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Crustal structure of Gondwana-and Yangtze-typed blocks:An example by wide-angle seismic profile from Menglian to Malong in western Yunnan

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第11期48卷 1828-1836页

作者： ZHANG Zhongjie1, BAI Zhiming1, WANG Chunyong2. TENG Jiwen1, Lü Qingtian3. LI Jiliang1, SUN Shanxue1 & WANG Xinzheng1 1. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, chinese {2. of Sciences, {2. 10002., China 2. Institute of Geophysics, chinese Seismological Bureau, {2. 100081, China 3. Institute of deposition resource, chinese {2. of Geological Sciences, beijing 1.0037, China 1. Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences 100029 Beijing China 2. Institute of Geophysics Chinese Seismological Bureau 100081 Beijing China 3. Institute of {1. {2. Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 100037 Beijing China

The wide-angle seismic profile between Menglian and Malong crosses the Baoshan block (Gondwana-typed), and Simao and southwestern Yangtze blocks (Yangtze-typed). By in-terpreting the wide-angle seismic data, we obtained the seismic crust/upper mantle structure of P-wave velocities together with the seismic reflections of these three blocks, Changning- Menglian and Mojiang suture zones among the mentioned three blocks. Our interpreting results demonstrate that the P-wave crustal velocity of Simao block is slower than that of Baoshan and southwestern Yangtze block and the crustal thickness gradually thickens from the Baoshan block, Simao to southwestern Yangtze block. Crustal reflection patterns of these three blocks have dis-tinct differences too. For the Gondwana-typed blocks, seismic reflections in the upper crust are well developed while in middle-lower crust they are very weak. The crustal reflections in the Yangtze block are very well developed. The crustal reflection patterns in Simao and southwest-ern Yangtze blocks are distinguishable. The average thickness of the crust in the studied area is about 40 km. And we make some discussions on the crustal thickening model of the three blocks in western Yunnan and tectonic setting of seismic developing and interaction of Gondwana and Yangtze blocks.

关键词： Gondwana blocks,Yangtze blocks,wide-angle profile,crustal structure,tectonic setting

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The crustal structure under Sanjiang and its dynamic implications:Revealed by seismic reflection/refraction profile between Zhefang and Binchuan,Yunnan

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第9期48卷 1329-1336页

作者： ZHANG Zhongjie1, BAI Zhiming1, WANG Chunyong2. TENG Jiwen1, Lü Qingtian3. LI Jiliang1, LIU Yifeng1 & LIU Zhenkuan4 1. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, chinese {2. of Sciences, {2. 10002., China 2. Institute of Geophysics, China Seismological Bureau, {2. 100085, China 3. Institute of deposition resource, chinese academy of geosciences, beijing 1.0037, China 4. School of Exploration and Information, China University of geosciences, {2. 100083. China 1. Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences 100029 Beijing China 2. Institute of Geophysics China Seismological Bureau 100085 Beijing China 3. Institute of {1. {2. Chinese Academy of Geosciences 100037 Beijing China 4. School of Exploration and Information China University of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China

The fault belts in Sanjiang mainly include Jinshajiang-Honghe fault, Lancangjiang fault and Nujiang fault (called Sanjiang faults) in western Yunnan Province, China. By interpreting the wide-angle seismic reflection/refraction profile between Zhefang and Binchuan, which crosses Tengchong and Baoshan blocks in Dianxi (western Yunnan) tectonic zone, we recon- struct the crustal structure with seismic traveltime tomography for crustal P-wave velocity and the seismic scattering image for crustal seismic reflection structure. In this paper, we firstly present the crustal structure images of P-wave velocity and seismic reflection under the wide-angle seismic profile. These results demonstrate that, the crustal velocity structure and seismic reflec- tion structure along the profile can be divided into 3.segments, and there is an obvious difference of crustal structure among the eastern, the western and the middle segment. Generally, crustal P-wave velocities in the Baoshan segment are 0.1.0.2.km/s slower and seismic reflection am- plitudes from Moho discontinuity are stronger than the other 2.segments. In the studied area, crustal thickness is about 40 km, and shows the thickening tendency from west to east along the profile. Additionally, it can be seen that there is one strong-amplitude seismic reflection event as bright points at the depths of 8―1. km, along the segment of 80―1.5 km of the profile (south- ward of Tengchong); and seismic reflection wave-field from Moho discontinuity varies obviously along the lateral direction. Finally, we make some discussions on the crustal thickening pattern in the Sanjiang fault belt, structural environment of earthquake development and the contact rela- tionship between the Tengchong block, Banshan block and Luxi trough.

