者： L XiuXiang1,2,YANG Ning1,2,ZHOU XinYuan3.YANG HaiJun3.& LI JianJiao1,2 1 Faculty of Natural Resource & Information Technology,china University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,china 2 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting,china University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,china 3.Tarim oilfield,Petrochina,Korla 841000,china china Univ Petr Fac Nat Resource & Informat Technol Beijing 102249 Peoples R China china Univ Petr State Key Lab Petr Resource & Prospecting Beijing 102249 Peoples R China Petrochina Tarim Oilfield Korla 841000 Peoples R China

The quality of the Ordovician carbonate reservoir beds in the Tarim Basin is closely related to the development of secondary pores,fractures and cavities. Karstification is important in improving the properties of reservoir beds,and karstification related to unconformity has caught wide attention. Compared with the recent research on the unconformity karst reservoir bed improvement,this paper shows a new way of carbonate reservoir bed transformation. Based on field survey,core and slices observation,transformation of Ordovician carbonate reservoir beds by faulting can be classified into three types: (1) Secondary faults and fracturs generated by faulting improved carbonate reservoir bed properties,which were named the Lunnan or Tazhong82 model; (2) upflow of deep geothermal fluids caused by faulting,with some components metasomatizing with carbonate and forming some secon-dary deposit,such as fluorite. It can improve carbonate reservoir bed properties obviously and is named the Tazhong 82 model; and (3. the faulting extending up to the surface increased the depth of supergene karstification and the thickness of reservoir bed. It is named the Hetianhe model. Trans-formation effect of carbonate reservoir beds by faulting was very significant,mainly distributed on the slopes or on the edge or plunging end of the uplift.

关键词： carbonate faulting reservoir transformation Ordovician Tarim Basin

考虑驱油与碳减排双重效益的CCUS-EOR经济性及发展模式分析与探讨

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油气地质与采收率 2024年第2期31卷 70-78页

作者：谭新罗大清宋欣和中国石化集团经济技术研究院有限公司北京100029 辽宁师范大学国际商学院辽宁大连116029

双碳战略目标下,石油石化行业转型的重点、难点在于探寻低成本转型发展路径,这就要求系统研究各项转型技术的发展基础和规模潜力,统筹各项转型技术发展应用时序,形成支撑最优转型路径的技术组合和综合方案。碳捕集、封存与利用(CCUS)的... 详细信息

双碳战略目标下,石油石化行业转型的重点、难点在于探寻低成本转型发展路径,这就要求系统研究各项转型技术的发展基础和规模潜力,统筹各项转型技术发展应用时序,形成支撑最优转型路径的技术组合和综合方案。碳捕集、封存与利用(CCUS)的技术成熟度较高,与石油石化产业协同耦合性较好,是石油石化转型的关键技术之一,但成本过高仍是目前阻碍CCUS技术规模化发展的主要问题。分析CCUS的经济性及探讨其发展模式,对于确定未来CCUS产业的发展布局,以及研究CCUS对石油石化行业转型的支撑潜力、石油石化行业的转型路径具有重要作用。为深入分析研究未来CCUS技术的经济性及在石油石化行业转型中的潜力和定位,本研究重点聚焦碳捕集与驱油封存(CCUS-EOR),提出了一套全新的分析研判思路。首先,通过CCUS-EOR的全流程梳理,详细分析介绍了各个环节的成本,包括碳捕集、运输、驱油封存等环节,研判了未来各个环节的成本下降空间。其次,通过对未来油价和碳价的研判,分析了驱油及碳减排带来的经济收益,并进行了成本收益对比。基于CCUS-EOR各环节的成本收益分析结果,本研究进一步对中国未来不同模式下的CCUS-EOR项目进行了全面的经济性评估,涵盖了不同的碳捕集技术、运输方式以及封存策略,揭示了在不同场景下CCUS-EOR项目的盈利能力和可持续发展潜力。研究结果表明,CCUS-EOR的经济性深受碳价、油价、驱油效率等多重因素的影响,其中从中长期来看,碳价的变化对未来CCUS-EOR收益影响较大。在碳价和油价均处于较高水平的情况下,CCUS-EOR项目的盈利空间更大,更具吸引力,同时驱油效率的提升也能显著提高项目的经济收益。当前中国各个项目经济性差异较大,无法完全保证明显盈利,但未来的经济性有较大提升空间。针对未来中国CCUS-EOR的发展,需要突破碳捕集环节的技术瓶颈,重点开发运用燃烧前捕集技术,降低捕集成本,提升捕集效率。此外,还需要优化产业布局,形成源汇匹配的产业集群,实现产业链的协同效应。同时,需积极推动碳交易市场的发展成熟,通过市场机制引导碳减排行为,为CCUS-EOR技术在石油石化行业的推广和应用创造良好的外部环境。

