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Prediction method for October 2.03.solar storm

science china(Technological sciences) 2006年第5期49卷 629-640页

作者： XIE Yanqiong1, 2. 3. WEI Fengsi1, FENG Xueshang1 & ZHONG Dingkun1, 2.1. State Key Laboratory of space Weather, Center for space science and Applied Research, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 100080, china 2. Graduate School, Chinese Academy of sciences, Beijing 10003., china 3. Institute of Meteorology, PLA University of science and {14., Nanjing 2.1101, china State Key Laboratory of space Weather Center for Space Science Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Graduate School Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China Institute of Meteorology PLA University of Science technology Nanjing 211101 China

Aiming at two intense shock events on October 2. and 2., 2.03. this paper presents a two-step method, which combines synoptic analysis of {4. weather ——“observing” and quantitative prediction ——“palpating”, and then uses it to test predictions. In the first step of “observing”, on the basis of observations of the solar source surface magnetic field, interplanetary scintillation (IPS) and ACE {4.craft, we find that the propagation of the shocks is asymmetric relative to the normal direction of their solar sources, and the Earth is located near the direction of the fastest speed and the greatest energy of the shocks. As the two fast ejection shock events, the fast explosion of coronal mass of the extremely high temperature, the strong magnetic field, and the high speed background solar wind are also helpful to their rapid propagation. In the second step of “palpating”, we adopt a new membership function of the fast shock events for the ISF method. The predicted results show that for the onset time of the geomagnetic disturbance, the relative errors between the observational and the predicted results are 1.8% and 6.7%; and for the magnetic disturbance magnitude, the relative errors are 4.1% and 3.1%, re- spectively. Furthermore, the comparison among the predicted results of our two-step method with those of five other prevailing methods shows that the two-step method is advantageous. The results tell us that understanding the physical features of shock propagation thoroughly is of great importance in improving the prediction precision.

关键词： solar storm, interplanetary shock, interplanetary scintillation, two-step method, ISF method.

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Development and Application of High Performance X80 Line Pipe for the 2.(nd) West-East Gas Pipeline

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2011年第S1期18卷 39-48页

作者： LI He-lin 1 , HUO Chun-yong 1 , JI Ling-kang 1, 2., LI Yang 1, 3.(1. CNPC Tubular Goods Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, china 2. . School of Material {2. and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 71004., china 3. School of Material {2. and Engineering, University of {2. and technology Beijing, Beijing 100083. china) CNPC Tubular Goods Res Inst Xian 710065 Peoples R China Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Sch Mat Sci & Engn Xian 710049 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol Beijing Sch Mat Sci & Engn Beijing 100083 Peoples R China

It is the development tendency of gas pipeline to improve strength of line pipe and transmission pressure, which is an important symbol of the progress of gas pipeline technology. The 2.d West-East Gas Pipeline (the 2.nd WEGP) is the largest-scale X80 high pressure gas pipeline project in the world. Through the joint development project by Pipeline Company, research institute, and steel company, a series of achievements of technology have been obtained, which makes it possible to apply pressure of 12.MPa and X80 LSAW and HSAW pipe for the 2.nd WEGP. Specifications of X80 steel and pipe have been issued based on API 5L. High performance X80 steel and pipe have been developed and meets the Specification. General design conception of applying HSAW pipe and LSAW pipe on gas transmission trunk line with large diameter and high pressure has been established. Failure control of the 2.nd WEGP has been carried out to avoid failure and reduce the lost which based on analysis of pipeline failure mode. In this paper, research and development of high performance X80 welded pipe, establishment of technical route of joint application of HSAW and LSAW steel pipe and key technology of failure control are emphatically discussed.