关键词： Sanjiang area wide-angle seismic profile crustal structure.

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^(40)Ar/^(3.)Ar dating of shear deformation of the Xianshuihe fault zone in west Sichuan and its tectonic significance

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Science China Earth Sciences 2004年第9期47卷 794-803页

作者： ZHANG Yueqiao1. CHEN Wen2. 3.& YANG Nong1.1. Institute of Geomechanics, {1. academy of Geological Sciences, {2. 1.0081. China 2. Institute of Geology, {1. academy of Geological Sciences, beijing 1.0037, China 3. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, {1. academy of Sciences, {2. 1.002., China Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

Based on field geological survey, structural measurements and classical Ar/Ar dating of mica, biotite and K-feldspar, we obtain cooling ages for Miocene left-lateral shear along the Xianshuihe fault zone. The results document two thermal events during the sinistral shear. The early event (1.-1. Ma) corresponds to rapid cooling of the Zheduoshan granitic massif from above 700℃ to below {2.0℃. The late event (5-{2.5 Ma) corresponds to cooling of granites intruded along the eastern side of the fault zone. These dating results provide important thermochronological constraint on the timing of late Cenozoic eastward extrusion of the Chuan-Dian Block in the SE Tibetan margin.

关键词： Xianshuihe fault zone, Zheduoshan granitic massif, sinistral shear deformation, 40Ar/3.Ar dating, late Cenozoic.

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Discovery of immune related factors in Fenneropenaeus chinensis by annotation of ESTs

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2004年第1期14卷 48-55页

作者： SHEN Yaoqing 1.2. , XIANG Jianhai 1.*, WANG Bing 1.2. , LI Fuhua 1.and TONG Wei 3.1. Experimental Marine Biology Laboratory, Institute of Oceanology, {1. academy of Sciences, Qingdao 2.6071.China 2. Graduate School of the {1. academy of Sciences, beijing 1.003., China 3. Genomics & Bioinformatics Institute, {1. academy of Sciences, beijing 1.1.0}0, China) chinese Acad Sci Inst Oceanol Expt Marine Biol Lab Qingdao 266071 Peoples R China chinese Acad Sci Grad Sch Beijing 100039 Peoples R China chinese Acad Sci Geonom & Bioinformat Inst Beijing 101300 Peoples R China

A total of 1.446 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) are obtained by a large scale sequencing of a cDNA library from cephalothorax of adult Fenneropenaeus chinensis . An EST analysis platform was built up based on local computers and bioinformatic techniques were used to annotate these ESTs in order to promptly find possible functional genes, especially for immune related factors. About 4% of the ESTs show similarity to the coding sequences of such factors, including lectin, serine protease, serpin, lysozyme, etc. These ESTs provide a partial profile of the immune system in F. chinensis and useful information for further study on these genes.

关键词： Fenneropenaeus chinensis bioinformatics ESTs immune factors

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Geochemical simulation of the formation of brine and salt minerals based on Pitzer model in Caka Salt Lake

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Science China Earth Sciences 2004年第8期47卷 720-726页

作者： LIU Xingqi1. CAI Keqin2.& YU Shengsong3.1. Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, {1. academy of Sciences, Nanjing 2.0}008, China 2. China University of {2., {3. 1.0083. China 3. Institute of Salt Lakes, {1. academy of Sciences, Xining 81.008, China 1. Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 210008 Nanjing China 2. China University of geosciences 100083 Beijing China 3. Institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences 810008 Xining China

The geochemical simulation of the formation of brine and salt minerals based on Pitzer model was made in Caka Salt Lake. The evolution of the mixed surface-water and the mineral sequences were calculated and compared with the hydrochemical compositions of the brine and the salt minerals of the deposit in Caka Salt Lake. The results show that the formation temperature of the lake is between 0°C and 5°C, which is well identical with other studies. The mixing of salt-karst water with the surface waters, neglected by the former researchers, is very important to the formation of the lake, indicating that the initial waters resulting in the formation of the lake are multi-source. It is the first time to use Pitzer model in China for making geochemical simulation of the formation and evolution of inland salt lake and satisfactory results have been achieved.