关键词：双碳目标能源转型碳捕集、封存与利用 CO_(2)驱油 CCUS-EOR

Kinetics of hydrocarbon generation for Well Yingnan 2 gas reservoir,Tarim Basin,china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S1期51卷 107-114页

作者： XIAO ZhongYao 1,2 ,XIAO XianMing 3.,MA DeMing 4 ,LU YuHong 2 &YANG ChaoShi 2 1 china University of Mining&Technology,Beijing 100083.china 2 research Institutes of Exploration and {3.,Tarim oilfield Company,Petrochina,Korla 841000,china 3.Guangzhou Institutes of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,china 4 Department of Synthetic Physical-Chemical Prospecting,BGP,Zhuozhou 072656,china china Univ Min & Technol Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Petrochina Tarim Oilfield Co Res Inst Explorat & Dev Korla 841000 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Guangzhou Inst Geochem Guangzhou 510640 Peoples R China BGP Dept Synthet Phys Chem Prospecting Zhuozhou 072656 Peoples R China

Well Yingnan 2,an important exploratory well in the east of Tarim Basin,yields high commercial oil and gas flow in *** gas components and carbon isotopic composition indicate that it belongs to sapropel type *** this region presents many suits of hydrocarbon source rocks,there are some controversies that natural gases were generated from kerogen gas or crude oil cracking gas at *** using the kinetics of hydrocarbon generation and carbon isotope,natural gas of Well Yingnan 2 is composed mainly of crude oil cracking gas,about 72%,it is generated from secondary kerogen gas of Cambrian-Lower Ordovician source rock and crude oil cracking gas of Mid-Upper Ordovician oil *** main oil and gas filling time is 65 Ma later in the Jurassic gas reservoir of Well Yingnan 2,so the gas reservoir belongs to late accumulation and continuous filling type.

关键词： kinetic migration and accumulation process crude oil cracking gas Well Yingnan 2 Tarim Basin

Classification of carbonate gas condensate reservoirs using well test and production data analyses

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Petroleum Science 2011年第1期8卷 70-78页

作者： Li Yong Li Baozhu Hu Yongle Xia Jing Liu Zhaowei Deng Xingliang She Zhicheng Fan Kun research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and development PetroChinaBeijing 100083.China china National Oil ＆ Gas Exploration and development Corporation PetroChinaBeijing 100034China Tarim oilfield Company PetroChinaKorlaXingjiang 841000China

Carbonate reservoir patterns play an important role in the production performance of oil and gas wells,and it is usually classified through static data analysis which cannot reflect the actual well *** paper takes the Tazhong No.1 gas field in the Tarim Basin,china as an example to investigate the classification of carbonate *** classification method mainly combines well test analysis with production analysis—especially the Blasingame type curve *** on the characteristics of type curves for well test analysis and the Blasingame method,the relationship between the type curves and reservoir pattern was *** than 20 wells were analyzed and the reservoirs were classified into 3.major patterns with 7 ***,the classification results were validated by dynamic performance analysis of wells in the Tazhong No.1 gas *** the basis of the classification results,well stimulation（*** flooding in a single well） was carried out in three volatile-oil wells,and the oil recovery increased by up to 20%.

关键词： Carbonate reservoir pattern well test analysis production analysis type curve