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Three-dimensional decomposition method of global atmospheric circulation

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第3期51卷 386-402页

作者： LIU HaiTao1,2.3, HU ShuJuan4, XU Ming5 & CHOU JiFan6,7 1 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10002., china 2.Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100049, china 3 beijing Climate Center, beijing 100089, china 4 Department of Mathematics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, china 5 Shanghai Typhoon Institute, Shanghai 2.0030, china 6 Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, china 7 china meteorological administration Training Center, beijing 100089, china 1. State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China 3. beijing Climate Center Beijing 100089 China 4. Department of Mathematics Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China 5. Shanghai Typhoon Institute Shanghai 200030 China 6. Department of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China 7. china meteorological administration Training Center Beijing 100089 China

By adopting the idea of three-dimensional Walker, Hadley and Rossby stream functions, the global atmospheric circulation can be considered as the sum of three stream functions from a global perspective. Therefore, a m... 详细信息

关键词： three-dimensional decomposition of the global atmospheric circulation generalized Walker Hadley and Rossby stream functions existence and uniqueness vertical motion

Research on the dry intrusion accompanying the low vortex precipitation

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Science china Earth Sciences 2007年第9期50卷 1396-1408页

作者： YAO XiuPing1,2.3, WU GuoXiong1, ZHAO BingKe4, YU YuBin3 & YANG GuiMing2.5 1 LASG, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10002., china 2.Institute of Heavy Rain, {2., Wuhan 430074, china 3 {2. Training Center, beijing 100081, china 4 Shanghai Typhoon Institute of {2., Shanghai 2.0030, china 5 national meteorological Center of the {2., beijing 100081, china 1. LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China 2. Institute of Heavy Rain China Meteorological Administration Wuhan 430074 China 3. china meteorological administration Training Center Beijing 10081 China 4. Shanghai Typhoon Institute of china meteorological administration Shanghai 200030 China 5. national meteorological Center of the {2. Beijing 100081 China

By employing the 6.7μm satellite vapor cloud images and NCEP/NCAR 1°×1° reanalysis datasets, the characteristics and mechanism of the dry intrusion, as well as its impacts on the low vortex precipita- tion at the Meiyu front are explored in this paper. It is found that the formation,development and main- tenance of the low vortex precipitation at the Meiyu front are closely related to the evolution of the dry intrusion. The dry intrusion is characterized by high potential vorticity (PV), low humidity and cold air. The dry intrusion exhibits as an obvious dark zone on vapor cloud images, an area in which atmos- pheric relative humidity is lower than 60%. However, the features of the dry intrusion on the vapor im- ages are clearer than that of the humidity field, for the former is the digital vapor cloud images with high temporal and spatial resolution, and it can be used to explore the finer characteristics of the develop- ment, evolution and supplement of the intrusion during the development of the low vortex. The dry intrusion impacts accompanying the low vortex precipitation at the Meiyu front come from all levels of the troposphere, with the strongest intrusion located at the upper troposphere. The dry and cold air intrudes the vicinity of the low vortex from the upper isentropic surface to the lower one, slanting eastward from lower to higher level. The low vortex precipitation region is usually situated in front of the dry intrusion where the relative humidity gradient is higher. The research also reveals that the mechanism of the dry intrusion is that the high potential vorticity descends from the upper troposphere to the lower level, therefore, the dry intrusion can be used as an important index of the high PV forcing. To the west of the low vortex precipitation, the upper level northerlies descend across the isentropic surface, then the dry cold advection can trigger the instable development in the mid-low troposphere. The dry intrusion enhances the low vort

关键词： Meiyu front, low vortex precipitation, dry intrusion, mechanisim, vapor image, potential vorticity, relative humidity

Evolution of terraces Ⅰ–Ⅲ along the Anning River, western Sichuan, based on pollen records and terrace structure

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Science china Earth Sciences 2011年第1期54卷 127-135页

作者： CHENG JianWu1,2.1 Institute of Geology, china Earthquake administration, {2. 100039, china 2.Earthquake administration of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, china Institute of Geology China Earthquake Administration Beijing China Earthquake administration of Gansu Province Lanzhou China

This study reconstructs the long-term evolution of river terraces over large spatial scales along the Anning River, western Sichuan, and identifies external factors controlling terrace formation. Pollen record analysis and terrace structure indicate that formation of the middle section of terraces I-III resulted from the interaction of changing climates and uplift of the margins of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The relative influence of climate and uplift in terrace formation changes in different periods. The terraces reveal multiple, gradual uplift events on the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which is of great significance for determining uplift mechanisms across the entire plateau.