关键词： 2.nd WEGP acicular ferrite failure control arrest toughness strain-based design

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Re-Os(ICP-MS)dating of the massive sulfide ores from the Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit

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science china Earth sciences 2005年第10期48卷 1672-1677页

作者： YANG Gang1,2. DU Andao1, LU Jiren3. QU Wenjun1 & CHEN Jiangfeng2.1. National Research Center of Geoanalysis, Beijing 10003.,{2. 2. Laboratory for Earth Material Cycling, School of Earth and space sciences, University of science and technology of{2., hefei 2.002.,{2. 3. Institute of Mineral Resource, Chinese Academy of Geological sciences, Beijing 10003.,{2. National Research Center of Geoanalysis Beijing china Laboratory for Earth Material Cycling School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Institute of Mineral Resource Chinese Academy of Geological sciences Beijing china

Massive sulfide ore from the Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit was dated by Re-Os technique using Carius Tube digestion, Os distillation, Re extraction by acetone and ICP-MS measurement. An isochron giving an age of 83. ± 3. Ma, initial 187Os/188Os ratio of 0.2.9 ± 0.018 (MSWD = 1.7) and γOs = 13. ± 15 is obtained. The Re-Os age obtained agrees, within analytical uncertainties, with previous SHRIMP zircon U-Pb age of 82. ± 8 Ma (n=5, MSWD = 4.3.. The result suggests that the deposit was formed at Neoproterozoic and that the formation of the Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE sulfide deposit may be closely related to the plume activity, which were attributed to the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent. The high γOs of the massive ores sug-gests that crustal material was involved in the formation of the Jinchuan deposit, however, the quantity of the added crustal material is less than 10%.

关键词： Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit, Re-Os dating, ICP-MS.

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Formation of complexes of Rubisco-Rubisco activase from La^3., Ce^3. treatment spinach

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science china Chemistry 2005年第1期48卷 67-74页

作者： HONG Fashui1, LIU Chao1, ZHENG Lei1, WANG Xuefeng1, WU Kang1, SONG Weiping1, Lü Shipeng1, TAO Ye2.& ZHAO Guiwen3.1. College of Life sciences, Suzhou Universty, Suzhou 2.5006,{2. 2. Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Institute of High Energy Physics, The Chinese Academy of science, Beijing 10003.,{2. 3. Chemical Department, University of science and technology of{2., hefei 2.002.,{2. 1. College of Life sciences Suzhou Universty 215006 Suzhou China 2. Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Institute of High Energy Physics The Chinese Academy of Science 100039 Beijing China 3. Chemical Department University of Science and Technology of China 230026 Hefei China

The complex of Rubisco and Rubisco activase from LaCl3., CeCl3. treated spinach in vivo is induced. SDS-PAGE result shows that the purified proteins from LaCl3., CeCl3. treated spinach have not only large and small subunits (55 kD, 14.4.kD) of Rubisco, but also two large subunits of 4. kD and 4. kD near the large subunits of Rubisco. Native-PAGE shows that the purified proteins from LaCl3., CeCl3. treated spinach have not only a band of Rubisco (560 kD), but also a band of about 1100 kD, about twice distant from Rubisco, which might be a complex of Rubisco and Rubisco activase. The purified enzyme activities from LaCl3., CeCl3.treated spinach are 1.8 and 2.8 times that of the control,the intensities of absorption and fluorescence are sig- nificantly higher than that of the purified Rubisco from the control, and the total sulfhydryl groups and available sulfhydryl groups are 3.—3. –SH per mol enzyme, 14.2. –SH per mol enzyme more than those of the purified Rubisco from the control, respectively. The CD spectra show that the secondary structure of the purified enzyme from LaCl3., CeCl3.-treated spinach is very dif- ferent from the control. The enzyme activities from LaCl3., CeCl3. treated spinach in vivo are 1.5 and 1.9 times those of the control.

关键词： La3., Ce3., spinach, Rubisco, complex of Rubisco and Rubisco acitivase, spectral characteristics.

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Comparison study of trapped water in human erythrocytes by EPC and DSC method and its application

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science china(Technological sciences) 2004年第3期47卷 343-351页

作者： ZHAO Gang1, HE Liqun1, GUO Xiaojie2. LIU Zhong3. LUO Dawei1,3.& GAO Dayong1,3.1. Cryobiomedical Engineering Research Institute, Department of Thermal {4. and Energy Engineering, University of {4. and technology of{3., hefei 2.002.,{3. 2. Red Cross Blood Center of hefei, hefei 2.002.,{3. 3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 4.506-0108, USA Univ Sci & Technol china Cryobiomed Engn Res Inst Dept Thermal Sci & Energy Engn Hefei 230027 Peoples R China Red Cross Blood Ctr hefei Hefei 230022 Peoples R China Univ Kentucky Dept Mech Engn Lexington KY 40506 USA