关键词： Pitzer model,Caka Salt Lake,geochemical simulation,salt-karst water.

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Mineralogy and crystal structure determination of Mg-fillowite

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第5期48卷 635-646页

作者： MA Zhesheng 1., SHI Nicheng 1.& YE Danian 2.1. China University of geosciences, {1. 1.0083. China 2. Institute of Geology, {2. {3. of Sciences, {1. 1.002., China 1. China University of geosciences 100083 Beijing China 2. Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Sciences 100029 Beijing China

Accurate crystal structure determination of complex phosphate Mg-fillowite ? Na2.a(Mn4Mg2.e)7[PO4]6 has been finished. Mg-fillowite occurs in muscovite-pegmatite in the Altay area, Xinjiang, China. It is of the trigonal lattice, with space group R-3. unit cell a=1.51.3.3. nm, c=4.3.91.2. nm, V=8.573. nm3. Z = 1.. The R-factor of the determination accuracy is R (I > 2. ( I )) = 0.0776. The cationic polyhedra consist of two kinds of structural units: compound col- umn and screw column. In three-dimensional space, they are linked with each other through corner sharing or edge sharing to build the entire structure. There are 45 atoms in an asymmetric unit and 72. atoms in a unit cell. In terms of types and connection manners of the coordination polyhedra, the degree of complicity is rarely seen in all mineral crystal structures. Study of such a structure is significant for the classification of phosphate and the building rule of coordination polyhedra in a complex crystal structure.

关键词： Mg-fillowite, complex phosphate, crystal structure, coordination polyhedron.

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A mixed method for measuring low-frequency acoustic properties of macromolecular materials

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2006年第6期49卷 729-739页

作者： LIU Hongwei1.YAO Lei1.{2.ZHAO Hong1.{2.ZHANG Jichuan2.{2.& XUE Zhaohong2.1. National Key Laboratory of Acoustics,Institute of Acoustics,chinese academy of Sciences,{2. 1.0080,China 2. Institute of Chemistry,chinese academy of Sciences,{2. 1.0080,China {2. Graduate University of chinese academy of Sciences,{2. 1.0049,China National Key Laboratory of Acoustics Institute of Acoustics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Graduate University of chinese {1. of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

A mixed method for measuring low-frequency acoustic properties of macro-molecular materials is presented. The dynamic mechanical parameters of materials are first measured by using Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Apparatus(DMTA) at low frequen-cies,usually less than 1.0 Hz; then based on the Principles of Time-Temperature Super-position (TTS),these parameters are extended to the frequency range that acousticians are concerned about,usually from hundreds to thousands of hertz; finally the extended dynamic mechanical parameters are transformed into acoustic parameters with the help of acoustic measurement and inverse analysis. To test the feasibility and accuracy,we measure a kind of rubber sample in DMTA and acquire the basic acoustic parameters of the sample by using this method. While applying the basic parameters to calculating characteristics of the sample in acoustic pipe,a reasonable agreement of sound absorp-tion coefficients is obtained between the calculations and measurements in the acoustic pipe.

关键词： low-frequency acoustic properties,dynamic mechanical properties,Principles of Time-Temperature Superposition,acoustic pipe,sound absorption coefficient.