关键词： Anning River in western Sichuan terrace formation pollen paleoclimate

Prediction of solar cycle based on the invariant

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第23期48卷 2568-2571页

作者： LIU Shijun, YU Xiaoding & CHEN Yongyi Chinese meteorological administration Training Centre, {2., china Correspondence should be addressed to Liu Shijun (e-mail: liushj@ ***) Chinese meteorological administration Training Centre

A new method of predicting solar activities has been introduced in this paper. The method can predict both the occurrence time and the maximum number of sunspot at the same time. By studying the variation of sunspot, we find that the combination of the several variables was nearly in-variable during the entire solar cycles, as called invariant. And just only by determining the start time of a cycle, we can predict the occurrence time of cycles peak value accurately. Furthermore, according to observational data of the sunspot cycles, it showed that the sunspot maximum number has correlation not only with the prophase variety of the number in the cycle but also with the anaphase of the previous period. So we can introduce an equivalent regression coefficient, which can dynamically self-adapt to different cycle lengths, and effectively solve the inconsistency between the accuracy and the lead-time of the forecast. It can guarantee the satis-fied accuracy and effectively increases the lead-time of the forecast. This method can predict the maximum sunspot number for solar cycle at the approximate half rise of the period. This method predicts that the occurrence time of the maximum sunspot number for cycle 2. will be in January 2.11.

关键词：太阳黑子太阳活动周期周期预测地磁指数

Study of statistically correcting model CMAQ-MOS for forecasting regional air quality

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第S2期48卷 155-172页

作者： XU Jianming, XU Xiangde, LIU Yu, DING Guoan, CHEN Huailiang, HU Jiangkai, ZHANG Jianchun, WU Hao, LI Weiliang, HE Jinhai, YANG Yuanqin & WANG Jiahe Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 2.0044, china State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of meteorological Sciences, {2., china meteorological Bureau of Henan Province, Institute of meteorological Sciences, Zhengzhou 450000, china national meteorological Centre of china meteorological administration, {2., china national meteorological Information Centre of china meteorological administration, {2., china Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing 210044 China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China meteorological Bureau of Henan Province Institute of Meteorological Sciences Zhengzhou 450000 China national meteorological Centre of {2. Beijing 100081 China national meteorological Information Centre of {2. Beijing 100081 China

Based on analysis of the air pollution observational data at 8 observation sites in beijing including outer suburbs during the period from September 2.04 to March 2.05, this paper reveals synchronal and in-phase characteristics in the spatial and temporal variation of air pollutants on a city-proper scale at deferent sites; describes seasonal differences of the pollutant emission influence between the heating and non-heating periods, also significantly local differences of the pollutant emission influence between the urban district and outer suburbs, i.e. the spatial and temporal distribution of air pollutant is closely related with that of the pollutant emission intensity. This study shows that due to complexity of the spatial and temporal distribution of pollution emission sources, the new generation Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model developed by the EPA of USA produced forecasts, as other models did, with a systematic error of significantly lower than observations, albeit the model has better capability than previous models had in predicting the spatial distribution and variation tendency of multi-sort pollutants. The reason might be that the CMAQ adopts average amount of pollutant emission inventory, so that the model is difficult to objectively and finely describe the distribution and variation of pollution emission sources intensity on different spatial and temporal scales in the areas, in which the pollution is to be forecast. In order to correct the systematic prediction error resulting from the average pollutant emission inventory in CMAQ, this study proposes a new way of combining dynamics and statistics and establishes a statistically correcting model CMAQ-MOS for forecasts of regional air quality by utilizing the relationship of CMAQ outputs with corresponding observations, and tests the forecast capability. The investigation of experiments presents that CMAQ-MOS reduces the systematic errors of CMAQ because of the uncertainty of pollution e

关键词： CMAQ-MOS point-area combination emission source influence emission inventory air quality.

Distinguished Effects of Interannual Salinity Variability on the Development of the Central-Pacific El Ni o Events

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2012年第2期5卷 123-127页

作者： ZHENG Fei 1,WAN Li-Ying 2.and WANG Hui 3 1 International Center for Climate and Environment Science (ICCES),Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,beijing 10002.,{2. 2.Key Laboratory of Research on Marine Hazards Forecasting,national Marine Environmental Forecasting Center,beijing 100081,{2. 3 national meteorological Center,beijing 100081,{2. [a] International Center for Climate and Environment Science (ICCES) Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China[b] Key Laboratory of Research on Marine Hazards Forecasting National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Beijing 100081 China[c] National Meteorological Center Beijing 100081 China

El Nio events in the central equatorial Pacific (CP) are gaining increased attention,due to their increasing intensity within the global warming *** physical processes have been identified in the climate system that can be responsible for the modulation of El Nio,especially the effects of interannual salinity *** this work,a comprehensive data analysis is performed to illustrate the effects of interannual salinity variability using surface and subsurface salinity fields from the Met Office ENSEMBLES (EN3) quality controlled ocean *** is demonstrated that during the developing phase of an El Nio event,a negative sea surface salinity (SSS) anomaly in the western-central basin acts to freshen the mixed layer (ML),decrease oceanic density in the upper ocean,and stabilize the upper *** related oceanic processes tend to reduce the vertical mixing and entrainment of subsurface water at the base of the ML,which further enhances the warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies associated with the El Nio ***,the effects of interannually variable salinity are much more significant during the CP-El Nio than during the eastern Pacific (EP) El Nio,indicating that the salinity effect might be an important contributor to the development of CP-El Nio events.