The novel differential scanning calorimetry method for determining trapped water volume of human red blood cell during freezing process has been reexamined. Results show that the final erythrocyte volume is 53. of its isotonic volume after freezing to -4.℃. An electronic particle counter (MultisizerTM III, Beckman Coulter Inc., USA) was used to measure cell volume changes in response to hypertonic solution. Using this approach, when extracellular solution was 3.86 mOsm, the equilibrium cell volume was found to be 57% of its isotonic value. Both results indicate that 3.%—4.% of intracellular water is trapped and cannot respond to osmotic difference between intra- and extracellular solution. These findings are consistent with the published data: at least 2.%—3.% of the isotonic cell water volume is retained within RBCs during freezing. Some applications of the values of trapped water are addressed.

关键词： differential scanning calorimeter/DSC, electronic particle counter/EPC, cell volumetric change, red blood cell/RBC/erythrocyte

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Neuroglobin mutation associated with hypoxia adaptation in Tibet chicken

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2007年第12期17卷 1419-1424页

作者： Zhang Lifan1, Liu Chong2. Lian Linsheng3. Zhao Chunjiang1, Bao Haigang1 and Wu Changxin1(1. College of Animal science and {2.,{4. Agricultural University, Beijing 100094.{4. 2. College of Biological science,{4. Agricultural University, Beijing 100094.{4. 3. College of Animal science and {2., Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 6502.1,{4.) College of Animal science and technology China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China College of Biological science China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China College of Animal science and technology Yunnan Agricultural University Kunming 650201 China

Globin protein family plays an important role in storing and transporting oxygen. As a newly reported globin, the revealed function of neuroglobin includes binding and storing oxygen as well as facilitating the utilization of oxygen in neuronal cells. In the present study, mutations in exons of chicken Ngb gene were identified with the method of sequencing and created restriction site PCR in Tibet chicken and other four lowland chicken breeds. The mutations of Lys-2.2.(E4.-Asn and Ser-2.79(E4.-Gly were identified in exon 4.of the gene. The Lys-2.2.(E4.-Asn mutation existed only in Tibet chicken and the mutation frequencies increased with increasing altitude. Analysis of the haplotype and diplotype of the two mutations in Tibet chicken populations of different altitudes showed that the frequencies of TG haplotype and TTGG diplotype also increased with increasing altitude, while the reverse tendency was found on GGAA diplotype. Under the hypoxic simulation incubation, the main haplotype was TG in living embryos and GA in dead embryos. The results showed that the Lys-2.2.(E4.-Asn mutation may be a specific mutation associated with hypoxia adaptation in Tibet chicken.

关键词： Tibet chicken neuroglobin hypoxia adaptation Ngb gene mutation.

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A computer simulation of nucleation and growth of thin films

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science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2004年第4期47卷 442-451页

作者： ZHENG Xiaoping1,ZHANG Peifeng2.HE Deyan2.LIU Jun2. MA Jiantai3.1. Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic {4. and Intelligent Control, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 73.070, china 2. School of Physical science and {4., Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 73.000, china 3. School of Chemistry and Chemistry Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 73.000, china 1. Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic technology and Intelligent Control Ministry of Education Lanzhou Jiaotong University 730070 Lanzhou China 2. School of Physical science and technology Lanzhou University 730000 Lanzhou China 3. School of Chemistry and Chemistry Engineering Lanzhou University 730000 Lanzhou China

A three-dimensional kinetic Monte Carlo technique has been developed for simulating the nucleation and growth of thin films. This model involves incident atom attachment, surface diffusion of the atoms on the growing surface and atom detachment from the growing surface. It takes some new effects into account, such as a significant improvement in calculation of activation energy for the atom diffusion, which renders the model more reasonable. In addition three optimum temperatures and the consistency of their dependence on deposition rate have been found out; the dependence of the surface roughness and relative density on the deposition rate has been discussed; and the approximation of freezing neighbour atoms and periodic boundary conditions has been applied.

关键词： Monte Carlo, thin film, nucleation, surface roughness, relative density.