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Spectral analysis of quasi-stationary sea surface topography from GRACE mission

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第11期48卷 2040-2048页

作者： ZHANG Zizhan1.2.& LU Yang1.{2.1. Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, {1. academy of Sciences, Wuhan 4{2.077, China 2. Graduate School of the {1. academy of Sciences, beijing 1.00{2., China {2. Unite Center for Astro-geodymics Research, {1. academy of Sciences, Shanghai 2.00{2., China 1. Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences 430077 Wuhan China 2. Graduate School of the chinese {1. of Sciences 100039 Beijing China 3. Unite Center for Astro-geodymics Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 200030 Shanghai China

During the last two decades satellite altimetry has offered an abundance of meas-urements of the sea surface resulting in the improvement of global mean sea surface height (MSSH) and marine geoid determination. On the other hand, with the launching of new genera-tion gravity satellites, some high accuracy long-wavelength gravity models are available. These breakthroughs give us a great opportunity for new estimation of quasi-stationary sea surface topography (QSST). In this paper, the new gravity model GGM01. derived from GRACE mission is briefly presented, and a new global high precision and high-resolution QSST is determined based on the GGM01. model and the global MSSH. The spectral features of the QSST esti-mated by GGM01. and EGM96 gravity model to degree/order 2.0 are discussed by spectral analysis. As a result, the QSST is mainly composed of long waves, medium waves partially and short waves scarcely, its power spectral structures are different between the zonal direction and the meridional direction, there are great differences between the two models, which maybe ex-plain why the ocean currents derived from the two gravity models by Tapley show different pat-terns.

关键词： quasi-stationary sea surface topography, mean sea surface height, GGM01. fast Fourier transform, spectral analysis

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Effect of rock mass structure and block size on the slope stability——Physical modeling and discrete element simulation

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2005年第z1期48卷 1-17页

作者： LI Shihai1. LIAN Zhenzhong1.2.& J. G. Wang{2.1. Institute of Mechanics, {1. academy of Sciences, {2. 1.0080, China 2. Graduate School, {1. academy of Sciences, {2. 1.0060, China {2. Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 1.92.0 chinese Acad Sci Inst Mech Beijing 100080 Peoples R China chinese Acad Sci Grad Sch Beijing 100060 Peoples R China Natl Univ Singapore Trop Marine Sci Inst Singapore 119260 Singapore

This paper studies the stability of jointed rock slopes by using our improved three-dimensional discrete element methods (DEM) and physical modeling. Results show that the DEM can simulate all failure modes of rock slopes with different joint configurations. The stress in each rock block is not homogeneous and blocks rotate in failure development. Failure modes depend on the configuration of joints. Toppling failure is observed for the slope with straight joints and sliding failure is observed for the slope with staged joints. The DEM results are also compared with those of limit equilibrium method (LEM). Without considering the joints in rock masses, the LEM predicts much higher factor of safety than physical modeling and DEM. The failure mode and factor of safety predicted by the DEM are in good agreement with laboratory tests for any jointed rock slope.

关键词： rock masses, slope stability, DEM simulation, block size effect, joints configuration effect, limit equilibrium method.

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Interannual variability of Antarctic Oscillation and its influence on East Asian climate during boreal winter and spring

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Science China Earth Sciences 2006年第5期49卷 554-560页

作者： FAN Ke1.2.3.& WANG Huijun2.1. Nansen-Zhu International Research Center, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, {1. academy of Sciences, {2. 1.002., China 2. Department of Atmospheric Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091. China 3. Graduate University of the {1. academy of Sciences, {2. 1.0049, China 1. Nansen-Zhu International Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China 2. Department of Atmospheric Science Yunnan University Kunming 650091 China 3. Graduate University of the {1. {2. of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The interannual variability of Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) and its influence on East Asian climate during both boreal winter and spring are addressed. The results show that the positive AAO anomaly decreases the cold activity over East Asia during both boreal winter and spring. AAO-related barotropic meridional teleconnection from Antarctic to Arctic is found through analysis of mean me- ridional circulations. This meridional teleconnection is remarkable over Eurasia during boreal winter and over the Pacific Ocean during boreal spring. The results also show that zonal mean zonal wind at high latitudes in Southern Hemisphere has well positive correlation with that of Eurasia during boreal winter and has negative correlation with Pacific North American teleconnection (PNA) during boreal spring, which again display the meridional teleconnection. Thus, local meridional teleconnection is a possible linkage for interaction of circulations at mid-high latitudes between both hemispheres.

关键词： Antarctic Oscillation, Eurasian west wind, meridional teleconnection, mean meridional circulation.

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