关键词： salinity effect CP-E1 Nifio EN3 dataset

A one-dimensional heat transfer model of the Antarctic Ice Sheet and modeling of snow temperatures at Dome A, the summit of Antarctic Plateau

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Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第5期53卷 763-772页

作者： CHEN BaiLian1,3, ZHANG RenHe2. SUN ShuFen1, BIAN LinGen2. XIAO CunDe4,2.& ZHANG TingJun5 1 Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10002., china 2.Chinese Academy of {2. Sciences, beijing 100081, china 3 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100049, china 4 Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, china 5 The national Snow and Ice Data Center, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0449, USA 1. Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China2. Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China4. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China5. The National Snow and Ice Data Center University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309-0449 USA

A vertical one-dimensional numerical model for heat transferring within the near-surface snow layer of the Antarctic Ice Sheet was developed based on simplified parameterizations of associated physical processes for the atmosphere, radiation, and snow/ice systems. Using the meteorological data of an automatic weather station (AWS) at Dome A (80°2.′S, 70°2.′E), we applied the model to simulate the seasonal temperature variation within a depth of 2. m. Comparison of modeled results with observed snow temperatures at 4 measurement depths (0.1, 1, 3, 10 m) shows good agreement and consistent seasonal variations. The model results reveal the vertical temperature structure within the near-surface snow layer and its seasonal variance with more details than those by limited measurements. Analyses on the model outputs of the surface energy fluxes show that: 1) the surface energy balance at Dome A is characterized by the compensation between negative net radiation and the positive sensible fluxes, and 2. the sensible heat is on average transported from the atmosphere to the snow, and has an evident increase in spring. The results are considered well representative for the highest interior Antarctic Plateau.

关键词： Antarctic Ice Sheet near-surface layer energy transfer numerical model

HISTORICAL DATABASE OF TYPHOON,STORM RAINFALL AND CYCLONE

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Natural Disaster Reduction in china 1996年第3期 132-138页

作者： Li Zhao-clang and Yak Xuexiang(national meteorological Center, {2. Meteralogical administration, beijing 100081 )

The study of historical database of typhoon, storm rainfall and cyclone belongs to the sub-project 09- 01 - 04- 03 of national Science and Technology Key Project 85- 906. It consists of five secondary bases: the database of tropical cyclone track and its strength in the Northwest Pacific, the precipitation database of tropical cyclone in china, the database of temperate cyclone track and its strength in china, the wind and rainfall database of temperate cyclone and the historical database of important storm rainfall process. The historical database has been set up on the computer and has strong transplanting feature. By adopting FoxBASE with Chinese words in designing management system of the database, it has function of figure display for precipitation data in graphs and being inquired 500 hpa height field data, it is convenient for reference in understanding the circulation pattern of precipitation process at the beginning, sustaining and ending stages. This paper will introduce to the structure, data, rule for choosing cases, using form and function of the historical database of typhoon, storm rainfall and cyclone.

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Virtual ChuanDian--A parallel numerical modeling of Sichuan-Yunnan regional strong earthquake activities: Model construction and parallel simulation

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Science china Earth Sciences 2009年第10期52卷 1585-1598页

作者： ZHANG Huai1, WU ZhongLiang1,2. ZHANG DongNing2. LIU Jie2. WANG Hui2. YAN ZhenZhen1,2.& SHI YaoLin11 Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100049, china 2.Institute of Geophysics, Chinese Earthquake {2., beijing 100081, china 1. Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China 2. Institute of Geophysics Chinese Earthquake Administration Beijing 100081 China

Reasonable use of mathematical modeling and numerical simulation of regional earthquake activities has attracted more and more attentions in realistic seismicity studies in recent years. The inherent nature of their attendant multi-scale properties, from either the temporal or the spatial direction, necessitates the use of the cutting-edge massive parallel data processing techniques. Our study here is focused on the model construction and numerical simulation of the regional stress evolution after large earthquake sequences along the fault zones in Sichuan and Yunnan areas, using large-scale parallel finite element approximations with tens of millions of unstructured meshes on the distributed systems. The objective of our study is to provide a state-of-the-art model and a large-scale numerical simulation platform, on which estimation of the risk of large earthquake triggering sequences can be carried out in a middle or long-term time scale with realistic data and constrains inputted from field observation and geological survey.

关键词： Sichuan-Yunan area seismic processing parallel simulation initial stress field