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Structure and kinematic analysis of a novel 2.DOF translational parallel robot

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2007年第10期17卷 1213-1219页

作者： Chen Tao1, Wu Chao2.and Liu Xinjun2.1. School of Application science and technology, Harbin University of science and technology, Harbin 150080, china 2. Department of Precision Instruments, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084. china) School of Application science and technology Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin 150080 China Department of Precision Instruments Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

This paper addresses the analysis of a novel parallel robot with 2.translational degrees of freedom (DOFs). The robot can position a rigid body in a plane with constant orientation. The kinematic structure of the robot is first described in detail. Some kinematic problems, such as the inverse and forward kinematics, velocity, and singularity are then analyzed. The working and assembly modes are discussed. Since it is the most important index to design a robot, the workspace of the robot is studied systematically in this paper. Based on the analysis of reachable workspace and singularity, a kind of workspace concept characterizing the region that the end-effector of the robot can reach in practice is defined. The results of this paper will be very useful for the design and application of the robot.

关键词： parallel robot degree of freedom kinematics workspace.

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Alterations in circadian rhythms of melaton in and cortisol in patients with bronchial asthma

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第5期25卷 109-114页

作者： Guang-he FEI2.3. Rong-yu LIU3.4. Zhi-hong ZHANG3. Jiang-ning ZHOU2.3.School of Life science, University of science and technology of{3., hefei 2.002.,{3. 3.ulmonary Department, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, hefei 2.002.,{3. School of Life science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China

AIM: To investigate the possible relationships between alterations in circadian rhythm of melatonin, cortisol andbronchial asthma. METHODS: Salivary melatonin and cortisol were measured simultaneously by radioimmunoas-say in 10 mild intermittent or persistent patients, 11 moderate-to-severe persistent asthma patients, and 15 controlsubjects. Twelve salivary samples were collected in a series during a 2.-h period in each subject. RESULTS: Theresults showed overall lower levels of salivary melatonin in asthma patients compared with control subject(P2.-h mean level of salivary cortisol was greatly lower and the acrophase was markedly delayedin patients with mild intermittent or persistent asthma (P<0.01) and moderate-to-severe persistent asthma (P<0.05, P<0.01) compared with control subject. CONCLUSION: Disordered circadian rhythms of salivary melato-nin and cortisol were found in asthma patients, which may be involved in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma.

关键词： melatonin asthma circadian rhythm glucocorticoids human saliva

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Numerical simulations of the bi-level and branched structure of intracloud lightning flashes

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science china Earth sciences 2006年第6期49卷 661-672页

作者： TAN Yongbo1, TAO Shanchang1, ZHU Baoyou1, MA Ming2.& LU Weitao2.1. School of Earth and space sciences, University of science and {3. of china, hefei 2.002., china 2. Chinese Academy of Meteorological sciences, Beijing 100081, china 1. School of Earth and space sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China 2. Chinese Academy of Meteorological sciences Beijing 100081 China

Intracloud (IC) lightning flashes have been simulated in fine resolution (12.5 m) by using a bidirectional stochastic lightning parameterization scheme within 2.dimensional domain. The simu-lated results show that the IC flashes have a bilevel channel structure and the altitudes of the hori-zontal channels are at the same heights of potential wells, which are supported by the previous VHF source observations and balloon soundings of electric field profile in the thundercloud. Further con-clusions are: (1) After an IC flash is initiated near the boundary between positve and nagetive charge zone, the negative (or positive) leader tends to propagate into the positive (or negative) charge zone. Both types of positive and negative IC flashes have been reproduced and their polarity depends on the up and down disposition of the positive and negative charge regions. (2. The extension range of leaders is correlative with the cloud charge distribution. The leader is possible to extend through the inverted charge region all over where it is extending, but keeps away from the isolated charge area of the same polarity. (3. The channel structures also depend on the electric potential distributions in the thundercloud. Before propagating into the central area of potential wells, the leader tends to extend along the direction with the maximum of potential gradient. Once extending away from the center of potential wells, the leader tends to extend along the direction with the slowest potential change. (4. The IC flash channels have the fractal feature with fractal dimension 1.4. before leaders pass through the central area of charge regions. The exponent decreases rapidly once leaders extend into the low-density charge regions. (5) The induced charges of opposite polarity are deposited in the leader channels within preexisting positive and negative charge regions during IC flash discharges. This causes a new and complicated charge distribution in the thundercloud, and the potential

关键词： IC, lightning parameterization, branched bilevel structure, fractal feature, propagation tendency.

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